How Batteries work

A battery is a container that is full with electrons flowing from one end to the other. There are two terminals in a battery. A negative (-) and a positive (+). Electrons flow from the negative terminal to the positive terminal. For the battery to start flowing, a chemical reaction has to take place. Once a wire is connected from the negative terminal to the positive terminal, the chemical reaction starts. An example for the chemical reaction is when you have a container with sulphuric acid. When you would put a carbon rod in this jar. Nothing would actually happen. Now when you would put a Zinc rod in this container. You would see the acid start to demolish the rod and the acid heat up. You would also see hydrogen bubbles forming. This happens because the sulphuric acid breaks up to two H⁺ ions and one SO₄^- ion. The zinc atoms on the surface of the zinc rod lose two electrons (2e^-) to become Zn⁺⁺ ions. The Zn⁺⁺ ions combine with the SO₄^-- ion to create ZnSO₄, which dissolves in the acid. Then finally, the zinc electrons from hydrogen bubbles by combining with hydrogen ions. Now if you were to put the carbon rod and the zinc rod both connected to each other by a wire. Then you’d see the same reaction, but less heat because some of the heat is turned into electron motion. This reaction that occurs in the battery is reversible. Batteries are either put in too a parallel arrangements or serial arrangement

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Battery Pack

The first picture shows how the batteries work in a parallel arrangement. In a parallel arrangement, the batteries all produce 1.5 volts. But do it in will do it 4 times as fast as only one 1.5 volt battery. While the second arrangement is called a serial arrangement. In a serial arrangement, all four batteries add up to give you 6 volts. One thing is amazing. A 9 volt battery is actually 6 1.5 volt batteries put together into a serial pattern

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