CE History-A Summary

Part 4-International Conflict & Cooperation; Exam Strategies

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Possible Questions

International Conflicts & Co-operation

The Questions mainly falls on:

Conflicts: the post-war development of 2 camps & typical incidents say the division of Germany, Korean War, Cuban Missile Crisis, Vietnam War & eventual development of "Cold War" say the founding of NATO VS Warsaw Pact (Long Q)
Co-operation: the founding of United Nations & European Community (their achievements & limitations) (Long Q)

Graphical Summary

Coming Soon

Tackling Skills & Exam Strategies

PREPARED BY H.F.NG SEC.EDU.(ARTS),BSTC,01ASL HIST:A(01)(COURTESY OF HOKYAU CLUB ‘S PUBLICATIONS & MR.WILLIAM WONG)

SECTION1:EXAM FORMATS

¬ PAPER1

¬ CONSISTED OF 2 PARTS:PART A (D.B.Q,COMPULSORY,40MARKS);PART B (ESSAY QUESTIONS,SELECT FROM 4-5 QUESTIONS,30MARKS)

¬ TIME ALLOWED :1&3/4 HOURS

¬PAPER2

¬CONSIST OF 40 M.C.QUESTION,COMPULSORY

¬TIME ALLOWED:3/4 HOURS

SECTION2:EXAM STRATIGIES

¬PAPER1

¬PARTA,D.B.Q.

¬a)COMMON (&OTHER POSSIBLE)SOURCES TYPE

¬(1)MAPS: E.g.THE MAP OF CHINA IN THE EVE OF CHING ‘S DOWNFALL(SEE CE Q 1,YR2000)

¬ (2)PRIMARY SOURCES LIKE TREATIES(EXTRACTS);MEMOIRS;PEOPLE S’ SPEECH ,POEMS,ETC

¬ E.g. THE TREATY OF NANJING,1842&THE TREATY OF KANAGAWA,1854 (CE Q2 ,SOURCE B & C)

¬ (3)NEWSPAPER CUTTINGS

¬ E.g.THE GERMAN NEWSPAPER REPORT AFTER THE CONCLUSION OF VERSAILE TREATY (1919)àWHAT COMMON EMOTION OF GERMANS SHOWN?HOW DID THIS FEELING LEAD TO THE RISE OF NAZIS?

¬ REFER TO “DATA BASED HISTORY “ BY WILLIAM WONG

¬ (4)TABLE/STATISTICS

¬NOTE :TABLE CAN BE A CHONOLOGIC CHARTS OR A SUMMARY OF STATISTICS e.g. the industrial development of GERMANY before WWW I

¬ (5)CARTOONS

¬ NOTE:HOW TO IDENTIFY THE PERSON /COUNTRY REPRESENTED BY THE FIGURES ,E.g.BEAR=RUSSIA;TURKEY= TURKEY ;

¬ BUT FLEXIBILITY IS MUCH MORE IMPORTANT ,I.e. the ‘rules’ above are NOT definitely TRUE.(EXCECTION IS POSSIBLE)

¬ b)ILLUSTRATION OF QUESTION TYPES

¬ (2)PRIMARY SOURCE

¬ SOURCE A:THE FOLLOWING IS ADAPTED FROM UNITED STATES PRESIDENT J.F.KENNDY ‘S INAUGURAL SPEECH(1961)

¬ LET EVERY NATION KNOWS…..THAT WE SHALL PAY ANY PRICE , BEAR ANY BURDEN, MEET ANY HARDSHIP , SUPPORT ANY FRIEND ,OPPOSE ANY ENEMY TO ASSURE THE SURVIVAL OF LIBERTY……….

¬ MY FELLOW CITIZENS OF THE WORLD, ASK NOT WHAT AMERICA WILL DO FOR YOU, BUT WHAT TOGETHER WE CAN DO FOR THE FREEDOM OF MAN.

¬ Q:NAME ONE COUNTRY THAT WOULD HAVE FITTED THE DESCRIPTION OF ‘FRIEND’ ,AND ONE THAT WOULD HAVE FITTED THE DESCRIPTION OF ‘ENEMY’.EXPLIAN YOUR ANSWER.(2+2MARKS),ADAPTED FROM CE95,Q3

¬ b)ILLUSTRATION OF QUESTION TYPES

¬ (4) STATISTICS -1

¬ SOURCE B,THE GRAPH NEXT ON THS PAGE SHOWS THE NUMBER OF SEATS WON BY THE VARIOUS POLITICAL PARTIES IN REICHSTAG ELECTIONS IN GERMANY DURING THE PERIOD 1924-32.

