1 Watson Kiess, "The Kiess Family", (Williamsport, PA, no publisher, 1957).

2 Ibid, pg 17.

3 Social Security Death Index (SSDI), Ancestry.com, 1997. The SSDI component of Ancestry.com is drawn from the Social Security Death Benefits Index of the U.S. Social Security Administration.

4 Descendants of Anton Pepperman, familytreemaker.com, online <http://familytreemaker.genealogy.com/users/g/u/i/Mary-R-Guinter/>, Pepperman data downloaded 22 Nov 2000.

5 Elma Heim Larimore, Heim Family History and Record of Descent 1736-1940, (Published July 1942).

6 Social Security Death Index.