12 pains of christmas
The major limitation of generic HRQL instruments is that they do not assess potential condition-specific domains of HRQL. 12 pains of christmas Information about arthritis. Because of this, they may not be sensitive enough to detect subtle treatment effects. For example, a SF-36 assessment of an arthritis patient will not provide a great deal of information on important aspects of the illness such as the effect of joint pain, stiffness and related symptoms on function, attitude, and mood. The second approach to measuring HRQL involves the use of instruments that are specific to a disease (e. 12 pains of christmas Back pain relief. g. , osteoporosis), a population (e. g. 12 pains of christmas Lower back pain exercise. , the elderly), or clinical problem (e. g. , pain). Measures geared toward specific diseases or populations are likely to be more sensitive, and therefore, to have greater relevance to practicing clinicians. The Arthritis Impact Measurement Scale (AIMS)(9) is a prime example of an arthritis-specific HRQL instrument that has been developed. The AIMS measures physical, social, and emotional well-being along 9 dimensions including dexterity, mobility, pain, physical and social activity, and depression and anxiety. Whether disease-specific instruments provide "better" assessments of HRQL than generic instruments depends on the purpose of the assessment. Disease-specific instruments are likely to be more powerful at detecting treatment effects than are generic instruments. Thus, there is some consensus among quality of life researchers that both generic and disease-specific instruments should be used to provide the most comprehensive assessment of HRQL possible(10). (top of page) Arthritis and HRQL There is a great deal of information suggesting that arthritis has a devastating effect on HRQL(5). One recent large survey makes this point well. Data from 32,322 adults in 11 states from the 1998 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey (BRFSS), a health survey given annually in the United States, indicates that adults with arthritis report significantly greater HRQL impairment compared to adults without arthritis(11). Specifically, those who have arthritis reported fair to poor health approximately three times more often than did those without arthritis (28. 6% vs. 8. 3%). They also reported a significantly greater number of days when physical and mental health were not good, and when usual activities were limited.
12 pains of christmas
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