Animal List

Animal List (Incomplete) List of Animals,
by Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species, and Subspecies,
with Scientific Name

Annelids (Annelida)
- (Pogonophora)
  - (Athecanephria)
    - (Oligobrachiidae)
    - (Siboglinidae)
      - (Osedax)
        
        (O. rubiplumus) Worm living on whale fall, is red and feathery, discovered in 2004
        (O. frankpressi) Worm living on whale fall, discovered in 2004
  - (Riftiida)
    - (Riftiidae)
      - (Riftia)
        
        Giant Tube Worm (R. pachyptila) hydrothermal vent worm that can tolerate high temperatures and sulfur levels
- (Polychaeta)
  - (Terebellida)
    - (Alvinellidae)
      - (Alvinella)
        
        Pompeii Worm (A. pompejana) 'Hottest animal on earth', hydrothermal vent polychaete worm extremophile
Molluscs (Mollusca)
- Cephalopods (Cephalapoda)
  - (Teuthida)
    - (Cranchiidae)
      - (Architeuthis)
        
        Colossal Squid (M. hamiltoni) Bioluminescent squid almost 40 feet long. Discovered in 1925.
    - (Architeuthidae)
      - Giant Squid (Mesonychoteuthis) Especiall Newfoundland
        
        Atlantic Giant Squid (A. dux)
        (A. hartingii)
        (A. japonica)
        (A. kirkii)
        (A. martensi)
        (A. physeteris)
        Southern Giant Squid (A. sanctipauli)
        (A. stockii)
Arthropods (Arthropoda)
- Branchiopods (Branchiopoda)
  - (Anostraca)
  - Nostracans (Triops/Tadpole Shrimp/Shield Shrimp) (Notostraca) Unchanged morphology since the Triassic (220 million years ago)
    - Triops/Tadpole Shrimp/Shield Shrimp (Triopsidae)
      - (Lepidurus)
        
        (L. apus) Austria
      - (Triops)
        
        (T. longicaudatus) America
        (T. newberryi) America
        (T. cancriformis) Austria - living fossil.
        (T. australiensis) Australia
        (T. numidicus)
        (T. numidicus)
  - (Diplostraca)
- Insects (Insecta)
  - Orthopterans (Orthoptera)
    - (Anostostomatidae)
      - Giant Weta (Deinacrida)
        
        Giant Weta (D. heteracantha) New Zealand, more than 8 cm long, plus legs and antennae, weighing 70g+
        Poor Knights Giant Weta (D. fallai) New Zealand, 20 cm overall
      - (Henicus)
      - (Libanasidus)
        
        Parktown Prawn (L. vittatus) South Africa, 4-5 cm long cricket, with 2 cm antennae
    - (Stenopelmatidae)
      - (Stenopelmatus)
        
        Jerusalem Cricket (S. fuscus)
    - Camel Crickets, Cave Weta (Rhaphidophoridae)
      - Cave Weta (Gymnoplectron)
Chordates (Chordata)
- Lobe-finned Fishes (Sarcopterygii)
  - Coelacanths (Coelacanthiformes) Oldest lineage of fish in the world.
    - (Latimeriidae) Comoros, Sulawesi (Indonesia), Kenya, Tanzania, Mozambique, Madagascar, South Africa
      - Blue Coelacanth (L. chalumnae) Comoros. Discovered in 1938.
      - Brown Coelacanth (L. menadoensis) Indonesia.
  - Lungfishes (Dipnoi)
- Amphibians (Amphibia)
  - Salamanders (Urodela/Caudata)
  - Frogs and Toads (Anura)
    - (Nasikabatrachidae)
      - (Nasikabatrachus)
        
        (N. sahyadrensis) Hills W of India. Discovered in 2003.
    - (Sooglossidae) Seychelles Islands
    - (Pipidae)
      - Pipa Toads (Pipa)
        
