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2.2 Paragraphs and Line Breaks

In this lesson...

Create line and paragraph breaks in your text
Insert paragraph breaks into the text of your HTML document.
view the changes within your web browser.

Automatic Line Wrap
When a Web browser displays HTML pages, it pays no attention to line endings.

The `<BR>` and `<P>`Tags

To control where line and paragraph breaks actually appear, you must use HTML tags. The <BR> tag forces a line break, and the <P> tag creates a paragraph break. The only practical difference between these two tags is that <P> inserts an extra blank line between paragraphs, and <BR> does not. Neither the <BR> line break tag nor the <HR> horizontal rule tag needs a closing </BR> or </HR> tag.

the `<HR>` horizontal rule tag

<HR> tag in the HTML code causes a horizontal "rule" line to appear in the Web page as seen on the browser. Inserting a horizontal rule with the <HR> tag also causes a line break, even if you don't include a <BR> tag along with it. For a little extra blank space above or below a horizontal rule, you can put a <P> tag before or after the <HR> tag.

Placing HTML Paragraphs and Line Breaks tags in Your Document

open the HTML file you created in the previous lesson.

under the <h3> Introduction to Cosmology </h3> heading.
we want to add some more text

open your HTML document in the text editor, and add this text under
<h3> Introduction to Cosmology </h3>heading.
Cosmology is the study of the origin and evolution of the Universe.
<p>
The most fundamental question of modern cosmology: "What exactly are the origin, future, and general nature of the universe?", is still largely unknown.
<br>
For thousands of years, philosophers and scientists have take the little information available to them and formulated theories which attempt to explain the nature of the objects they saw in the heavens. Over the last seventy years developments in technology have resulted in great increase in available data, forcing a reworking of many theories. Currently, the most widely accepted theory suggest that the universe came into being through a cataclysmic explosion now referred to as The Big Bang.
Now! Put an hr tag above the Introduction to Cosmology heading
<hr>
<h3> Introduction to Cosmology </h3>
Save the changes in the text editor. (on file menu in Notepad click save).
Return to your web browser.
(if not opened; open your file).
Select Refresh or Roload to see the changes on your document.

pose cafee

Pose cafe:

To open your html document in the text editor
On the view menu in Internet Explorer, click source.
Use the Favorites of your web browser to mark the lessons menu so you can make the lessons available off-line, and you can navigate easily to other lessons
When you save your document you must save all of your HTML files with names that end in .HTM OR .HTML

alarm!!!

Check Your Work

Compare your document with a sample of how this document should appear. After viewing the sample, use the back button on your web browser to return to this page.

Practice
Use the <hr>, the <p>, or the<br>tags to create paragraphs or sections in your own document.

construction.gif (10829 bytes)

The <BR> and <P>Tags

the <HR> horizontal rule tag

open the HTML file you created in the previous lesson.

The `<BR>` and `<P>`Tags

the `<HR>` horizontal rule tag