------+----
. | Matches any character but now new line.
------+----
(...) | Groups a series of pattern elements into a single
| element. The text the groups matches is captured for
| later use.
------+----
^ | Matches the beginning of a line.
------+----
$ | Matches the end of the line.
------+----
[...] | Denotes a class of characters to match
------+----
[^..] | Negates a class of characters to match
------+----
...| | Matches the alternatives from left to right until
| one succeeds
------+----
|