CE English-A Summary

Part 2-Oral, Listening

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Oral

Group Interaction

1.     Skill

l         Generating ideas

A. Ask “Wh” Word Questions

Ask yourself questions using ‘What’, ‘Why’, ‘When’, ‘Which’ or ‘How’. The answers may help you help generate ideas

B. Give reasons

  Give reasons to your suggestions. You can use “because”, “since”, “as” …

C. Give example

  Use words like “such as”, “for example”, “like”

D. Link things up

  We can link up ideas using linking words or phrases like “so”, “then”, “if”, “otherwise”, ”if not” …

E. Add adjective to describe an ideas morn clearly

l         Starting the discussion

- To start the discussion, you can say:

‘Shall we start the discussion?’

‘Let’s get started, shall we?’

- If everyone says “yes”, you could respond by saying:

‘Today we need to decide …’

‘We need to discuss … today. Shall we discuss … first?

l         Making suggestions

- If you want to make a suggestion, you may says:

‘I think …’

‘Maybe/perhaps we can/should …’

‘Why don’t we …’

l         Inviting comments or suggestions

- If you want other to comment on your suggestion, you may say:

‘Do you think it will work?’

‘Do you think it is a good ideas?’

‘What do you think (about my ideas), Mr. Lee?’

- If you want other members to make suggestions, you can say:

‘Do you have any ideas?’

‘What else can you suggest, Mr. Lee?’

‘What do you think?’

l         Give responses (agreeing & disagreeing)

- If you support a suggestion or agree with someone’s idea, you may say:

‘I agree with your suggestion?’

‘That’s true.’

‘Yes, you are right.’

- If you do not support a suggestion or disagree with someone’s idea, you may say:

‘I don’t think so.’

‘I don’t think it is a good idea because …’

‘I disagree with you’

- To disagree politely but firmly, you may say:

‘Sorry, I am not sure about your suggestion. I really think …’

‘I understand what you said, but …’

‘Yes, I can see your point but I don’t believe …’

l         Helping other & the group

- If someone’s suggestion is not clear, you can ask him/her to explain.

‘I don’t understand you, what do you mean by …’

‘Sorry, I don’t understand. Could you explain what you mean by …’

- If some members are not very confident or shy, you can encourage them to speak

‘Mr. Lee, do you think we can …’

‘ Which one do you think is better, … or … ?’

‘And?’

‘What else?’

l         Interrupting aggressive group members

- You may have a student in your group who doesn’t give other chances to speak. So you have to say something to cut in him/her.

‘Excuse me, can I say something here?’

‘Excuse me, can L interrupt here?’

‘Sorry to interrupt, … ’

l         Summing up & ending the discussion

- To sum up the discussion, we can say:

‘We have covered more or less all the points, let’s sum up.’

‘To sun up, we all agreed to … ‘

‘Let’s sum up, we have decided to …’

- To end the discussion politely, you may say:

‘That’s all we have discussed today. Thank you everyone.’

‘That’s all for our discussion today. Thank you everybody.’

Practice:

Listening  (Further references: “Progressive Listening Comprehension5”, Maclean & Kwan, Aristo, 1998)

1.      Skills required:

Listening skills:

Ø          Get the central idea(s) or main theme

Ø          Distinguish main ideas from supporting ideas &  g rasp details

Ø          Make inferences

Ø          Use contextual clues to deduce word meanings

Ø          Predict what will follow

Ø          Recognize the speaker’s intention

Ø          Distinguish facts from opinions

Ø          Understand instructions & follow directions

Ø          Judge relevancy.

Reading skills:

Ø          Identify speaker’s attitudes

Ø          Scan a text to find information related to the listening task

Ø          Read & understand one’s role in the situation on which the tasks are based

Ø          Skim through a pile of data quickly

Writing

Ø          Combine & summarise information from various sources

Ø          Revise & edit drafts

Ø          Use appropriate format & language in the writing tasks

2.      Strategies involved:

Ø          Familiarise yourself with different text-tupes before listening, i.e. look for the information obtained from a diagram, a form, a chart, etc.

Ø          Read the questions carefully to find out what you need to listen & predict what you may hear.

Ø          Familiarize yourself with the common expressions used to give information: