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The
major sins are those acts which have been forbidden by Allah in the Qur’an
and by His Messenger (S) in the Sunnah (order of the Prophet). Allah
says,
"If you avoid the major (part) of what you have been forbidden (to
do), We will cancel out for you your (other) evil deeds and will admit
you (to Paradise) with a noble
entry." (an-Nisa 4:31)
Thus, by this verse, Allah has guaranteed the Paradise
to those who avoid the major sins.
The
Messenger of Allah (S) said: "The five (daily) prayers, Friday to
Friday, and Ramadan to Ramadan make atonement for what has happened since
the previous one when major sins have been avoided." It is therefore
very important to determine exactly what are the major vices (Kaba'ir)? There
is some difference of opinion among the scholars in this regard. Some say
these major sins are seven, and in support of their position they quote
the tradition: "Avoid the seven noxious things"- and after
having said this, the prophet (S) mentioned them: "Associating
anything with Allah, magic, killing one whom Allah has declared inviolate
without a just case, consuming the property of an orphan, devouring
usury, turning back when the army advances, and slandering chaste women
who are believers but indiscreet." (Bukhari and Muslim)
Abdullah Ibn Abbas R has said:
"Seventy is closer to their number than seven." The above hadith
does not limit the major sins to those mentioned in it. Rather, it points
to the type of sins which fall into the category of "major."
These include those crimes which call for a Qur’anic punishment (Hudood), such as
theft, fornication or adultery (Zina), and murder; those prohibited acts
for which a warning of a severe punishment in the next world is given in
the Qur’an or the tradition; and also those deeds which are cursed by our
Prophet (S). Thus, the following are all major sins.
1. Associating anything with Allah.
2. Murder.
3. Practicing magic.
4. Not praying.
5. Not paying Zakat.
6. Not fasting on a day of Ramadan without excuse.
7. Not performing Hajj while being able to do so.
8. Disrespect to parents.
9. Abandoning relatives.
10. Fornication and adultery.
11. Homosexuality (sodomy).
12. Interest (Riba).
13. Wrongfully consuming the property of an orphan.
14. Lying about Allah and His Messenger.
15. Running away from the battlefield.
16. A leader's deceiving his people and being unjust to them.
17. Pride and arrogance.
18. Bearing false witness.
19. Drinking Khamr (wine).
20. Gambling.
21. Slandering chaste women.
22. Stealing from the spoils of war.
23. Stealing.
24. Highway robbery.
25. Taking false oath.
26. Oppression.
27. Illegal gain.
28. Consuming wealth acquired unlawfully.
29. Committing suicide.
30. Frequent lying.
31. Judging unjustly.
32. Giving and accepting bribes.
33. Woman's imitating man and man's imitating woman.
34. Being cuckold.
35. Marrying a divorced woman in order to make her lawful for the
husband.
36. Not protecting oneself from urine.
37. Showing-off.
38. Learning knowledge of the religion for the sake of this world and
concealing that knowledge.
39. Betrayal of trust.
40. Recounting favors.
41. Denying Allah's Decree.
42. Listening (to) people's private conversations.
43. Carrying tales.
44. Cursing.
45. Breaking contracts.
46. Believing in fortune-tellers and astrologers.
47. A woman's bad conduct towards her husband.
48. Making statues and pictures.
49. Lamenting, wailing, tearing the clothing, and doing other things of
this sort when an affliction befalls.
50. Treating others unjustly.
51. Overbearing conduct toward the wife, the servant, the weak, and
animals.
52. Offending one's neighbors.
53. Offending and abusing Muslims.
54. Offending people and having an arrogant attitude towards them.
55. Trailing one's garment in pride.
56. Wearing silk and gold by men.
57. A slave's running away from his master.
58. Slaughtering an animal which has been dedicated to anyone other than
Allah.
59. To knowingly ascribe one's paternity to a father other than one's
own.
60. Arguing and disputing violently.
61. Withholding excess water.
62. Giving short weight or measure.
63. Feeling secure from Allah's Plan.
64. Offending Allah's righteous friends.
65. Not praying in congregation but praying alone without an excuse.
66. Persistently missing Friday prayers without any excuse.
67. Usurping the rights of the heir through bequests.
68. Deceiving and plotting evil.
69. Spying for the enemy of the Muslims.
70. Cursing or insulting Companions of Allah's Messenger.
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