[Syrian flag 1958-1961]

SIRIA

CRONOLOGIA 

1516                       Parte del Imperio Otomano.
Feb 1799 - Jun 1799        Ocupación francesa de parte de las costas de Siria.
27 May 1832                Anexionada por Egipto (nominalmente bajo soberanía Otomana).
10 Oct 1840                Restaurado el gobierno directo otomano.
30 Sep 1918                Independencia.
25 Oct 1918 - 21 Nov 1919  Ocupación anglo/francesa, dividida en zona sur británica
                           (Palestina), zona francesa (Líbano y costas de Siria),y 
                           zona interior árabe (Siria).
 8 Mar 1920                Reino de Siria
24 Jul 1920                Francia ocupa Damasco y Aleppo.
 1 Sep 1920                Estado de Gran Líbano (parte de Siria francesa).
 1 Dic 1920                Estado de Damasco y Estado de Aleppo
                           (bajo mandato francés).
26 Jul 1922                Siria bajo mandato francés de la Liga de Naciones.
28 Jun 1922                Unión de Estados Sirios.
 1 Ene 1925                Estado de Siria.
11 Jun 1932                República Siria.
23 Jul 1939                Francia cede Hatay (Alexandretta) a Turquía.
10 Jul 1939                Estado de Siria.
10 Jun 1940 - 21 Jun 1941  Administración leal a Vichy francés. 
                           (desde 21 Jun 1941, Francia Libre).
21 Jun 1941 - 15 Abr 1946  Ocupada por tropas británicas y francesas libres.
16 Sep 1941                República Siria.
 1 Ene 1944                Declarada independencia de Francia.
17 Abr 1946                Independencia reconocida por Francia.
22 Feb 1958 - 28 Sep 1961  Parte de la República Árabe Unida.
28 Sep 1961                República Árabe Siria.
10 Jun 1967                Israel ocupa los Altos del Golan (anexionados en 1982).

Walis (Gobernadores) de Damasco

Sep 1516                   Yunus Pasha                       

Oct 1516 - 1517            Shihab ad-Din Ahma ibn Yahya

1517 - 1518                Nuh Celebi (acting)

Mar 1518 - 1521            Djanbirdi al-Ghazali

1521 - 1522                Ayas Mehmed Pasha 

1522 - 1523                Ferhad Pasha

Jun 1523 - 1525            Hurram Pasha

Ene 1525 - 1526            Süleyman Pasha at-Tawash 

Ago 1526 - 1528            Lufti Pasha (1ª)

May 1528 - 1531            Isabey Pasha Cenderli (1ª)  

Jun 1531 - 1534            Mustafa Ablaq Pasha

Feb 1534 - 1535            Lufti Pasha (2ª)

Jul 1535                   Isabey Pasha (2ª)

Ene 1536 - 1536/37         Mehmed Kuzal Pasha

1536/37  - 1538            Topal Süleyman Pasha

1538 - 1539                Ahmed Pasha

1539 - 1541                Köse Hüsrev Pasha

1541 - 1543                Isa Pasha

1543 - 1545                Piri Pasha (1ª)

1545 - 1500                Hadim Sinan Pasha

1550 - 1551                Piri Pasha (2ª)

1551 - 1552                Mehmed Pasha Teke-adjlu

1552 - 1555                Samsi Ahmed Pasha

1555 - 1561                Hizr Pasha

1561 - 1562/63             Ali Pasha (1ª)

1562/63 - 1563             Hüsrev Pasha

1563 - 1569                Lal Mustafa Pasha 

1569                       Murad Pasha 

1569 - 1570                Ali Pasha (2ª)

1570 - 1571                Ahmed Pasha Isfendiyar-odjlu

1571 - 1574/75             Dervis Pasha                     

1574/75 - 1575             Lala Jafer Pasha

1575 - 157.                Murad Pasha (1ª)

1577 - 1581                Hasan Pasha (1ª)

