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Paweł Jasienica
Paweł; (Paul) Jasienica is the pen-name of Leon
Lech Beynar (November 10, 1909 - August 19, 1970), a Polish amateur
historian. He was born in Simbirsk in Russia as a son of Poles: Mikołaj
(Nicholas) and Helena (Helen) Maliszewski. His father was a Russian
official. Until the Russian Revolution of 1917 he lived with his family
in Russia and the Ukraine. After the Revolution Beynar's family
returned to Poland
(1920). Leon Beynar a was soldier of the Polish army during the Polish
Campaign
at the beginning of World War II (September 1939). After the fall of
Poland, he was a soldier of the Polish underground resistance army AK
(Armia Krajowa - Army in Country) fighting in woods against the
Germans.
Following the war he
a was a member of resistance organization WiN (Wolność i
Niepodległość, Freedom and Independence) fighting against the
Soviets and Polish communists under the command of Major Zygmunt
Szendzielarz (called "Łupaszka"). He took his pseudonym from the name
of the place where he had received treatment. Then as a civilian, he
worked as a journalist and writer. He was famous for condemning
nationalism and for his personal civil courage. There are numerous
anecdotes about how he was congratulated for his courage by the
censors. These acts led to his being labeled a political dissident, for
which he suffered government persecution.
He is famous for many of his popular
historical books:
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Piast Poland
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History of Poland, Xth-XIVth centuries
(Piast dynasty)
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Jagiellonian Poland
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History of Poland, XVth-XVIth centuries
(Jagiellonian dynasty)
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The Commonwealth of Both
Nations, vol. I :
The Silver Age
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History of Poland,
1572-1795 (elected kings and "feudal republic")
Most important as a background for thesis presented here.
Translated by Alexander Jordan.
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The Commonwealth of Both
Nations, vol. II:
Calamity of the Realm
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The Commonwealth of Both
Nations, vol. III:
A Tale of Agony
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Thought on Civil War -
theoretically about Civil War in France, Bretony
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History of brutally pacified guerilla
against revolutionary government of France (1793). Really not in
Bretony but in Vendée (region south from Nantes).
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Based on Wikipedia
Some of his books you can find at
http://www.ampolinstitute.org/
http://www.alibris.com/search/search.cfm
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Simplified pronunciation some of Polish letters:
Ł = English W (or L)
SZ = English SH
W = English V
CH = English KH
Ś = English very short SH' (more or less)
Ć = English very short TSCH' (more or less)
J = English Y (like in "key")
I = English EE or E
Y = English Y (like in "lynch")
Generally Polish vowels E, A, I, O, U and Y have different length than
English vowels (English vowels have irregular length, on the other hand
Polish vowels, the same as in German, Italian or Spanish, have stable
length), and thus could be represented using different vowel every time.
So (more or less):
Paweł Jasienica = Pav-aw Ya-see-nee-tsa
Leon Lech Beynar = Leon Lekh Beynar
Mikołaj (Nicholas) = Mee-koh-way
Maliszewski = Ma-lee-shav-skee
Łupaszka = Woo-pash-kah
Wolność i Niepodległość = Vol-no-sh'tch' e
Nye-pod-leg-wosh'tch'
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Last corrections 8 Feb 2005
Slawomir Dzieniszewski
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