Mu(x) = Moebius Mu(x) function.
Here are some notes from my program XICalc - Extra Precision Integer Calculator http://www.oocities.org/hjsmithh/download.html#XICalc :
The Moebius or Möbius Mu(n) function is a number theoretic function defined by:
so Mu(n) = 0 iff n is not square-free. If n is square-free, the sign of Mu(n) tell whether there is even or odd number of distinct prime factors (+1 for even, −1 for odd). For n = 0, 1, 2, ... the first few values are 0, 1, −1, −1, 0, −1, 1, −1, 0, 0, 1, −1, 0, ... .
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