        Surinam Toad (P. pipa) E South America, Trinidad
        (P. parva)
        (P. myersi)
        Small Surinam Toad (P. arrabali)
        (P. aspera)
        (P. [Hemipipa] carvalhoi)
        (P. snethlageae)
    - (Ranidae)
      - (Rana)
        
        Seoul Frog, Pond Frog, Gold-spotted Pond Frog 금개구리 (R. chosenica) W, SW Korean peninsula
    - (Bufonidae)
  - Caecilians (Gymnophiona/Apoda)
- Birds (Aves)
  - (Pictiformes)
    - (Picidae)
      - (Campephilus)
        
        Ivory-billed Woodpecker (C. principalis) Arkansas
- Mammals (Mammalia)
  - Monotremes (Monotremata)
  - Marsupials (Marsupialia)
    - Western Opossums (Didelphidae)
      - Hyladelphys (Hyladelphys)
        
        Kalinowski's Opossum (H. kalinowskii) Discovered in 1992.
  - Insectivores (Insectivora)
  - Elephant Shrews (Macroscelididea)
  - Colugos (Dermoptera)
  - Bats (Chiroptera)
    - Craseonycteridae (Craseonycteridae)
      - Craseonycteris (Craseonycteris)
        
        Bumblebee Bat/Kitti's Hog-nosed Bat (C. thonglongyai) Tiny region of W Thailand, Kanchanburi prov., Sai Yoke. Discovered in 1974.
    - Versper Bats, Evening Bats (Vespertilionidae)
      - Mouse-eared bats (Myotis)
        
        Hodgson's Bat (M. formosus) C/SE/E Asia; 5 cm long, yellowing coloring
        
        붉은박쥐 Bulgeunbakjwi/Korean orange whiskered bat/Hodgson's Bat/Copper-winged Bat (Myotis formosus tsuensis) female:male ratio 1:10-1:40; found in abandoned mines (hibernating Nov-Mar, living in bamboo forests or old tree trunks otherwise), about 5 cm long
  - Tree Shrews (Scandentia)
  - Primates (Primates)
  - Xenarthrans (Xenarthra)
    - (Megatheriidae)
      - Megatherium (Megatherium)
        
        Megatherium (M. americanum) Extinct 8,000 years ago. 6m long, 3.8 tons
    - (Mylodontidae)
      - (Mylodon)
        
        Giant Ground Sloth (M. listai) Extinct by 6,639BC
    - West Indian Sloths and Two-Toed Tree Sloths (Megalonychidae)
      - (Megalonyx)
        
        (M. jeffersonii) Giant prehistoric bear-sized ground sloth.
      - Puerto Rican Ground Sloth (Acratocnus)
        
        Puerto Rican Ground Sloth (A. odontrigonus) Small, with light-boned limbs. About 22-45 kg.
      - Lesser Haitian Ground Sloth (Synocnus)
        
        Lesser Haitian Ground Sloth (S. comes) Around 23 kg. Probably exterminated by people in recent times.
      - Greater Haitian Ground Sloth (Parocnus)
        
        Greater Haitian Ground Sloth (P. serus) Large and heavy, around 70 kg. Probably eaten along with Acratocnus.
      - Two-Toed Tree Sloths (Choloepus)
        
        (C. didactylus) E Andes in Columbia, Venezuela, the Guianas, Ecuador, Peru, N Brazil. Can live more than 27 years.
        (C. hoffmanni) Nicaragua to Peru and C Brazil. Can live more than 32 years.
    - Three-Toed Tree Sloths (Bradypodidae)
      - Three-Toed Tree Sloths (Bradypus)
        
        (B. variegatus) Honduras to N Argentina.
        
        (Bv. boliviensis)
        
        (B. tridactylus) S Venezuela, the Guianas, N Brazil.
        (B. torquatus) Coastal forests of E Brazil.
    - Anteaters (Myrmecophagidae)
      - Giant Anteater (Myrmecophaga)
        
        Giant Anteater (M. tridactyla) S Belize to N Argentina.
      - Lesser Anteaters (Tamandua)
        
        (T. mexicana) S Mexico to NW Venezuela and NW Peru.
        (T. tetradactyla) South America E of the Andes, from Venezuela and Trinidad to N Argentina, S Brazil.
        