1581 - 1582                Bahram Pasha

1582 - 1583                Hüseyin Pasha 

1583                       Hasan Pasha (2ª)

1584                       Qobad Süleyman Pasha

                             Ramadan-odjlu

1585                       Hasan Pasha (3ª)

1586                       Oweis Pasha (1ª)

1587                       Mehmed Pasha Ferhad

1588                       Oweis Pasha (2ª)

1589                       Ali Pasha Elvenzade

1590                       Hasan Pasha (4ª)

1590                       Koça Sinan Pasha

1590                       Sinanzade Mehmed Pasha

1591                       Mustafa Pasha

1592                       Halil Pasha

1593                       Çagirci Mehmed Pasha

1594                       Hasan Pasha (5ª)

1594                       Ali Pasha Gostanci

1594                       Murad Pasha (2ª)

1595                       Hüsrev Pasha (1st time)

1596                       Radya Hatunzade Mustafa Pasha

Dic 1597 - 1598            Cigalezade Yusuf Sinan Pasha ibn al-Djaffal

1598                       Ahmed Pasha I

1598                       Ahmed Pasha II

1598/99                    Hüsrev Pasha (2ª)

1599/00                    Seid Mehmed Pasha

1600                       Cigalezade Mahmud Pasha (1ª)

1600/01                    Osman Pasha (1ª)

1602/03                    Ferhad Pasha Bustanci

1603/04                    Osman Pasha (2ª)

1604                       Canbalatzade Mehmed Pasha

1604 - 160.                Mustafa Pasha (2ª)

1607                       Cigalezdade Mahmud (2ª)

1608                       Mehmed Pasha

1608                       Sufi Sinan Pasha at-Talki

Abr 1609 - 1615            Hafiz Ahmed Pasha (1ª)

Feb 1615 - 161.            Silidar Mehmed Pasha

1618                       Mehmed Pasha al-Djuqadar

1618                       Hafiz Ahmed (2ª)

1619                       Mustafa Pasha

1620                       Süleyman Pasha Kalwin

1621                       Murteza Pasha Bustanci

1622/23                    Mehmed Pasha Rushand

1623/24                    Mustafa Pasha al-Hannaq

1624/25                    Nigdeli Mustafa Pasha Nakzami

1625/26                    Gürci Mehmed Pasha

1626/27                    Tayyar-odjlu Mehmed Pasha

1628                       Küçük Ahmed Pasha (1ª)

1629                       Mustafa Pasha (1ª)

1630                       Nawaya Mehmed Pasha

1631?                      Süleyman Pasha

1632                       Ilyas Pasha

1633                       Deli Yusuf Pasha (3 días)

1635 - 1636                Küçük Ahmed Pasha (2ª)

1636 - 163.                Drevish Mehmed Pasha

1638                       Mustafa Pasha (2ª)

1639                       Cifteli Osman Pasha

1640                       Mehmed Pasha 

1641                       Serci Ahmed Pasha

1642                       Melek Ahmed Pasha 

1643                       Sultanzade Mehmed Pasha Ghawan Qabughi

1643                       Silihdar Yusuf Pasha (1ª)

1644                       Gürçü Mehmed Pasha (1ª)

1645                       Ibrahim Pasha

1645                       Mehmed Pasha Salami (3 días)

1646                       Gürcê Mehmed (2ª)

1646                       Silihadar Yusuf Pasha (2ª)

1647                       Sufi Murteza Pasha

1648                       Sofu Mehmed Pasha 

1649                       Damad Ibshir Mustafa Pasha 

1649                       Mehmed Pasha

1650                       Silihdar Murteza Pasha (1ª)

1650                       Shivasly Mustafa Pasha

1651                       Ak Mehmed Pasha 

1652                       Mehmed Pasha (2ª)

1653                       Defterdarzade Mehmed Pasha

1655                       Gazi Pasha Shahsuvar-odjlu

1655                       Kara Murad Pasha

1655 - 1656                Köprülü Mehmed Pasha

1656                       Mehmed Pasha Boyunu-igri 

1656                       Mustafa Pasha 

1657/58                    Silihdar Murteza Pasha (2ª)

