The Glydian Language

Şo Gliedische Razde



 
	•  History 	
	•  Phonology 	
	•  Orthography 	
	•  Grammar 
		•  Nouns 
		•  Adjectives 
		•  Pronouns 
		•  Articles 
		•  Verbs 	
	•  Vocabulary 	
	•  Texts 		
		•  John 3:16 
		•  The Lord's Prayer 
		•  The Babel Text




History



Glydian is a neogothic language descended from the classic gothic, (wulfilan and biblical gothic.)
It differs from the classic gothic in phonology/pronunciation, grammar, vocabulary and orthography, and is thought to be a modern germanic language.
Since this is an artificial language is it based on my ideas on the changes that could've taken place. These ideas are based on some suggestions on the pronunciation in modern versions of classic gothic made by members of the gothic-l.
To visit the gothic-l, click here! .
Besides these ideas I have added changes in grammar etc. as mentioned above. These will be dealt with below.

The name glydian is an english form of the glydian word 'gliedische'.
This is the weak neutral singular form of gliedisch, because of an implied meaning 'şo gliedische razde'.
The origin of the word is the classic gothic word 'galiudisks'.



Phonology



Ê [e:] > ei [i:] E.g. mêna > meine [mi:ne] = moon

Ô [o:] > u [u:] E.g. blôş > blud [blu:t] = blood

Unstressed a in final syllable becomes like e in German and English -er, -en. E.g. atta > atte = father

Ş [ş] becomes voiced intervocalic. E.g. brôşar > bruder [bru:ğer] = brother

In final position ş becomes [t], spelt d. E.g. staş > stad [stat] = place

Initially befor a consonant ş becomes t. E.g. şrigkan > trigken [trinken] = drink

Initially befor a vowel ş remains. E.g. şairh > şerkh [şerx] = through

Hv becomes in all positions [w]. E.g. hveit > weit [wi:t] = white; saihvan > sewen [sewen] = to see

The diphthong ai becomes [e:]. E.g. hrain > ren [re:n] = clean

The diphthong au becomes [o:]. E.g. nauş > nod [no:t] = emergency

The diphthong iu becomes [i:]. E.g. biudan > bieden [bi:ğen] = bid, offer

Inital h befor consonant is lost. E.g. hlaif > lef [le:f] = bread

Initian h before vowel is lost. E.g. hus > hus [u:s] = house Based on these changes some other occur which change it further.





Orthography



Glydian is written with cyrillic letters. Those use in russian and other eastern european languages today.
The orthography is mostly based on the pronunciation and influenced by classic wulfilan gothic.
A long vowel is not spelled in any special way except long i which can be either ei or ie.
The way to spell the ng-sound in classic gothic is one thing that is remained.
So we have gg [ngg], gk [ngk] and gq [ngkw].




Grammar



The three genders remain but the cases are reduced to three and dual in pronouns is lost.
The cases are now nominative, objective and genitive.

Nouns


Masculine nouns are declined as follows:

A-stems Ja-stems Ja-stems Wa-stems I-stems U-stems R-stems Weak nouns Nd-stems Con.-stems
Singular
Nominative dag herdi hari şü arm sunu bruuder gume frijund manne
Objective dage herde häre şiwe arme suno bruudre gumin frijund mann
Genitive dagis herdis häris şiwis armis sunos bruudris gumins frijundis manns
Plural
Nominative dagus herdus härus şiwus armis sünus brüdrus gumens frijunds mannens
Objective dagem herdem härem şiwem armim sunum bruudrum gumem frijundem mannem
Genitive dagi herdi häri şiwi armi sunwi bruudri gumeni frijundi manni


Feminine nouns are declined as follows:

O-stems Jo-stems I-stems U-stems R-stems Weak nouns Weak nouns Con.-stems
Singular
Nominative give süne socht handu dochter tuggu mari borg
Objective give süne sochte hando dochtre tuggun marin borg
Genitive givus sünus sochtes handos dochtres tugguns marins borgs
Plural
Nominative givus sünus sochtis händus döchtrus tugguns marins borgs
Objective givum sünum sochtim handum dochtrum tuggum marim borgim
Genitive givu sünu sochti handwi dochtri tuggunu marinu borgi