¬ b)(4)STATISTICS-2

¬ SOURCE C SHOWS ANOTHER TYPE OF TABLE ,A STRUTURE TABLE .IT IS MAINLY USED TO DESCRIBE THE STRUTURE OF A STATE/GOVERNENT,BUT ONE LIKE THIS IS ALSO POSSIBLE:

¬ SOURCE D : THE FOLLOWING IS A TABLE SHOWING THE COURSE OF EVENTS IN CHINA, TOWARDS THE END OF THE CHING ‘S REGIME ,1894-1911:

YEAR	EVENT
1894-5	DEFEAT IN SINO-JAPANESE WAR; SUN FOUND THE REVOLUTION PARTY IN HAWAII
1898	FAILURE OF HUNDREDS’ DAY REFORM
1911-2	THE 1911 REVOLUTION;THE DOWNFALL OF CHING;THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE REPULIC

¬ QUESTION:WITH REFERENCE TO SOURCE C ,EXPLAIN WHY BOTH THE REVOLUTIONARIES AND THE CHING GOVERNMENT ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR CHING ‘S COLLAPSE.(6 MARKS)

¬c)COMMON DIFFICULTIES&SOL’

¬(1)INSUFFICIENT KNONLEDGE ABOUT HISTORICAL EVENTSà

¬SOL’N :COLLECTING STUDY AIDS FROM YOUR TEXTBOOK, D.B.Q.&M.C. EX.

¬ ADATED FROM HOK YAU CLUB ‘S CE GUIDE 99

¬ c)(2)UNFAMILIAR WITH THE FORMAT OF D.B.Q.sàSOL’:

¬ READ THE SOURCE CAREFULLY AND BEWARE OF THE QUESTION WORDS (E.g. the differences between ‘With reference to Source A’ &’Using your own knowledge’.)

¬ COMBINE YOUR KNOWLEDGE WITH THE DATA SOURCE ,I.e.,BEWARE OF THE HEADINGS OF THE QUESTION AND UNDERLINE THE KEY WORDS.(E.g. THE FOLLOWING IS A ABSTRACT FROM THE TREATY OF VERSAILES,1919à(LINE OF THOUGH LIKE THIS)WHICH COUNTRY HAVE TO ACCEPT THE HARSH TREATY ?HOW DID THE LISTED TERMS MADE THE COUNTRYMAN ANGRY ?(FEEL UNACCEPTABLE?)………..

¬ PART B, ESSAY QUESTIONS

¬ a)COMMON QUESTION TYPES

¬ (1)ASKING FOR A GENERAL CASE , GIVE REASON FOR,TRACE…..,ACCOUNT…..,EXPLIAN ….,HOW….,OUTLINE…….,WHY AND HOW….

¬ EXAMPLE :CE95 ,Q5

¬ ANSWERING TECHNIQUE:EXPLAIN ALL THE CAUSE, INCLUDE ALL RELATED ISSUE(I.e. BE COMPREHENSIVE)

¬ a)(2) ASKING FOR A PARTICULAR CAUSE :SHOW THE IMPORTANCE OF…,WHAT IS THE IMPORTANCE OF……,

¬ E.g.WHAT IS THE IMPORTANCE OF THE LIBERATION OF SERFS (1861)IN RUSSIAN HISTORY ?

¬ ANSWERING TECHNIQUE:EMPAPHASIS THE IMPACT OF PARTICULAR CAUSE.

¬ a)(3)GENERAL ACCOUNT OF AN EVENT :DISCUSS…,EXAMINE…,ANALYSE…,

¬ E.g.DISCUSS THE SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC IMPACT OF THE INDUSTRIALIZATION ON ANY ONE COUNTRY WITHIN YOUR HISTORY COURSE.(CE94,Q4)

¬ ANSWERING TECHNIQUE:GENERAL EXPLANATIONS ON CAUSES,RESULTS/IMPACTS.

¬ a)(4)ASKING OPINION :ASSESS….,EVALUVATE…,

¬ E.g. ASSESS THE CONTRIBUTON OF CAVOUR IN MATRIALIZE THE ITALIAN UNIFICATION.

¬ ANSWERING TECHNIQUE:NO DESCRIPTION; EXPLAIN & EVALUVATE ONLY.

¬ a)(5)ASKING FOR THE RELATIVE IMPORTANCE OF A CAUSE:TO WHAT EXTENT ….,HOW FAR…,HOW FAR DO YOU AGREE….,

¬ E.g.CE94Q6

¬ ANSWERING TECHNIQUE:CHOOSE BETWEEN “TO A LARGER EXTENT”AND “TO A LESSER EXTENT”

¬ a)(6)MAKING COMPARISION:COMPARE…,COMPARE AND CONTRAST….,

¬ E.g.CE88

¬ ANSWERING TECHNIQUE:DISCUSS THE SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES BETWEEN HISTORICAL EVENTS.

