THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE CORNER
Gustavo Zapata
LEARNING A FOREIGN LANGUAGE AND TRANSLATION
Many non-native students set out to learn English and after studying
for a long time they feel frustrated for their progress does not match
their effort. Here are some hints about how to boost your learning and
satisfaction.
First thing you should look at is whether you really like English and
translation. Do you really have motivation? If your mind/heart interest
is somewhere else, stop and change your course of studies. You have to
have passion, to really fall in love with your course of studies if you
want to learn. Remember that you are making and investment of time, money,
your parent´s money and your future is at stake. If you are studying
something that you don´t like you are likely to end up at war with
yourself, with your classmates and your own instructors. You have to be
serious about the decisions that you make. Remember that happiness is very
important and that at the end of your studies you are not going to be happy
doing something that you don´t like. Make the changes early in your
career. Don´t wait until you are in the 6th or 8th semester to change
your course of studies. Remember: you have to have passion for what you
are studying, otherwise, you are going to end up being one of the crowd.
GENERAL STRATEGIES
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Schedule. You must have a schedule of your daily activities. On
a piece of paper or your notebook, draw a schedule including all the days
of the week and the semester. Write down all the activities: classes, work,
homework, personal study, social activities, movie time, sports, etc. that
you have everyday. You should include from two to four hours
as a minimum for your English course everyday. Post a copy of this
schedule somewhere visible in your room and carry a copy with you. Look
at everyday and swear to stick to it.
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Evaluate. Evaluate every day the amount of time that you have invested
in learning English and make corrections on time.
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Your room. You must have a room with enough space. Make sure there
is plenty of natural light. Studying in dark rooms will make you almost
blind in a year or less, plus frequent visits to the eye doctor and overcost
of glasses. Your eyes are the biggest treasure a human being can have.
There should also be ventilation. Extreme temperatures can cause discomfort.
Besides, a good seat is a must and make sure it is comfortable. Avoid having
a TV in your room. It will distract you all the time. Your room should
be clean and well organized. Make your your bookcase is loaded with good
books but your desk should be neat and clear.
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Diet. In general, you should eat nutritious food. Avoid junk food,
too much coffee or smoking.. Before entering your classroom, eat well.
If short of cash buy candy or cookies that you can carry in your pocket
and eat in class if possible. A hungry stomach for two hours full of stress
and work can give you an ulcer. With an ulcer in this competitive world
you are in serious trouble. An very important eat at regular hours.
Do not change your eating time frequently or spend long periods of time
with an empty stomach. If necessary walk out of class and get something
to eat. Better grounded than an ulcer.
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Health. Mens sana in Corpore Sano says an old proverb. In
fact if your body is frequently sick, your learning will decrease accordingly.
Do not do things that can make you sick, for example, drinking to excess.
Try to walk to and from school. Walking is a safe way to exercise. Exercise
should be allotted at least one hour everyday.
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Sleep. Sleeping well is a requisite of attention and learning. Avoid
sleeping close to a road with heavy traffic or music places.
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Attitude: You should always be positive. When you walk into the
classroom, smile and leave all your problems and worries behind. A positive
happy mental attitude really boosts your learning.
SPECIFIC STRATEGIES
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Get yourself a good a large monolingual dictionary to use at home and another
medium size to carry to class. You should two more. One large and one medium
size bilingual dictionary. Having a dictionary in class is important because
you will learn to use it faster as you look up increases. By looking up
words in a dictionary, you are doing several positive things: first, you
will be looking at other words and context. You will be looking at pronunciation,
synonyms, spelling and several meanings for the same word. Finally, and
most importantly, you will become a more independent learner. Using your
own dictionary to solve difficult vocabulary is more intelligent than taking
the easy way asking your instructor. This method is not very useful
because there is no effort and no processing. Your brain gets lazy and
dependent on other people to solve problems. Do not forget to take your
dictionary everyday to class. Not having a dictionary in class is like
going to play a soccer game without a soccer ball.
