GM farm scale trials
Some thoughts:
2003 is the final year of the farmscale GM trials in the UK.
The trials compare the effects of herbicide use on GM crops
and on conventional crops. This is because
one of the
environmental concerns about herbicide tolerant GM crops was that
farmers would use the opportunity
to wipe out everything that wasn't a GM crop.
Herbicide tolerance means that the GM crops are resistant
to a broad spectrum herbicide such as roundup or
glyphosate ammonium (coincidentally made by the
same companies that produce the GM seed . These are chemicals which
kill virtually all plants. Up till now non-organic farmers have used a variety of
herbicides to kill different types of weed.
The biotechnology companies claim that herbicide tolerant GM crops
will cause farmers to use less herbicide.
This is like McDonalds claiming that people would eat less
junk food if they swapped KFC for big macs.
In practice it hasn't happened in the USA
(despite what the biotech lobby has been claiming).
Also consider long term effects. A farmer grows Roundup
resistant oil seed rape
(OSR). OSR is a weed in the wrong place. "Volunteer" plants will
spring up in any subsequent crop. If the farmer
is sensible and rotates his crops, he will have herbicide
resistant oil seed rape growing in his next crop, which
will probably mean he uses some other herbicide to eradicate it.
Maybe the farmer will choose crop rotations with successive crops
resistant to different herbicides!
So much for only using one herbicide. Alternatively he can just grow
roundup ready year after year on the same soil (which is probably
what the biotech companies want). This will innevitably lead to
a build up of pests and disease which will have to be zapped
with a whole cocktail of insecticides, nematicides, fungicides etc.
Anyway, from looking at the GM fields, it seems as though in
some cases the weeds have been allowed to flourish, while in the
conventional crop they have all been zapped. Why might this be?
Perhaps the trials are actually comparing the biodiversity in a GM crop
which has had one light application of herbicide late in the
season, and the biodiversity in a conventional crop which
has had lots of herbicide sprayed on it. Looking in my
crystal ball, I see a government minister announcing the results
of the trials, claiming that GM crops are
good for wildlife, and maybe blustering something about improved
diversity of Rumex and Taraxacumspecies
[docks and dandylions to the uninitiated]. This will give the go ahead
for commercial planting of GM crops, by farmers who
will not of course let their crop get choked by weeds,
but instead spray the whole field at the earliest possible stage,
and wipe out
everything except the herbicide resistant plants.
Back to main page