¬ a)(7)ASKINKING FOR DEFINTIONS:EXPLAIN THE TERM…,WHAT IS THE MEANING OF…

¬ E.g.WHAT IS MEANT BY “EASTERN QUESTION”?EXPLAIN HOW THIS LEAD TO MTHE OUTBREAK OF WWI.

¬ ANSWERING TECHNIQUE: DEFINE THE TERMS AS CLEARLY AS POSSIBLE; PAY ATTENTION TO THE FOLLOWING TERMS(STUDY ITS DEFINATIONS AS WELL AS THINK OF THEIR PARTICULAR MEANING ON THE PARTICULAR COUNTRY/IES STUDIED):NATIONALISM,LIBERALISM,MODERNIZATION,R-EVOLUTION ,REBELLION,ALLIANCE SYSTEM………

¬ b)ESSAY WRITING SKILLS

¬ THREE MAIN PART OF AN ESSAY:INTRODUCTION ,MAIN BODY, CONCLUSION

¬ USEFUL WORDS:POLITICALLY,ECONOMICALLY,

¬ FIRSTLY,SECONDLY,….

¬ FIRST OF ALL ,BESIDES, MOREOVER,IN ADDTION,FUTHER MORE,LAST BUT NOT LEAST,

¬ ALL IN ALL, TO CONCLUDE,IN SHORT,….

¬ PAPER2, M.C.

¬ a)COMMON QUESTION TYPE:SIMILAR TO PAPER 1,PART A, D.B.Q.,BUT TIME CHART /LINE CAN ALSO BE USED

¬ b)DIFFICULITIES AND SOL’

¬ (1)MIXING UP CHNOLOGICAL ORDERàSOL’:PREPARE TIME CHARTS/MAKE SUMMARY TABLES;PRACTISE MORE!

¬ (2)NOT ENOUGH TIME TO REVISE ALL CORE TOPICSàREVISE IT SIDE BY SIDE WITH ESSAY Q!

CONCLUSIONS

¬ THE CE AND AL HIST PAPER IS RATHER SIMILAR(ESP. PAPER1 OF CE)àYOU CAN REFER THE OTHER ONE SIDE BY SIDE(AND IN FACT ,THE ABOVE PRSENTATION IS NOT ONLY MEANT FOR CE ,BUT ALSO FOR ALE.)

¬ FINAL ADVICE:TRY TO UNDERSTAND YOUR TEXTS RATHER THAN MEMORISING WITHOUT DIGESTION.(IN FACT, HISTORICAL FACTS ARE NOT FAMILY CHORES---THEY ARE RELATED TO ONE ANOTHERàSO ,ALWAYS THINK WHEN YOU REVISE.)

PREPARED BY H.F.NG SEC.EDU.(ARTS),BSTC,01ASL HIST:A(01)(COURTESY OF HOKYAU CLUB ‘S PUBLICATIONS & MR.WILLIAM WONG)

SECTION1:EXAM FORMATS

¬ PAPER1

¬ CONSISTED OF 2 PARTS:PART A (D.B.Q,COMPULSORY,40MARKS);PART B (ESSAY QUESTIONS,SELECT FROM 4-5 QUESTIONS,30MARKS)

¬ TIME ALLOWED :1&3/4 HOURS

¬PAPER2

¬CONSIST OF 40 M.C.QUESTION,COMPULSORY

¬TIME ALLOWED:3/4 HOURS

SECTION2:EXAM STRATIGIES

¬PAPER1

¬PARTA,D.B.Q.

¬a)COMMON (&OTHER POSSIBLE)SOURCES TYPE

¬(1)MAPS: E.g.THE MAP OF CHINA IN THE EVE OF CHING ‘S DOWNFALL(SEE CE Q 1,YR2000)

¬ (2)PRIMARY SOURCES LIKE TREATIES(EXTRACTS);MEMOIRS;PEOPLE S’ SPEECH ,POEMS,ETC

¬ E.g. THE TREATY OF NANJING,1842&THE TREATY OF KANAGAWA,1854 (CE Q2 ,SOURCE B & C)

¬ (3)NEWSPAPER CUTTINGS

¬ E.g.THE GERMAN NEWSPAPER REPORT AFTER THE CONCLUSION OF VERSAILE TREATY (1919)àWHAT COMMON EMOTION OF GERMANS SHOWN?HOW DID THIS FEELING LEAD TO THE RISE OF NAZIS?