1658                       Tayyardzade Mehmed Pasha

1659 - 1661                Köprülü Fazil Ahmed Pasha

1661 - 1663                Sulayman Pasha II

1663 - 1665                Ribleli Mustafa Pasha

1665 - 1666                Salih Pasha I

1666 - 1667                Qara Mustafa Pasha

1667 - 1669                Mehmed Pasha Chewish Oglu

1669 - 1671                Ibrahim Pasha Shaytan

1671 - 1672                Abazekh Husein Pasha (1ª)

1672 - 1673                Qara Mehmed Pasha

1673 - 1674                Ibrahim Pasha Shushman

1674 - 1675                Qer Husein Pasha

1675 - 1676                Ibrahim Pasha II

1676 - 1679                Osman Pasha Bustardji (1ª)

1679 - 1683                Abazekh Husein Pasha (2ª)

1684                       Ibrahim Pasha III

1684 - 1685                Osman Pasha Bustardji (2ª)

1686 - 1687                Kaplan Pasha

1687 - 1688                Arab Salih Pasha

1688 - 1689                Hamza Pasha

1689 - 1690                Silihdar Mustafa Pasha

1690 - 1691                Murtaza Pasha

1691 - 1692                Gurdju Mehmed Pasha III

1693 - 1694                Ibshir Mustafa Pasha

1695 - 1696                Silihdar Osman Pasha

1696 - 1697                Silihdar Buuqli Mustafa Pasha

1697 - 1698                Ahmad Pasha Hacigirai

1700/01                    Silihdar Hasan Pasha

1701/02                    Arslan Mehmed Pasha Matracy-odjlu (1ª)

1702                       Salih Agha (interino)

1702/03                    Mehmed Pasha Kurd Badjram Pasha-odjlu (1st time)

1703                       Osman Pasha Arnavud

1703/04                    Arslan Mehmed Pasha Matracy-odjlu (2ª)

1703/04                    Mustafa Pasha

1704/05                    Firari Hüseyin Pasha

1705/06                    Mehmed Pasha Kurd Badjram Pasha-odjlu (2nd time)

1706                       Baltaci Süleyman Pasha

1707                       Yusuf Pasha Qubtan Helvaci

1707?                      Halebli Hüseyin Pasha

1708 - 1714                Osmanzade Nasuh Pasha Aydin

1714                       Cerkes Mehmed Pasha

1714 (80 días)             Mehmed Pasha 

1715                       Topal Yusuf Pasha

1716                       Nevsehirli Damad Ibrahim Pasha    

Ene 1717 – Dic 1717        Köprülüzade Abd Allah 

1718                       Reçeb Pasha 

1718                       Matuqzade Osman Pasha, Abu Tawq (1ª)

1719                       Küçük Osman Pasha

1721/22                    Ali Pasha Maqtul-odjlu

Ene 1723 – Dic 1724        Matuqzade Osman (2ª)

Mar 1725 - 1730            Azamzade Ismail Pasha 

1730                       Osman Agha (interino)

1730                       Kara Süleyman Agha (interino)

1730/31                    Aidinli Abd Allah Pasha

Ene 1734 – 1738            Azamzade Suleyman Pasha (1ª)

1738                       Hüseyin Pasha

1739                       Matuqzade Osman Pasha, Abu Tawq (2ª)

1740                       Abdi Pashazade Ali Pasha

1741 – 1743                Azamzade Süleyman Pasha (2ª)

1743 - 1757                Azamzade Esad Pasha 

1757                       Mekkizade Hüseyin Pasha

1758/59                    Abd Allah Pasha

1760                       Ishalyq Mehmed Pasha

1760 – 1771                Uthman Pash al-Kurzi

1771 - 1772                Azamzade Mehmed Pasha (1ª)

1772 - 1773                Hafiz Mustafa Pasha Bustanci 

1773 – 1783                Azamzade Mehmed Pasha (2ª)