        (Tt. chapadensis) Endangered.
      - Silky Anteater (Cyclopes)
        
        Silky Anteater (C. didactylus) Mexico to Bolivia and Brazil.
    - (Pampatheriidae)
      - (Holmesina)
        
        (H. septrionalis) Prehistoric 'Giant armadillos' 2 meters long.
    - (Glyptodontidae)
      - Glyptodont (Glyptotherium) Extinct 15,000 years ago. 4m long, 1.5m high. South USA and South America
        
        Glyptodont (G. sp.)
        (G. arizonae)
    - Armadillos (Dasypodidae)
      - Hairy Armadillos/Peludos (Chaetophractus)
        
        (C. vellerosus) W Bolivia to Paraguay and C Argentina.
        (C. nationi) Bolivia, N Chile.
        (C. villosus) N Paraguay, S Bolivia to C Argentina.
      - Six-banded Armadillo (Euphractus)
        
        Six-banded Armadillo (E. sexcinctus) Surinam and E of the Andes from Amazon Basin of Brazil to N Argentina. Can live for more than 16 years.
      - Pichi (Zaedyus)
        
        Pichi (Z. pichiy) C and S Argentina, Andean grasslands of Chile.
      - Giant Armadillo (Priodontes)
        
        Giant Armadillo (P. maximus) Most of South America E of the Andes, from NW Venezuela to NE Argentina.
      - Naked-Tailed Armadillos (Cabassous)
        
        (C. unicinctus) E of the Andes from Venezuela to S Brazil.
        (C. centralis) Belize and Guatemala to W Colombia and NW Venezuela.
        (C. chacoensis) Gran Chaco of SE Bolivia, W Paraguay, N Argentina, adjacent part of Brazil.
        (C. tatouay) S Brazil, E Paraguay, Uruguay, NE Argentina.
      - Three-Banded Armadillos (Tolypeutes)
        
        (T. tricinctus) E-C Brazil.
        (T. matacus) C and E Bolivia, Mato Grosso of C Brazil, Chaco region of Paraguay, N and C Argentina.
      - Long-Nosed Armadillos (Dasypus)
        
        (D. novemcinctus) SC, SE USA to Peru & N Argentina, Grenada in Lesser Antilles, Trinidad, Tobago
        (D. septemcinctus) E and S Brazil, E Bolivia, Paraguay, extreme N Argentina
        (D. hybridus) Paraguay, N Argentina, Uruguay, S Brazil.
        (D. sabanicola) Llanos of Colombia and Venezuela.
        (D. kappleri) E of the Andes from Ecuador and N Bolivia to the Guianas and NE Brazil.
        (D. pilosus) Mountains of SW Peru.
      - Pichiciegos (Chlamyphorus)
        
        Pink Fairy Armadillo (C. truncatus) C Argentina.
        (C. retusus) Chaco region of W and C Bolivia, Paraguay, and extreme N Argentina.
  - Pangolins (Pholidota)
    - Pangolins Manidae
      - Pangolins Manis
        
        Indian Pangolin (M. crassicaudata) India, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Pakistan
        Giant Pangolin (M. gigantea) W Africa to Uganda along the equator
        Malayan Pangolin (M. javanica) SE Asia Indomalayan regions
        穿山甲 Chinese Pangolin (M. pentadactyla) Nepal, Assam, E Himalaya, Burma, China
        Ground Pangolin (M. temminckii) Chad, Sudan, Kenya, Tanzania, N South Africa
        Long-tailed Pangolin (M. tetradactyla) Rainforest in Uganda to Senegal, Angola
        Tree Pangolin (M. tricuspis) Rainforest in Senegal, W Kenya, Zambia
  - Lagomorphs (Lagomorpha)
    - Pikas/Mouse Hares/Conies (Ochotonidae)
      - Pikas/Mouse Hares/Conies (Ochotona)
        