Neutral nouns are declined as follows:

A-stems Ja-stems Ja-stems Wa-stems Weak nouns
Singular
Nominative word reiki kuni knü hertu
Objective worde reike küne kniwe hertin
Genitive wordis reikis künis kniwis hertins
Plural
Nominative worde reike küne kniwe hertune
Objective wordem reikem künem kniwem hertem
Genitive wordi reiki küni kniwi herteni


Adjectives


Strong declension:

Masculine Feminine Neutral Plural
Nominative blind blinde blindete blinde
Objective blindemme blinde blindemme blindem
Genitive blindis blindesus blindis blindesi


Weak declension:

Masculine Feminine Neutral Plural
Nominative blinde blindu blindu blindens
Objective blindin blindun blindin blindem
Genitive blindins blinduns blindins blindeni


Pronouns


The personal pronouns are declined as follows:

Nom. Obj. Gen.
Singular
1st ik mis meine
2nd şu şus şeine
3rd m is imme is
3rd f si ise isus
3rd n ite imme is
reflexive - sis seine
Plural
1st weis unsis unsere
2nd jus iswis iswere
3rd eis im isi


The possessive pronouns are declined like strong adjectives. See these above.

Articles


The indefinite article 'een' is declined like strong adjectives. See these above.

The definite article is declined as follows:

Masculine Feminine Neutral Plural
Nominative şa şuu şate şee
Objective şamme şise şamme şeem
Genitive şis şisus şis şisi


Verbs


Future tense is made with present tense of 'skulen' + infinitive. E.g. Ik skall beiden = I will wait.
Perfect and pluperfect tenses are made with present or past tense of 'haven' (and sometimes 'wisen') + perf.part.
E.g. Ik have biden. = I have waited; Ik havede biden = I had waited.
Strong verbs:

There are seven classes of strong verbs.

Infinitive Pret. sing. Pret. plur. Perf. part.
Class I beiden beed bidum biden
Class II drüsen droos drusum drusen
Class III binden band bundum bunden
Class III werpen warp worpum worpen
Class IV nimen nam neimum numen
Class IV beren bar beirum boren
Class V iten at eitum iten
Class VI faren fuur fuurum faren
Class VII sleipen sesleip sesleipum sleipen


Present tense
nimen iten sleipen
Singular
1st nime ite sleipe
2nd nimis itis sleipis
3rd nimid itid sleipid
Plural
1st nimem item sleipem
2nd nimid itid sleipid
3rd nimend itend sleipend


Preterite tense
nimen iten sleipen
Singular
1st nam at sesleip
2nd namt ast sesleipt
3rd nam at sesleip
Plural
1st neimum eitum sesleipum
2nd neimud eitud sesleipud
3rd neimun eitun sesleipun


Weak verbs:

There are four classes of weak verbs.

Present tense
näsen (1) süken (1) fiskun (2) haven (3) waknen (4)
Singular
1st näse süke fisku have wakne
2nd näsis suukis fiskus haves waknis
3rd näsid suukid fiskud haved waknid
Plural
1st näsem sükem fiskum havem waknem
2nd näsid suukid fiskud haved waknid
3rd näsend sükend fiskund havend waknend


Preterite tense
näsen (1) süken (1) fiskun (2) haven (3) waknen (4)
Singular
1st naside suukide fiskude havede waknude
2nd nasidis suukidis fiskudis havedis waknudis
3rd naside suukide fiskude havede waknude
Plural
1st nasidum suukidum fiskudum havedum waknidum
2nd nasidud suukidud fiskudud havedud waknudud
3rd nasidun suukidun fiskudun havedun waknudun


The verb wisen 'to be'
Present Preterite
Singular
1st im was
2nd is wast
3rd ist was
Plural
1st sijum weisum
2nd sijud weisud
3rd sind weisun






Vocabulary



The vocabulary is based on the words in classic gothic. It contains loanwords from romance languages, greek etc.
Words of international character are in use. E.g. words for tobacco and koala.