1783                       Osmanzade Mehmed Pasha

1783 - 1784                Osmanzade Dervish Pasha

1784 – 1786                Ahmed Pasha al-Djazzar (1ª) 

1786                       Hüseyin Pasha Battal             

1787 - 1788                Abdi Pasha

1788 - 17..                Ibrahim Oasha al-Halabi

1790 - 1795                Ahmed Pasha al-Djazzar (2ª) 

1795 - 1798                Azamzade Abdallah Pasha (1ª)

1798 - 1799                Ahmed Pasha al-Djazzar (3ª) 

1799 - 1803                Azamzade Abdallah Pasha (2ª) 

1803 - 1804                Ahmed Pasha al-Djazzar (4ª) 

1804?- 1807                Azamzade Abdallah Pasha (3ª) 

1807 - 1810                Kunj Yusuf Pasha

1810 - 1811                Süleyman Pasha 

1812 - 1813?               Süleyman Pasha Silahdar 

1818                       Salih Pasha

18.. - 1821                Abdallah Pasha

1821 – 1822                Dervish Mehmed Pasha

1822 – 182.                Mustafa Pasha

1828 - 1831                Benderli Selim Sirri Pasha        

27 May 1832 - Jun 1832     Ibrahim Pasha -comandante egipcio-

1831 - Jun 1832            Ahmed Bey -gobernador militar y civil-

Nov 1832 - 183.            Muhammed Sharif Pasha

Oct 1840 - 1841            Izzet Mehmed Pasha (1ª)

Goberandores Militares

1841 - 1844                Mehmed Reshid Pasha 

1845 - 1846                Mehmed Namiq Pasha 

Walis

1841 – 1844                Mirza Said Pasha

1845 - 1846                Riza Pasha 

1846                       Musa Sefveti Pasha

1848                       Namiq Pasha (1ª)

1850                       Said Pasha

1852                       Osman Pasha

1852                       Izzet Mehmed Pasha (2ª)

1852                       Açaf Pasha

1854 - 1855                Arif Mehmed Pasha                 

1855                       Namiq Pasha (2ª)

1856                       Mahmud Nedim Pasha                

1857                       Izzet Mehmed Pasha (3ª)

1858                       Ali Pasha

1860                       Moamer Pasha

1860 - 1861                Keçecizade Mehmed Fuad Pasha     

1861                       Ahmed Pasha

1861 – 1862                Emin Muhlis Pasha

1862 - 1864                Mehmed Reshid Pasha

1864 - 1865                Mütercim Mehmed Rüstü Pasha       

1865 - 1871                Reshid Pasha                     

1871 - 1873                Subhi Pasha

1873                       Sherif Mehmed Re'uf Pasha        

1874 - 1875                Esad Pasha

1875 - 1876                Ahmed Hamdi Pasha (1ª)      