¬ REFER TO “DATA BASED HISTORY “ BY WILLIAM WONG

¬ (4)TABLE/STATISTICS

¬NOTE :TABLE CAN BE A CHONOLOGIC CHARTS OR A SUMMARY OF STATISTICS e.g. the industrial development of GERMANY before WWW I

¬ (5)CARTOONS

¬ NOTE:HOW TO IDENTIFY THE PERSON /COUNTRY REPRESENTED BY THE FIGURES ,E.g.BEAR=RUSSIA;TURKEY= TURKEY ;

¬ BUT FLEXIBILITY IS MUCH MORE IMPORTANT ,I.e. the ‘rules’ above are NOT definitely TRUE.(EXCECTION IS POSSIBLE)

¬ b)ILLUSTRATION OF QUESTION TYPES

¬ (2)PRIMARY SOURCE

¬ SOURCE A:THE FOLLOWING IS ADAPTED FROM UNITED STATES PRESIDENT J.F.KENNDY ‘S INAUGURAL SPEECH(1961)

¬ LET EVERY NATION KNOWS…..THAT WE SHALL PAY ANY PRICE , BEAR ANY BURDEN, MEET ANY HARDSHIP , SUPPORT ANY FRIEND ,OPPOSE ANY ENEMY TO ASSURE THE SURVIVAL OF LIBERTY……….

¬ MY FELLOW CITIZENS OF THE WORLD, ASK NOT WHAT AMERICA WILL DO FOR YOU, BUT WHAT TOGETHER WE CAN DO FOR THE FREEDOM OF MAN.

¬ Q:NAME ONE COUNTRY THAT WOULD HAVE FITTED THE DESCRIPTION OF ‘FRIEND’ ,AND ONE THAT WOULD HAVE FITTED THE DESCRIPTION OF ‘ENEMY’.EXPLIAN YOUR ANSWER.(2+2MARKS),ADAPTED FROM CE95,Q3

¬ b)ILLUSTRATION OF QUESTION TYPES

¬ (4) STATISTICS -1

¬ SOURCE B,THE GRAPH NEXT ON THS PAGE SHOWS THE NUMBER OF SEATS WON BY THE VARIOUS POLITICAL PARTIES IN REICHSTAG ELECTIONS IN GERMANY DURING THE PERIOD 1924-32.

¬ b)(4)STATISTICS-2

¬ SOURCE C SHOWS ANOTHER TYPE OF TABLE ,A STRUTURE TABLE .IT IS MAINLY USED TO DESCRIBE THE STRUTURE OF A STATE/GOVERNENT,BUT ONE LIKE THIS IS ALSO POSSIBLE:

¬ SOURCE D : THE FOLLOWING IS A TABLE SHOWING THE COURSE OF EVENTS IN CHINA, TOWARDS THE END OF THE CHING ‘S REGIME ,1894-1911:

DEFEAT IN SINO-JAPANESE WAR; SUN FOUND THE REVOLUTION PARTY IN HAWAII

¬ QUESTION:WITH REFERENCE TO SOURCE C ,EXPLAIN WHY BOTH THE REVOLUTIONARIES AND THE CHING GOVERNMENT ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR CHING ‘S COLLAPSE.(6 MARKS)

¬c)COMMON DIFFICULTIES&SOL’

¬(1)INSUFFICIENT KNONLEDGE ABOUT HISTORICAL EVENTSà

¬SOL’N :COLLECTING STUDY AIDS FROM YOUR TEXTBOOK, D.B.Q.&M.C. EX.

¬ ADATED FROM HOK YAU CLUB ‘S CE GUIDE 99

¬ c)(2)UNFAMILIAR WITH THE FORMAT OF D.B.Q.sàSOL’:

¬ READ THE SOURCE CAREFULLY AND BEWARE OF THE QUESTION WORDS (E.g. the differences between ‘With reference to Source A’ &’Using your own knowledge’.)

¬ PART B, ESSAY QUESTIONS

¬ a)COMMON QUESTION TYPES

¬ (1)ASKING FOR A GENERAL CASE , GIVE REASON FOR,TRACE…..,ACCOUNT…..,EXPLIAN ….,HOW….,OUTLINE…….,WHY AND HOW….

