The Cohanim Modal Haplotype
The CMH Tool Discovery

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References

A. Here are links to the five original scientific articles (in chronological order):

1.   The original study of the Jewish Priests: "Y-Chromosomes of Jewish Priests", by M. F. Hammer, Karl Skorecki, et al. (Nature, 385:32, 1997)

2.   The second article expanding upon the discovery: "Origins of Old Testament Priests" by Karl Skorecki, David Goldstein, M. G. Thomas, et al. (Nature, 394:138-140, 1998)

3.   The third article, applying the discovery for the first time to a population claiming to be "of the seed of Abraham, Isaac, and Israel" (but without further proof than tribal traditions and stories): "Y chromosomes traveling south: the Cohen modal Haplotype and the origin of the Lemba - the 'Black Jews of Southern Africa'" by M. G. Thomas, et al. (American Journal of Human Genetics, 66:674-86, February 2000)

4.   A much broader study of population genetics of some of the same Middle Eastern populations (and by some of the same authors) "Jewish and Middle Eastern non-Jewish populations share a common pool of Y-chromosome biallelic haplotypes" by M. F. Hammer et. al. (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, Vol 97, Issue 12, 6769-6774, June 6, 2000)

5.   And, more recently, there is a failed attempt to discredit the above articles (that actually adds much useful information expanding and confirming the discovery): "Are today's Jewish Priests descended from the old ones" by Avshalom Zoossmann-Diskin, Ph.D. (HOMO: Journal of Comparative Human Biology - Zeitschrift fuer vergleichende Biologie des Menschen, Vol. 53, No. 2-3, 2000, pg. 156-162).

It is not yet available freely online. There is a good report about it at: http://www.ariga.com/genes.htm.


B. As research continues, new scientific papers are published. Here are several recent ones:

1. "The Y Chromosome Pool of Jews as Part of the Genetic Landscape of the Middle East" by Almut Nebel, Dvora Filon, Bernd Brinkmann, Partha P. Majumder, Marina Faerman, and Ariella Oppenheim [The American Journal of Human Genetics 69:5 (November 2001): 1095-1112].

2. "High-resolution Y chromosome haplotypes of Israeli and Palestinian Arabs reveal geographic substructure and substantial overlap with haplotypes of Jews" by Almut Nebel1, Dvora Filon, Deborah A. Weiss, Michael Weale, Marina Faerman, Ariella Oppenheim, and Mark G. Thomas [Human Genetics 107(6) (December 2000): 630-641].


C. In addition, there are several nice programs online about this same general topic:

1. Here is a nice program about the Hebrew Ten Lost Tribes:

"Mystery of the Ten Lost Tribes"
This program features the work of the predicted king (who is predicted to find the famous Hebrew Ten Lost Tribes).

2. Here is a nice NOVA program about the Hebrew Ten Lost Tribes:

"Lost Tribes of Israel"
This program features Dr. Tudor Parfitt (an anthropologist)[director of the Center for Jewish Studies at the School for Oriental and African Studies in London] and his fascinating detective work study of the Lemba tribe (placed into a recent book by him: Journey to the Vanished City (Phoenix, London)).

© 2002 by David Clark hrhdavid@yahoo.com