1876                       Ahmed Pasha?

1878                       Küçük Ömer Fevzi Pasha           

Nov 1878 – Ago 1879        Ali Haydar Midhat Pasha          

1880 - 1885                Hamdi Pasha 

1893 – 189.                Sherif Mehmed Re'uf Pasha

1894 – 1895                Haci Osman Nuri Pasha

1896 - 1897                Hasan Pasha

1897 - 1906                Nazim Pasha

Mar 1906 – 1909            Shukri Pasha

1909 – 1911                Ismail Fâzil Bey

1911 - 1912                Ismail Ghâlib Bey

1912 - 1913                Kiazim Pasha

1913                       Arif Bey

1915 – 1916                Azmi Pasha

1916 – 30 Sep 1918         Tahsin Bey

Jefes de Gobierno

30 Sep 1918                Muhammad Sa`id al-Jaza´iri

30 Sep 1918 -  5 Oct 1918  `Ali Rida Basha ar-Rikabi         

 5 Oct 1918 -  8 Mar 1920  Faysal ibn al-Hussein al-Hashimi  

Rey

 8 Mar 1920 - 28 Jul 1920  Faysal ibn al-Hussein al-Hashimi  

Jefes de Estado provisionales

28 Jul 1920 - 21 Ago 1920  `Ala´ ad-Din ad-Durubi Basha      

 4 Sep 1920 - 30 Nov 1920  Jamil al-Ulshi                    

Gobernadores

30 Nov 1920 - 28 Jun 1922  Gobernadores de Estados del Levante

Jefes de Estado

28 Jun 1922 - 21 Dic 1925  Subhi Bay Barakat al-Khalidi        

 9 Feb 1926 - 28 Abr 1926  Marie François Julien Pierre-Alype (interino)

28 Apr 1926 - 15 Feb 1928  Damad-i Shahriyari Ahmad Nami Bay 

15 Feb 1928 - 19 Nov 1931  Shaykh Taj ad-Din al-Hasani (interino)     

Presidentes

11 Jun 1932 - 21 Dic 1936  Muhammad `Ali Bay al-`Abid        

21 Dec 1936 -  7 Jul 1939  Hashim Khalid al-Atassi (1st time)

 7 Jul 1939 - 10 Jul 1939  Nasuhi Salim al-Bukhari (acting)  

10 Jul 1939 -  4 Abr 1941  Bahij ad-Din al-Khatib

                           (presidente del Consejo de Comisionados)

 4 Abr 1941 - 16 Sep 1941  Khalid al-`Azm (interino)           

16 Sep 1941 - 17 Ene 1943  Shaykh Taj ad-Din al-Hasani     

17 Ene 1943 - 25 Mar 1943  Jamil al-Ulshi (interino)          

25 Mar 1943 - 17 Ago 1943  `Ata´ Bay al-Ayyubi (Jefe de Estado)

17 Ago 1943 - 30 Mar 1949  Shukri al-Kuwatli (1ª)       

30 Mar 1949 - 14 Ago 1949  Husni az-Zaim                     

14 Ago 1949 - 15 Ago 1949  Muhammad Sami Hilmi al-Hinnawi   

                           (presidente del Consejo Supremo Militar)

15 Ago 1949 -  2 Dic 1951  Hashim Khalid al-Atassi(2ª)(Jefe de Estado)

 2 Dic 1951 -  3 Dic 1951  Adib ash-Shishakli (1ª)     

                           (presidente del Consejo Supremo Militar)

 3 Dic 1951 - 11 Jul 1953  Fawzi as-Silu (Jefe de Estado)    

11 Jul 1953 - 25 Feb 1954  Adib ash-Shishakli (2ª)    

26 Feb 1954 - 28 Feb 1954  Maamun al-Kuzbari (1ª)(interino) 

28 Feb 1954 -  6 Sep 1955  Hashim Khalid al-Atassi (3ª)

 6 Sep 1955 - 22 Feb 1958  Shukri al-Kuwatli (2ª)    

22 Feb 1958 - 28 Sep 1961  Parte de la República Árabe Unida

29 Sep 1961 - 20 Nov 1961  Maamun al-Kuzbari (2ª)(interino)

20 Nov 1961 - 14 Dic 1961  Izzat an-Nuss (interino)          

14 Dic 1961 -  8 Mar 1963  Nazim al-Kudsi                   

 9 Mar 1963 - 27 Jul 1963  Louai al-Atassi                  

                           (presidente Consejo Comando Nacional Revolucionario)

27 Jul 1963 - 23 Feb 1966  Muhammad Amin al-Hafez           

                           (presidente Consejo Comando Nacional Revolucionario 

                           hasta 13 May 1964, luego pdte. Consejo Presidencial)

25 Feb 1966 - 18 Nov 1970  Nureddin Mustafa al-Atassi (Jefe de Estado) 

18 Nov 1970 - 22 Feb 1971  Sayyid Ahmed al-Hasan al-Khatib(Jefe de Estado)

22 Feb 1971 - 10 Jun 2000  Hafez Ali Sulayman al-Assad (interino hasta 14 Mar 1971) 

10 Jun 2000 - 17 Jul 2000  Abdul-Halim Khaddam (interino)

17 Jul 2000 -              Bashar al-Assad