Unit 19 - The Church in the Middle Ages

1     How were some church officials able to influence the rulers of Europe?
    Because many church officials were also advisers and administrators in the governments of Europe's rulers. These advisers often persuaded rulers to make policies that were favored by the Church.
2     What was the Church's power of excommunication? What effect did this have on rulers?
    According to a medieval belief, a ruler received authority over his kingdom as blessing from God . If a ruler was excommunicated by the Church- the ruler lost his divine right to command the people . Because the Church had the power to excommunicate, its leader could often force rulers to follow their wishes.
3     What made the Church rich?
    The Church owned a lot of land and collected taxes from people, so the Church became rich.
4     Where does the word "Crusade" come from?
    The word Crusade comes from the Latin word "crux" which means "a cross".
5     When were Christians no longer allowed to visit the Holy Land?
    In 1071, the Muslim Turks captured the Holy Land. They didn't allow the Christians to visit the Holy Land.
6     Who called all Christians to fight to save the Holy Land?
    Pope Urban II asked all Christians to fight to save the Holy Land.
7     How many Crusades were there?
    There were Thousands of Crusades.
8     What was the result of the first Crusade?
    They had captured Jerusalem.
9     What was the final result of all the Crusades?
    They had failed.