        蝦夷鳴兔 (O. hyperborea(alpina) yesoensis)
      - Sardinian Pika (Prolagus)
        
        Sardinian Pika (P. sardus) 1800s? Corsica, Sardinia
    - Hares, Rabbits (Leporidae)
      - 奄美黒兔 Amami Rabbit/Ryukyu Rabbit (Pentalagus)
        
        奄美黒兔 Amami Rabbit/Ryukyu Rabbit (P. furnessi) Amami Oshima, Toku-no-Shima, Japan
      - (Romerolagus)
        
        Volcano Rabbit (R. diazi) Mountains of Mexico
      - (Pronolagus)
      - (Brachylagus)
        
        Pygmy Rabbit (B. idahoensis) Colombia Basin of the United States
      - (Bunolagus)
        
        Bushman Rabbit (B. monticularis) C, S Karoo Desert of South Africa's Cape Province
      - (Caprolagus)
      - (Lepus)
      - (Nesolagus)
      - (Oryctolagus)
        
        European Rabbit (O. cuniculus) S Europe, domesticated world-wide
      - (Poelagus)
      - Cottontail Rabbits (Sylvilagus)
        
        Swamp Rabbit (S. aquaticus) S United States
        Tapeti (S. brasiliensis)
        Dice's Cottontail (S. dicei)
        Omilteme Cottontail (S. insonus)
        Marsh Rabbit (S. palustris)
        Venezuelan Lowland Rabbit (S. varynaensis)
        Desert Cottontail (S. audubonii)
        Manzano Mountain Cottontail (S. cognatus)
        Mexican Cottontail (S. cunicularis)
        Eastern Cottontail (S. floridanus) E, SW United States, S Canada, E Mexico, Central America
        Tres Marias Rabbit (S. graysoni)
        Mountain Cottontail (S. nuttallii)
        Appalachian Cottontail (S. obscurus)
        Robust Rabbit (S. robustus)
        New England Cottontail (S. transitionalis)
        Brush Rabbit (S. bachmani)
        San Jose Brush Rabbit (S. mansuetus)
  - Rodents (Rodentia)
    - (Laonastidae)
      - (Laonastes)
        
        Laotian Rock Rat (L. aenigmamus) Khammouan region, Laos. First written about in 2005.
    - Sewellel (Aplodontidae)
      - Sewellel (Aplodontia)
        
        Sewellel/Mountain Beaver (A. rufa) SW British Columbia-NW California
    - Squirrels (Sciuridae)
      - Marmots (Marmota)
      - Prairie Dogs (Cynomys)
      - Tree Squirrels (Sciurus)
        
        Japanese Squirrel (S. lis)
      - Tricolored Squirrels (Callosciurus)
      - Giant Flying Squirrels (Petaurista)
      - Old World Flying Squirrels (Pteromys)
    - Pocket Gophers (Geomyidae)
    - Pocket Mice, Kangaroo Rats and Mice (Heteromyidae)
    - Beavers (Castoridae)
      - (Steneofiber)
        
        (S. castorinus)
        (S. hesperus)
      - (Eucastor) Ancient beaver. Pliocene.
        
        (E. sp.)
        (E. planus)
      - (Trogontherium) Large beaver of Europe, but not much bigger than a normal beaver
        
        (T. cuvieri)
      - (Dipoides) Eurasia and North America. Late Tertiary. Primitive beaver.
        
        (D. majori)
        (D. anatolicus)
      - (Procastoroides) Large beaver 2/3 the size of Castoroides.
        
