MARIA EUGENIA VILORIA ORTIN

http://www.oocities.org/es/mariaeugeniaviloriaortin | mevo66@hotmail.com

 

INGLÉS BÁSICO INTENSIVO

Trabajo Nº 5 – Cohorte Nº 32062

 

 

Traditional grammar classifies words based on eight parts of speech: the verb, the noun, the pronoun, the adjective, the adverb, the preposition, the conjunction, and the interjection.

Each part of speech explains not what the word is, but how the word is used. In fact, the same word can be a noun in one sentence and a verb or adjective in the next. The next few examples show how a word's part of speech can change from one sentence to the next, and following them is a series of sections on the individual parts of speech, followed by an exercise.

  • Books are made of ink, paper, and glue.

 

(Los libros están hechos de tinta, papel, y pegamento)

In this sentence, "books" is a noun, the subject of the sentence.

  • Deborah waits patiently while Bridget books the tickets.

 

(Deborah espera pacientemente mientras Bridget reserva los boletos)

Here "books" is a verb, and its subject is "Bridget."

  • We walk down the street.

 

(Nosotros caminamos calle abajo)

In this sentence, "walk" is a verb, and its subject is the pronoun "we".

  • The mail carrier stood on the walk.

 

(El cartero hizo un alto en el camino)

In this example, "walk" is a noun, which is part of a prepositional phrase describing where the mail carrier stood.

 

  • The town decided to build a new jail.

 

(El pueblo decidió construir una cárcel)

 

Here "jail" is a noun, which is the object of the infinitive phrase "to build."

  • The sheriff told us that if we did not leave town immediately he would jail us.

 

(El sheriff nos dijo que si no saliéramos de la ciudad inmediatamente nos encarcelaría)

Here "jail" is part of the compound verb "would jail."

  • They heard high pitched cries in the middle of the night.

 

(Escucharon los gritos agudos en medio de la noche)

In this sentence, "cries" is a noun acting as the direct object of the verb "heard."

  • The baby cries all night long and all day long.

 

El bebé llora todo el día y toda la noche

But here "cries" is a verb that describes the actions of the subject of the sentence, the baby.

 

The next few sections explain each of the parts of speech in detail. When you have finished, you might want to test yourself by trying the exercise.

Review: Parts of Speech

·        Identify the part of speech of the highlighted word in each of the following sentences:

  1. The clown chased a dog around the ring and then fell flat on her face.
    1. Verb
    2. Noun
    3. Pronoun
    4. Adjective
    5. Adverb
    6. Preposition
    7. Conjunction
    8. Interjection

 

  1. The geese indolently waddled across the intersection.
    1. Verb
    2. Noun
    3. Pronoun
    4. Adjective
    5. Adverb
    6. Preposition
    7. Conjunction
    8. Interjection

 

  1. Yikes! I'm late for class.
    1. Verb
    2. Noun
    3. Pronoun
    4. Adjective
    5. Adverb
    6. Preposition
    7. Conjunction
    8. Interjection

 

  1. Bruno's shabby thesaurus tumbled out of the book bag when the bus suddenly pulled out into traffic.
    1. Verb
    2. Noun
    3. Pronoun
    4. Adjective
    5. Adverb
    6. Preposition
    7. Conjunction
    8. Interjection

 

  1. Mr. Frederick angrily stamped out the fire that the local hooligans had started on his verandah.
    1. Verb
    2. Noun
    3. Pronoun
    4. Adjective
    5. Adverb
    6. Preposition
    7. Conjunction
    8. Interjection

 

  1. Later that summer, she asked herself, "What was I thinking of?"
    1. Verb
    2. Noun
    3. Pronoun
    4. Adjective
    5. Adverb
    6. Preposition
    7. Conjunction
    8. Interjection

 

  1. She thought that the twenty zucchini plants would not be enough so she planted another ten.
    1. Verb
    2. Noun
    3. Pronoun
    4. Adjective
    5. Adverb
    6. Preposition
    7. Conjunction
    8. Interjection

 

  1. Although she gave hundreds of zucchini away, the enormous mound left over frightened her.
    1. Verb
    2. Noun
    3. Pronoun
    4. Adjective
    5. Adverb
    6. Preposition
    7. Conjunction
    8. Interjection

 

  1. Everywhere she went, she talked about the prolific veggies.
    1. Verb
    2. Noun
    3. Pronoun
    4. Adjective
    5. Adverb
    6. Preposition
    7. Conjunction
    8. Interjection

 

  1. The manager confidently made his presentation to the board of directors.
    1. Verb
    2. Noun
    3. Pronoun
    4. Adjective
    5. Adverb
    6. Preposition
    7. Conjunction
    8. Interjection

 

  1. Frankenstein is the name of the scientist, not the monster.
    1. Verb
    2. Noun
    3. Pronoun
    4. Adjective
    5. Adverb
    6. Preposition
    7. Conjunction
    8. Interjection

 

  1. Her greatest fear is that the world will end before she finds a comfortable pair of panty-hose.
    1. Verb
    2. Noun
    3. Pronoun
    4. Adjective
    5. Adverb
    6. Preposition
    7. Conjunction
    8. Interjection

 

  1. That suitcase is hers.
    1. Verb
    2. Noun
    3. Pronoun
    4. Adjective
    5. Adverb
    6. Preposition
    7. Conjunction
    8. Interjection

 

  1. Everyone in the room cheered when the announcement was made.
    1. Verb
    2. Noun
    3. Pronoun
    4. Adjective
    5. Adverb
    6. Preposition
    7. Conjunction
    8. Interjection

 

  1. The sun was shining as we set out for our first winter camping trip.
    1. Verb
    2. Noun
    3. Pronoun
    4. Adjective
    5. Adverb
    6. Preposition
    7. Conjunction
    8. Interjection

 

  1. Small children often insist that they can do it by themselves.
    1. Verb
    2. Noun
    3. Pronoun
    4. Adjective
    5. Adverb
    6. Preposition
    7. Conjunction
    8. Interjection

 

  1. Dust covered every surface in the locked bedroom.
    1. Verb
    2. Noun
    3. Pronoun
    4. Adjective
    5. Adverb
    6. Preposition
    7. Conjunction
    8. Interjection

 

  1. The census taker knocked loudly on all the doors but nobody was home.
    1. Verb
    2. Noun
    3. Pronoun
    4. Adjective
    5. Adverb
    6. Preposition
    7. Conjunction
    8. Interjection

 

  1. They wondered if there truly was honour among thieves.
    1. Verb
    2. Noun
    3. Pronoun
    4. Adjective
    5. Adverb
    6. Preposition
    7. Conjunction
    8. Interjection

20. Exciting new products and effective marketing strategies will guarantee the company's success.

    1. Verb
    2. Noun
    3. Pronoun
    4. Adjective
    5. Adverb
    6. Preposition
    7. Conjunction
    8. Interjection

 

SUMMARY OF PARTS OF SPEECH

 

Part of Speech

Use

Examples

Noun

takes the place of a noun

Maria had an idea.

Pronoun

modifies a noun or pronoun

He is cute.

Adjective

shows action or state of being

He is a Mexican boy.

Verb

modifies a verb, adjective, or adverb

Ada has met you.

Adverb

relates a noun or pronoun to another word

We left early.

Preposition

joins words or groups of words

We looked for you.

Conjunction

shows strong feeling

Bill or she will call.

Interjection

 

Ouch! My arm hurts.