Matt 5:23-24 Therefore if you bring your gift to the altar, and there remember that your brother has against you; Leave there your gift before the altar, and go your way; first be reconciled to your brother, and then come and offer your gift.
This also applies to our observance of the L-rd’s Supper (Pesach). Participating in this remembrance of Yeshua’s death in an unworthy manner, brings serious judgment on ourselves.
1 Corinthians 11:27-34 Therefore whoever eats the bread or drinks the cup of the L-rd in an unworthy manner, will be guilty of the body and the blood of the L-rd. But let a man examine himself, and so let him eat of the bread and drink of the cup. For he who eats and drinks, eats and drinks judgment to himself, if he does not judge the body rightly. For this reason many among you are weak and sick, and a number sleep. But if we judged ourselves rightly, we should not be judged. But when we are judged, we are disciplined by the L-rd in order that we may not be condemned along with the world. So then, my brethren, when you come together to eat, wait for one another. If anyone is hungry, let him eat at home, so that you may not come together for judgment. And the remaining matters I will arrange when I come.
Matt 5:25-26 Settle matters quickly with your adversary who is taking you to court. Do it while you are still with him on the way, or he may hand you over to the judge, and the judge may hand you over to the officer, and you may be thrown into prison. I tell you the truth, you will not get out until you have paid the last penny.
We are to seek reconciliation aggressively and quickly. It is better to be wronged that to allow a dispute between brothers in Yeshua to be cause for dishonoring Him.
Matt 5:27-28 You have heard that it was said, `Do not commit adultery.' But I tell you that anyone who looks at a woman lustfully has already committed adultery with her in his heart.
The look lustfully is sin in your heart. It is the same as if one does the act.
Matt 5:29-30 And if your right eye offend you, pluck it out, and cast it from you: for it is profitable for you that one of your members should perish, and not that your whole body should be cast into hell.(Gehenna) And if your right hand offend you, cut if off, and cast it from you: for it is profitable for you that one of your members should perish, and not that thy whole body should be cast into hell (Gehenna).
This does not literally mean to cut off a limb or pluck out your eye. It implies the seriousness of sin and the consequences from it. It implies that the instructions go deep into every facet of our lives and our need for a savior from our sinful natures we all have.
Matt 5:31-32 "It has been said, `Anyone who divorces his wife must give her a certificate of divorce.' But I tell you that anyone who divorces his wife, except for marital unfaithfulness, causes her to become an adulteress, and anyone who marries the divorced woman commits adultery.
Moshe provided this to protect the women and not to justify the act of divorce. This is what the law(instruction) truly implied.
Matt 5:33 Again, you have heard that it has been said by them of old time, You will not forswear yourself, but will perform to the L-rd your oaths:
Matt 5:34-35 But I say to you, Swear not at all; neither by heaven; for it is G-d's throne: Nor by the earth; for it is His footstool: neither by Jerusalem; for it is the city of the great King.
Mashiach is the Great King.
Matt 5:36 Neither should you swear by your head, because you cannot make one hair white or black.
Matt 5:37 But let your 'Yes' be 'Yes,' and your 'No,' 'No.' For whatever is more than these is from the evil one.
This is not against all vows because Saul (Paul), himself, took a Nazarite vow. Sworn oaths “generally” should not be a habit or something we take lightly. Our word should be enough to satisfy and we should not be quick to give promises. Making Promises all the time are kind of foolish because we are all human and we may not be able to keep from breaking some of our promises.
Matt 5:38 You have heard that it has been said, An eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth:
(Ex. 21:24;Lev. 24:20;civil cases only)
Matt 5:39-40 But I tell you not to resist an evil person. But whoever slaps you on your right cheek, turn the other to him also.
The above refers to personal attacks of retaliation on others. This goes beyond the old code.
Matt 5:40 And if anyone wants to sue you, and take your shirt, let him have your coat also.
Matt 5:41 And whosoever will compel you to go a mile, go with him two.
Compel - Coercion or force.
An example of this is when the Roman soldiers forced Simon of Cyrene to carry Yeshua’s execution stake. (Matt 27:32)
Matt 5:42 Give to him that asks you, and from him that would borrow from you turn him not away.
Matt 5:43 You have heard that it has been said, You will love your neighbor, and hate your enemy.
Leviticus 19:18 You will not avenge, nor bear any grudge against the children of you people, but you will love you neighbor as yourself: I am the L-RD.
“Hate your enemy - what some of the Pharisee’s and Scribes applied.
This is what Yeshua asks of us who are of the kingdom of heaven.
Matt 5:44-45 But I say to you, Love your enemies, bless them that curse you, do good to them that hate you, and pray for them which despitefully use you, and persecute you; That you may be the children of your Father WHICH IS IN HEAVEN: for He makes His sun to rise on the evil and on the good, and sends rain on the just and on the unjust.
Our love should be a higher love, and a love from HaShem. His love manifested through us to all.
Matt 5:46 If you love those who love you, what reward will you get? Are not even the tax collectors doing that?
We are to love all race, creed, and color. Those Jew or Gentile.
Matt 5:47 "And if you greet your brothers only, what do you do more than others? Do not even the Gentiles do the same?
It is easy to love and be kind to those who love us and are kind to us in return. Anyone can do that.
But to be kind and loving to those who do not love us requires the indwelling of Ruach HaKodesh. It is through Him alone that we are able to accomplish this.
Matt 5:48 Therefore you are to be perfect, as your heavenly Father is perfect.
Yeshua sets an unattainable standard. This goal is impossible to meet. However, G-d could not lower the standard without compromising His own perfection. Yeshua has met the standard of perfection on our behalf. We only need to accept His atonement for our sins to receive forgiveness from HaShem. Moshe and all the others looked forward to this day when the Messiah would come and die in our place. We are raised with Him in newness of life.