        (P. sweeti)
      - (Castoroides) Giant beaver of North America, as big as a black bear
        
        (C. leiseyorum)
        (C. ohioensis) Ice age (Quaternary - last 2 million years).
      - Beavers (Castor)
        
        American Beaver (C. canadensis) Alaska, Canada, conterminous US, extreme N Mexico
        Eurasian Beaver (C. fiber) Forested Palaearctic in Europe and Asia (except Mediterranean zone and Japan)
    - Scaly-taled Squirrels (Anomaluridae)
    - Springhar/Springhaas (Pedetidae)
    - Murids (Muridae)
    - Dormice (Gliridae)
    - Birch Mice, Jumping Mice (Zapodidae)
    - Jerboas (Dipodidae)
    - Old World Porcupines (Hystricidae)
    - New World Porcupines (Erethizontidae)
    - Cavies and Patagonian Hares (Caviidae)
    - Capybaras (Hydrocaeridae)
      - Capybara (Hydrochaeris)
        
        Capybara (hydrochaeris) Panama, Colombia, Guianas, Uruguay Argentina
    - Pacarana (Dinomyidae)
    - Giant Rodent (Heptaxodontidae)
      - (Elasmodontomys)
        
        Large Rodent (E. obliquus) Utado, Morovis, Ciales in Puerto Rico
      - (Quesmisia)
        
        Giant Hutia-like Rodent (Q. gravis) Early 1500s St. Michel in Haiti, Samana Bay in Dominican Republic
      - (Amblyrhiza)
        
        Bear-sized Rodent (A. inundata) Anguilla, St. Martin in Lesser Antilles
    - Agoutis and Pacas (Dasyproctidae)
    - Vicachas and Chinchillas (Chinchillidae)
    - Hutias and Nutria (Capromydae)
      - Cuban Hutias (Capromys)
        
        (C. garridoi) Cayos Maja (off central Cuba)
        (C. arboricolus) Eastern Cuba
        (C. pilorides) Cuba, nearby islands
        (C. melanurus) Eastern Cuba
        (C. prehensilis) Cuba, Isle of Pines
        (C. auritus) Cayo Fragoso (off NC Cuba)
        (C. sanfelipensis) Cayo Juan Garcia (off SW Cuba)
        (C. gracilis) W Cuba
        (C. minimus) E Cuba
        (C. beatrizae) W Cuba
        (C. silvai) SC Cuba
        (C. nanus) Cuba
        (C. angelcabrerai) Cayo de Ana Maria (off SC Cuba)
      - Bahaman and Jamaican Hutias (Geocapromys)
        
        (G. brownii) Jamaica
        (G. thoracatus) Little Swan Island (off NE Honduras)
        (G. columbianus) Cuba
        (G. ingrahami) Bahamas
        (G. pleistocenicus) Cuba
        (--) SC Cuba
      - (Macrocapromys) Cuba
        
        (M. acevedol) Cuba
      - (Hexolobodon) Haiti
        
        (H. poolei) NC Haiti
        (H. phenax) NC Haiti
      - Hispaniolan Hutias (Plagiodontia)
        
        (P. aedium) Hispanolia
        (P. hylaeum) Hispanolia
        (P. ipnaeum) 1600s Hispanolia
        (P. spelaeum) 1600s Haiti
        (P. araeum) 1600s Haiti
        (P. caletensis) 1600s Dominican Republic
        ? (P. velozi) 1600s Haiti
      - (Isolobodon) Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands
        
        (I. portoricensis) 1900s Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands
        (I. levir) 1900s Hispaniola
        (I. montanus) 1900s Hispaniola
      - (Hyperplagiodontia) Haiti
        
        (H. stenocoronalis) Haiti
      - Nutria/Coypu (Myocastor)
        
        (M. coypus) S Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay, Argentina, Chile
    - Coypus (Myocastoridae)
    - Octodonts (Octodontidae)
    - Tuco-tucos (Ctenomyidae)
    - Chinchilla Rats/Chinchillones (Abrocomidae)
    - Spiny Rats (Echimyidae)
    - Cane Rats (Thryonomyidae)
    - Dassie Rats (Petromuridae)
    - African Mole-rats/Blesmols (Bathyergidae)
    - Gundis (Ctenodactyidae)
    - (Nesomyidae)
      - Pouched Rats (Cricetomys)
        
