Major pruning of fruit trees should be done when they are dormant in winter.

Perennials may be propagated from root cuttings, stem cuttings, or by dividing the crowns.

After the ground has frozen, spread two inches of shredded leaves around your biennials,
this will protect their roots from frost heaves.

Clean up dropped fruit and leaves. Install mouse guards around tender-barked trees.

Do not fertilize roses again until spring. Dig summer bulbs. Plant precooled spring bulbs.


On November 3, Jupiter can be seen just before dawn on the east-southeast
horizon with venus just above it.

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