Numerals


The numerals are adapted to the decimal system so the old word hund which could've meant 120 now mean 100.

 

	Cardinal			Ordinal
				
0	null			-
1	ita			frume
2	twa			ander
3	trija			tridje
4	fider			fidurde
5	fimf			fimfte
6	ses			sechste
7	sevene			sivunde
8	ate			achtude
9	niene			nünde
				
10	tehene			tehunde
11	elf			elfte
12	twalf			twalfte
13	treistehun			treistehunde
14	fidurtehun			fidurtehunde
15	fimftehun			fimftehunde
16	sechstehun		sechstehunde
17	sivuntehun			sivuntehunde
18	achtutehun		achtutehunde
19	nüntehun			nüntehunde
				
20	tweetig			tweetigste
21	tweetig jach een		tweetigste jach frume
22	tweetig jach twee		tweetigste jach ander
23	tweetig jach treis		tweetigste jach tridje
24	tweetig jach fidur		tweetigste jach fidurde
25	tweetig jach fimf		tweetigste jach fimfte
26	tweetig jach sechs		tweetigste jach sechste
27	tweetig jach sivun		tweetigste jach sivunde
28	tweetig jach achto		tweetigste jach achtude
29	tweetig jach nün		tweetigste jach nünde
				
30	treistig			treistigste
31	treistig jach een		treistigste jach frume
32	treistig jach twee		treistigste jach ander
				
40	fidurtig			fidurtigste
50	fimftig			fimftigste
60	sechstig			sechstigste
70	sivuntig			sivuntigste
80	achtutig			achtutigste
90	nüntig			nüntigste
					
100	hundred


Some words that differ from classic gothic:

Quadu (wn) = language (cf. cg. razda)
Trisken (svIII) = dance (cf. cg. plinsjan)




Texts



John 3:16

Ok Gud liefte ferwo, şat is gaf imme şa enborne sune is.
For was in imme gloved net fraqesten schulen, ak ewege leven haven.

The Lord's Prayer

Atte unser, şu in himine. Heleg sije namo şeinte.
Komme reikhe şeinte. Werde wilje şeine, in himine jakh ane erdon.
Gif unsis şa senteine brod unsere, jakh fragif unsis schuldem unsere,
şanne weis schulem fragiven im, şemi at unsis schuldes havend.
Intute unsis net in frestufne, ak nasede unsis fram uvelen.
Ok reikhe ist şeinte, jakh mato jakh wuldo in ewinen.
Amen.

The Babel Text

1. Jakh şar was in şamme heelin ferwo eenete quadu jach eene radde.
2. Şani eis oosted wratudun, fundun eis eene fuldun in Sinjarlande jach şar eis insatidun.
3. Eis queidun andrem: "Quim, leiteme teigle tön jach imme brännen". Jach eis bruchtun teigel instade steeni,
jach terwu instade leimi.
4. Şan eis queidun: "Quim, leiteme borg timren mid eene torne şuui ufräkid du himine, jach eenete namu tön
for şati weis necht usspridene ufer şise heelun erde werdem".
5. Şanuch steeg şa Frö daled ei şise borg jach torne şeemi mannens timridun sewen.
6. Jach quad şa Frö: "Se, eis sind eene şüde jach havend eenete quadu, jach jeen ist wa du tön dugunnun,
fram himme nu, şiswach munend du tön, necht skall im unmachtig wisen".
7. Leiteme steigen daled ei quadu isi du afhügen, ei necht eenhun şamme andrin fräded.
8. Jach şa Frö spreed im şatru ufer şise heelun erde, şati havend du sweiven şise borg du timren.
9. Dudi si Babel namnide ward, ook şa Frö şar şamme quadin şis heelins ferwos afhugide, şatru şa Frö spreed im ufer şise heelun erde.