        Gambian Pouch Rat/African Giant Pouch Rat (C. gambianus)
      - Climbing Mice (Dendromurinae)
      - White-Tailed Rats (Mystromyinae)
      - Malagasy Rats and Mice (Nesomyinae)
      - African Rock Mice and Swamp Mice (Petromyscinae)
  - Cetaceans (Cetacea)
    - (Delphinidae)
      - (Sousa)
        
        Humpback Dolphin/Indo-Pacific Humpback Dolphin (S. chinensis)
        
        中華白海豚 Chinese White Dolphin (S. c. chinensis) Pink-colored skin. Lifespan: up to 40 years.
    - (Lipotidae)
      - (Lipotes)
        
        白鱀豚 Chinese River Dolphin (L. vexillifer) Yangzi River, China. Estimated that there are only 13 left.
  - Carnivores (Carnivora)
    - Mustelines (Mustelidae)
    - Mephitines (Mephitidae)
      - (Conepatus)
        
        Western Hog-nosed Skunk (C. mesoleucus) SW United States (Arizona to S Texas) through Mexico to Nicaragua
        
        Big Thicket Hog-nosed Skunk (C. m. telmalestes) SE Texas
        
        Eastern Hog-nosed Skunk (C. leuconotus)
        Striped Hog-nosed Skunk (C. semistriatus)
        Andes Skunk (C. chinga)
        Patagonian Skunk (C. humboldtii)
      - (Mydaus)
        
        Palawan Stink Badger (M. marchei)
      - (Mephitis)
        
        Striped Skunk (M. mephitis)
        Hooded Skunk (M. macroura)
      - (Spilogale)
        
        Western Spotted Skunk (S. gracilis)
        
        Channel Islands Spotted Skunk (S. g. amphiala) Three islands off the coast of S California (Santa Rosa, Santa Cruz, Santa Miguel)
        
        Eastern Spotted Skunk (S. putorius) E United States
        Pygmy Spotted Skunk (S. mesoleucus)
    - Canines (Canidae)
      - Dholes (Cuon)
        
        Dhole/Asiatic Wild Dog (C. alpinus) South Asia, Central Asia to the borders of Russia, Malaysia, Sumatra, India, Java
        
        (C. a. adustus) N Myanmar, Indochina
        (C. a. dukhunensis) India, S of Ganges River
        (C. a. fumosus) W Sichuan, China, Mongolia
        (C. a. hesperius) E Russia, China
        (C. a. infuscus) S Myanmar, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam
        (C. a. javanocus) Java
        (C. a. laniger) Kashmir, S Tibet
        (C. a. lepturus) China, S of Yangtze River
        (C. a. primaevus) Himalayan regions of Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan
        (C. a. sumatrensis) Sumatra
      - (Lycaon)
      - (Atelocynus)
      - Dogs (Canis)
      - (Pseudalopex)
      - (Cerdocyon)
        
        Crab-eating Fox/Forest Fox (C. thous) South America
      - (Dusicyon)
        
        Falkland Island Fox/Warrah (D. australis) Extinct 1876. Falkland Islands.
      - Bush Dogs (Speothos)
        
        Bush Dog (S. venaticus)
        
        (S. v. panamensis) Panama
        (S. v. venaticus) Ecuador and Colombia, N. Venezuela, Suriname, Guyana, N and C Brazil, Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay, Argentina
        (S. v. wingei) SE Brazil
      - (Chrysocyon)
        
        Aguara Guazú; Maned Wolf (C. brachyurus)
      - True Foxes (Vulpes)
        
        Bengal Fox (V. bengalensis)
        Blanford's Fox (V. cana)
        Cape Fox (V. chama)
        Corsac Fox (V. corsac)
        Tibetan Fox/Tibetan Sand Fox (V. ferrilata)
        Kit Fox (V. macrotis)
        
