| 3.1 | Genetics
| * | about how the experiments of Mendel, Meselson and Stahl, etc., have contributed in the understanding of genetics.
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| 3.1.1 | Nature and action of the gene
| * | the structure and chemical nature of DNA to show its role as the genetic material. {Refer to Section 1.1.4].
| | * | the semiconservative nature of DNA replication : mechanism and evidence as illustrated by the work of Meselson and Stahl.
| | * | the features of the genetic code.
| | * | the roles of DNA and RNAs in protein synthesis.
| | * | that genes canbe turned on and off.
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| 3.1.2 | Structure of chromosomes
| * | the organisation of DNA into chromosomes in eukaryotic cells.
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| 3.1.4 | Inheritance of discrete characters
| * | monohybrid and dihybrid crosses. (The pioneer work of Mendel should be referred to.)
| | * | backcross and test cross.
| | * | dominance and recessiveness.
| | * | Incomplete dominance (e.g. the colour of petals in snapdragon).
| | * | codominance (e.g. human blood group AB).
| | * | multiple alleles (e.g. human ABO blood groups.)
| | * | sex-linked traits (e.g. haemophilia and red-green colour blindness).
| | * | linkage and crossing over.
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| 3.1.5 | Discontinuous and continuous variations
| * | the factors contributing to variation between individuals within a species.
| | * | discontinuous variations (e.g. tongue rolling and ABO blood groups in humans) and continuous variations (e.g. height and weight in humans).
| | * | the normal distribution curve.
| | * | the use of standard deviation as a measure of the variation of a sample.
| | * | the outline of polygenic inheritance and the effects of environment on it.
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| (1) | Advanced-level Biology for Hong Kong, by Y.K. Ho, SNP Manhattan Press (H.K.) Ltd. Bk 1, p.
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| (2) | New Understanding BIOLOGY for Advanced Level, 4th ed., by Glenn and Susan Toole, Stanley Thornes, p.
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| (3) | A-level Biology, by Phillips and Chilton, Oxford University Press, p.
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| (4) | Biology : Principles and Processes, by Roberts, Reiss and Monger, Nelson International, p.
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| (5) | Advanced Biology principles and applications, ISE, by C.J.Clegg with D.G. MacKean, John Murray, p..
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