Pakistan-zindabad

Pakistan is mostly a dry region characterized by great extremes of elevation and temperature. Its topography is partly divided by the, which enters the country in the northeast and flows south into the Arabian Sea. The Indus forms in general the line of demarcation between the two main landforms of the country, namely, the Indus Valley, which extends principally along the eastern side of the river, and the Baluchistan Highlands, which lie to the west. Three lesser landforms of Pakistan are the coastal plain, which is a narrow strip of land bordering the Arabian Sea; the Kharan Basin, which is west of the Baluchistan Highlands; and the Thar Desert, which straddles the border with India in the southeast.

The Indus Valley in Pakistan varies in width from about 80 to 320 km (about 50 to 200 mi); from north to south it includes portions of two main regions, namely, the Punjab Plain and the Sind Plain. The Punjab region is drained by the Sutlej, Ravi, Chenab, and Jhelum rivers, which are tributaries of the Indus; these rivers supply the irrigation system that waters the Indus Valley.

The Baluchistan Highlands contain a series of mountain ranges; among these are the Tobakakar Range, the Siahan Range, the Sulaiman Range, and the Kirthar Range. The highest peak in the highlands is Tirich Mir (7,690 m/25,230 ft), located in the Hindu Kush mountains in the north. The Safed Koh is pierced by the Khyber Pass on the Pakistan-Afghanistan border. The highest peak in Pakistan is (also known as Mount Godwin Austen). Rising 8,611 m (28,251 ft) above sea level in the Karakoram Range, the peak is located in the region of Kashmir that Pakistan controls. K2 is the second highest mountain in the world, behind Mount Everest.