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Do not miss any classes. Your instructor and your classmates will
contribute with spontaneous in situ grammatical, pronunciation, semantic,
lexical, etc. points that are difficult to find in books. Besides, if you
miss a class, you will for sure be at a loss in the next class, you become
confused and loose interest. If this behavior accumulates then you are
a demotivated student bound to fail the course and interest in your studies.
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Buy yourself a large notebook and take down as much information
as you can but be selective. Don´t trust your memory. It vanishes
quickly and the next day about 40 percent or more of what you have
listened in class will have forgotten. Organize your information in the
notebook: a grammar section, an idioms section, a homework section, a vocabulary
section, a translation section, etc. If your notebook is organized and
your handwriting clear, you will want to look at your class notes. A messy
notebook is no motivation for studying.
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Carry a mini notebook or cards and write down in them important
grammar, lexical, semantic and other aspects of the language. When you
go home on the bus or metro you can take out your cards and study the material
in the cards. Must times we waste this precious time of the ride
between home and the school.
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Carry a walkman with tapes in English. You can listen to recorded
material for the class, music, homework, etc. Try to listen to your tapes
as much as you can. This is a useful technology artifact that can help
you with listening and pronunciation.
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Read a newspaper in English everyday. Becoming addicted to reading
newspapers in English is a great advantage. Your information bank increases
and the language abounds with new words; also, the vocabulary is varied
and so are grammatical structures.
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Participation is class is very important. The more you speak, the
more you learn the forms that you are learning.
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Good company. Try to join those students who are interested in learning
English and that speak it frequently. Avoid working with students or classmates
that speak Spanish all the time or that like to kill time chatting. They
are no help and steal your precious time for your goal of learning the
language. In the early periods of learning it is necessary to practice
the foreign language as much as you can.
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A quiet place to study. When in school, choose a quiet conformable
place to study so that you can concentrate. Avoid cafeterias and isles
where a lot of noise, food odorous and motion takes place. These distract
you and steal your attention.
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Visit the library. Try to go to the library at least one time everyday.
The sight of books and magazines and people studying will have a positive
effect on your attitudes and likes. Avoid people chatting at the library.
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Videos. The laboratory has over 100 videotapes among movies, documentaries,
programs, comedies, news, etc., from which you can choose. Try watching
at the beginning at least one hour a day. You should be watching at least
2 or 3 hours a day if you want to improve your listening and speaking
skills. When watching the videos, do not get captured by the images. Try
to concentrate on the content and language.
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Textbook and workbook If you like organization, can´t come
to class very often then you might want to use a textbook. Study each lesson
carefully and then do the exercises in the workbook. Do not forget to do
the material in the audio tapes. Although the material in textbooks is
in general not authentic, today they are closer the norm and can be used
profitably. Sometimes the material in class provided by your instructor
is so messy that you get disoriented and here is where you can look at
the book for direction. Materials in books are, in general neatly organized
and paced.
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Radio and TV. Try to listen to live radio and TV programs. They
have variety and topic coverage and often include realistic and authentic
English. Try listening to the news everyday.
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Computer programs. There are many sites on the Internet and computer
programs with which you can learn English with more fun.
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Music. Listen to music and try to learn a few songs.
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Pen pals: In many important magazines and newspapers there ads of
persons wanting to communicate with you about different topics. Establishing
a contact over the internet is very profitable because you get in contact
with other cultures and physical spaces.
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Teach classes. Teaching private or public classes is generally very
convenient in the process of learning a new language.
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Read a book. Reading a book in English provides you
with more vocabulary in context, grammar and stylistic aspects that are
unlikely to be studied in class.
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Contact native speakers who live in the city or are passing as visitors.
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Thinking: Try to think about everything you do or see in English.
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Songs Learn songs and sing them when at thome or in class when the
opportunity arrives.
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Journal. Keep a journal where you record your daily important events.
This helps you to improve your writing.