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The original abbey was founded in AD 657 by St Hilda or Hild (614-80 ), and in AD 664 it was the meeting place of The Synod of Whitby, at which the churches of England decided to follow Roman, rather the Celtic, usages. At this time the Abbey was the home of Caedmon, the first English Christian poet, who is commemorated by a cross of 1898 in the yard of St Mary's Church.
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