¬ EXAMPLE :CE95 ,Q5

¬ ANSWERING TECHNIQUE:EXPLAIN ALL THE CAUSE, INCLUDE ALL RELATED ISSUE(I.e. BE COMPREHENSIVE)

¬ a)(2) ASKING FOR A PARTICULAR CAUSE :SHOW THE IMPORTANCE OF…,WHAT IS THE IMPORTANCE OF……,

¬ E.g.WHAT IS THE IMPORTANCE OF THE LIBERATION OF SERFS (1861)IN RUSSIAN HISTORY ?

¬ ANSWERING TECHNIQUE:EMPAPHASIS THE IMPACT OF PARTICULAR CAUSE.

¬ a)(3)GENERAL ACCOUNT OF AN EVENT :DISCUSS…,EXAMINE…,ANALYSE…,

¬ E.g.DISCUSS THE SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC IMPACT OF THE INDUSTRIALIZATION ON ANY ONE COUNTRY WITHIN YOUR HISTORY COURSE.(CE94,Q4)

¬ ANSWERING TECHNIQUE:GENERAL EXPLANATIONS ON CAUSES,RESULTS/IMPACTS.

¬ a)(4)ASKING OPINION :ASSESS….,EVALUVATE…,

¬ E.g. ASSESS THE CONTRIBUTON OF CAVOUR IN MATRIALIZE THE ITALIAN UNIFICATION.

¬ ANSWERING TECHNIQUE:NO DESCRIPTION; EXPLAIN & EVALUVATE ONLY.

¬ a)(5)ASKING FOR THE RELATIVE IMPORTANCE OF A CAUSE:TO WHAT EXTENT ….,HOW FAR…,HOW FAR DO YOU AGREE….,

¬ E.g.CE94Q6

¬ ANSWERING TECHNIQUE:CHOOSE BETWEEN “TO A LARGER EXTENT”AND “TO A LESSER EXTENT”

¬ a)(6)MAKING COMPARISION:COMPARE…,COMPARE AND CONTRAST….,

¬ E.g.CE88

¬ ANSWERING TECHNIQUE:DISCUSS THE SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES BETWEEN HISTORICAL EVENTS.

¬ a)(7)ASKINKING FOR DEFINTIONS:EXPLAIN THE TERM…,WHAT IS THE MEANING OF…

¬ E.g.WHAT IS MEANT BY “EASTERN QUESTION”?EXPLAIN HOW THIS LEAD TO MTHE OUTBREAK OF WWI.

¬ ANSWERING TECHNIQUE: DEFINE THE TERMS AS CLEARLY AS POSSIBLE; PAY ATTENTION TO THE FOLLOWING TERMS(STUDY ITS DEFINATIONS AS WELL AS THINK OF THEIR PARTICULAR MEANING ON THE PARTICULAR COUNTRY/IES STUDIED):NATIONALISM,LIBERALISM,MODERNIZATION,R-EVOLUTION ,REBELLION,ALLIANCE SYSTEM………

¬ b)ESSAY WRITING SKILLS

¬ THREE MAIN PART OF AN ESSAY:INTRODUCTION ,MAIN BODY, CONCLUSION

¬ USEFUL WORDS:POLITICALLY,ECONOMICALLY,

¬ FIRSTLY,SECONDLY,….

¬ FIRST OF ALL ,BESIDES, MOREOVER,IN ADDTION,FUTHER MORE,LAST BUT NOT LEAST,

¬ ALL IN ALL, TO CONCLUDE,IN SHORT,….

¬ PAPER2, M.C.

¬ a)COMMON QUESTION TYPE:SIMILAR TO PAPER 1,PART A, D.B.Q.,BUT TIME CHART /LINE CAN ALSO BE USED

¬ b)DIFFICULITIES AND SOL’

¬ (1)MIXING UP CHNOLOGICAL ORDERàSOL’:PREPARE TIME CHARTS/MAKE SUMMARY TABLES;PRACTISE MORE!

¬ (2)NOT ENOUGH TIME TO REVISE ALL CORE TOPICSàREVISE IT SIDE BY SIDE WITH ESSAY Q!

CONCLUSIONS

¬ THE CE AND AL HIST PAPER IS RATHER SIMILAR(ESP. PAPER1 OF CE)àYOU CAN REFER THE OTHER ONE SIDE BY SIDE(AND IN FACT ,THE ABOVE PRSENTATION IS NOT ONLY MEANT FOR CE ,BUT ALSO FOR ALE.)

¬ FINAL ADVICE:TRY TO UNDERSTAND YOUR TEXTS RATHER THAN MEMORISING WITHOUT DIGESTION.(IN FACT, HISTORICAL FACTS ARE NOT FAMILY CHORES---THEY ARE RELATED TO ONE ANOTHERàSO ,ALWAYS THINK WHEN YOU REVISE.)