        San Joaquin Kit Fox (V. m. mutica)
        Desert Kit Fox (V. m. arsipus)
        Southern California Kit Fox (V. m. macrotis)
        
        Pale Fox (V. pallida)
        Ruppell's Fox (V. ruppelli)
        Swift Fox (V. velox)
        Red Fox (V. vulpes)
        
        狐 Japanese Red Fox (V. v. japonica)
        
        Fennec (V. zerda) Sahara Desert, smallest canid (20 cm tall, 40 cm long)
      - Arctic Foxes (Alopex)
        
        Arctic Fox (A. lagopus)
      - (Urocyon)
      - Raccoon Dogs (Nyctereutes)
        
        Raccoon Dog (N. procyonoides)
        
        Siberian Raccoon Dog (N. p. ussuriensis)
        Chinese Raccoon Dog (N. p. procyonoides)
        貍 Japanese Raccoon Dog (N. p. viverrinus)
        
        (N. abdeslami) Pliocene; larger body. Morocco.
        (N. donnezani) Found in Spain, Poland, Germany, and Turkey
      - (Otocyon)
  - Seals, Sea Lions, Walrus (Pinnipedia)
  - Aardvark, Ant Bear (Tubulidentata)
  - Proboscideans (Proboscidea)
    - (Gomphotheriidae)
      - Palaeomastodons (Palaeomastodon) Earliest Proboscidean genus
    - Mastodontids (Mastodontidae) Africa, Europe, Asia, North America. Oligocene-Pleistocene.
      - Mastodons (Mastodon) Never more than two molars in the jaw at the same time.
    - Stegodontids (Stegodontidae) Asia, Europe. Miocene-Pleistocene, elephantlike molar teeth with transverse enamel ridges, evolved from mastodontids.
    - Moeritheres (Moeritheriidae) Pakistan, Egypt. Eocene-Oligocene, tapir-sized, likely amphibious.
      - Moeritherium (Moeritherium)
        
        Moeritherium (M. trigodon) Tuskless, with a trunk-like snout. 0.7m at the shoulder.
    - Barytheres (Barytheriidae) Egypt, Lybia. Late Eocene.
    - Deinotheres (Deinotheriidae) Europe, W Asia, Africa. Miocene-Pleistocene, no upper tusks, lower tusks that curve down-back.
      - Deinotherium (Deinotherium)
        
        Deinotherium (D. bozasi) 4m at the shoulder (females 3.5m). Downward tusks probably used to strip bark.
    - Elephants (Elephantidae)
      - Primelephas (Primelephas) Upper and lower tusks.
      - Mammoth (Mammuthus)
        
        Woolly Mammoth (M. primigenius) 6000BC Siberia. Pleistocene, covered with woolly hair and long coarse outer hair.
      - Asian/Indian Elephant (Elephas)
        
        Asian/Indian Elephant (E. maximus)
        
        Ceylon Elephant (E. m. maximus) Ceylon, Sri Lanka
        Indian Elephant (E. m. indicus) India, Thailand, Vietnam, Burma, China, Himalayas in Bhutan
        Sumatran "Pocket" Elephant (E. m. sumatranus) Sumatra
        
        (E. falconeri) Mediterranean, Aegean. Late Pleistocene-2,390BC. Pygmy species with a shoulder height of only 90-140cm.
      - African Elephant (Loxodonta)
        
        African Elephant (L. africana)
        
        (L. a. pharaohensis) 1850s Sudan, Eritrea. Extinct relative of the African Forest Elephant.
        (L. a. orleansi) Somalia, Etheopia. Highly Endangered (60-300 left).
        
        African Forest Elephant/Pygmy Elephant (L. cyclotis) Discovered in 2001.
        Pygmy Elephant (L. pumilio) Reddish-colored 2m tall forest-roaming elephants.
  - Hyracoideans (Hyraxes, Dassies) (Hyracoidea)
  - Sirenians (Sirenia)
    - Dugongs and Sea Cows (Dugongidae)
      - Dugong (Dugong)
        
        Dugong (D. dugon)
      - Metaxytherium (Metaxytherium) Mediterranean, Caribbean, W Pacific
        
        (M. crataegense)
        (M. floridanum)
        (M. metaxytherium)
      - Dioplotherium (Dioplotherium)
        
        (D. allisoni) Pacific Coast. Large tusks, downturned snout (70 degrees)
        (D. manigaulti)
      - Dusisiren (Dusisiren) Had teeth. 45 degree snout deflection.
        
        (Dusisiren jordani) California. Miocene
        (Dusisiren dewana)
      - Hydrodamalis (Hydrodamalis) Increased neck fleibility
        
        (H. cuestae) Japan, California. Eocene, Miocene, Pliocene, 9 meters, 10 metric tons.
        Great Northern Sea Cow (H. gigas) 1768
    - Manatees (Trichechidae)
      - Manatee (Trichechus)
        
        Amazonian Manatee (T. inunguis)
        West Indian Manatee (T. manatus)
        West African Manatee (T. senegalensis)
  - Odd-toed Ungulates (Perissodactyla)
  - Even-toed Ungulates (Artiodactyla)
    - Bovids (Bovidae)
      - Takin (Budorcas)
        
        扭角羚/牛羚 Takin (Budorcas taxicolor) E Tibet, Sikkim, Bhutan, N Assam, N Burma, C to S China
    - Swines (Suidae)
      - Pigs/Hogs/Boars (Sus)
        
        Wild Boar/Pig (S. scrofa) O. S Scandinavia, Portugal, SE Siberia, Malay Peninsula
        
        Ryukyu Boar (S. scrofa riukiuanus) Ryukyu Islands
        
        Bearded Pig (S. barbatus) Malay, Peninsula, Rhio Archipelago, Sumatra, Bangka, Borneo, Philippines
        
        Malay Boar (S. barbatus oi) Malay Peninsula, Rhio Archipelago, Sumatra, Bangka
        
        Celebes Wild Boar (S. celebensis) Sulawesi
        Javan Pig/Warty Pig (S. verrucosus) Java, Madura, Bawean
        Pygmy Hog (S. salvanius) Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan, NE India
      - African Bush Pig/Red River Hog (Potamochoerus)
        
        African Bush Pig/Red River Hog (P. porcus) S Sahara Africa
      - Giant Forest Hog (Hylochoerus)
        
        Giant Forest Hog (H. meinertzhageni) Liberia, SW Ethiopia, N Tanzania
      - Wart Hog (Phacochoerus)
        
        Wart Hog (P. aethiopicus) S Sahara Africa
      - Babirusa (Babyrousa)
        
        Babirusa (B. babyrussa) Sulawesi, Togian Island, Sula Island, Buru Island
    - Tayassuids (Tayassuidae)
      - (Perchoerus) North America. Late Eocene and later.
        
        (P. pristinus)
        (P. probus)
        (P. sp.)
        (P. trichaeus)
      - (Mylohyus) North America. Pleistocene.
        
        (M. elmorei)
        (M. floridanus)
        (M. fossilis)
        (M. longirostris)
      - (Platygonus) Pleistocene, until 12,000 years ago. Large peccary.
        
        Flat-Headed Peccary (P. compressus) 60" long.
        (P. bicalcaratus)
        (P. cumberlandensis) Largest peccary ever discovered, almost 3 feet tall, 130 pounds.
        (P. scagliarum)
        (P. pearcei) The Chacoan Peccary is this fossil's closest living relative.
      - Chacoan Peccary (Catagonus)
        
        Chacoan Peccary (C. wagneri) Gran Chaco region of SE Bolivia, Paraguay, N Argentina. Pleistocene-present. Discovered in 1975.
      - Collared and White-lipped Peccaries (Tayassu)
        
        Collared Peccary (T. tajacu) Arizona & Texas to N Argentina. Can live more than 24 years.
        White-Lipped Peccary (T. pecari) S Mexico to NE Argentina.