kh;`{k; MSh; [yhh; mth;fs; K];ypk; KuR vd;w jkJ khj,jopy; thrfh;fs; Nfs;tpfSf;F mspj;j gjpy;fspy; rpy. fhyj;jpd; fl;lhaj;ijf; fUjpAk; thrfh;fs; gyUf;Fk; ,JNghd;w Nfs;tpfs; vOe;jpUf;fyhk; mtw;wpw;fhd gjpy;fis jhq;fs; vjph;ghh;j;jpUf;fyhk;. vdNt ntspapLfpNwhk;.

 Fyhk; >filady;Y}h;.

my;yh`; KjypNyNa Vd; Ie;J tf;Jj; njhOifiaf; flikahf;fhky; Ik;gJ tf;jhf;fr; nrhy;yp gpd; Ie;ije;jhff; Fiwj;J Ie;jhf;fpdhd;?

mJ jd; `gPgpd; ck;kj;jpd; kPJ mtd; nfhz;l rYifapd; ntspg;ghL. ehd; 50 vd;Nwd;. mth;fs; 5 Fiwj;jhh;fs;. xg;Gf;nfhz;Nld;. kPz;Lk; Nfl;lhh;fs; Ie;J Fiwj;Njd;. ,g;gbNa mth;fs; Nfl;ltiu Fiwj;Njd;. vd my;yh`; G+hpg;gile;j mUs; nrhhptpd; mw;Gjj;ij nrhw;gjj;jpy; vg;gbr; nrhy;y KbAk;? ek;Kila ck;kj;jpdUf;F Rkf;fKbahj ghuj;ij Rkj;jp tplf;$lhNj vd;W neQ;R nefpo ek;ngUkhdhh; Nfl;l me;j xt;Nthh; Ie;jpYk; mth;fspd; \/ghmj;jpd; rpgj;jy;yhth mike;jpUf;fpwJ. ,tDf;F njhOifapy; $l Rik njhpaf;$lhJ vd;W mth;fs; ,ik cah;j;jpf; Nfl;ljd; gyhgyid ,td; ,Ugij vl;lhf;fp Kl;bf;nfhz;L Kbf;fpwhd;. ,td; ntspuq;fkha; Kl;fis tpijj;J mjpy; tpOe;J rpije;J NghdhYk; $l kWikapy; ek; ngUkhdhhpd; \/ghmj;Jf; fpilf;Fnkd;w cs;uq;fk; ,tDf;F cile;J Ngha;tpltpy;iy. mbg;gil me;j Ie;jpy; gjpe;j \/ghmj;jpd; rpgj;ij ,tdhYk; kWf;f Kbahnjd;gNj. (Mf];l; 1998)

 K`k;kJ rhjpf;> R+otha;f;fhy;.

jpBnud mrk;ghtpjk; elf;Fk; NghJ rpyh; ‘ah K`;apj;jPd; vd;W miof;fpwhh;fs; my;yh`;it miog;gij tpl;L ,g;gb miof;fyhkh?

ntWk; nrhy;Yf;Fs; ,iwtid epWj;jp cs;sj;ij %isahf;fpf; nfhz;NlhUf;F my;yh`; xU Ngr;R. mth;fs; my;yh`;it thrpg;gth;fs;. cs;Sf;Fs; ,iwtid epWj;jp cs;sj;ij %isahf;fp nfhz;NlhUf;F my;yh`;Nt %r;R. mth;fs; my;yh`;it Rthrpg;gth;fs;. RthrKk; tpRthrKk; my;yh`;tpyhdth;fshy; kl;LNk mtd; Nerh;fis Nerpf;f KbAk;. mg;gb mth;fshy;jhd; me;j Neuj;jpy; mt;thW K`;apj;jPd; vd miof;fTk; KbAk;. mg;gb miof;FksTf;F ehk; ,d;Dk; gf;Ftg; ngwtpy;iy vd;W ntl;fg;glyhNk jtpu miog;gth;fisf; Fiw$w ekf;nfd;d mUfij ,Uf;fpwJ? (Vg;uy; 88)

 [pahTj;jPd; nfhf;fuhg;gs;sp (A.P)

kj;`Gfs; Njitapy;iy. ,];yhk; vd;gJ xd;Nw vd kJiuapypUe;J ntsptUk; ,jnohd;W ntspapl;Ls;sNj vg;gb?

,khk;fspd; njhFg;Gfs; ,];yhj;ijf; $W Nghl;ljhf ek;GtJ Kjy; jtW. \hgpAk; `dgpAk; ,q;Nf xNu ,];yhj;ijNa nrhd;dhh;fs;. ,d;ndhU ,];yhj;ij ,th;fsy;yth cw;gj;jp nra;ag;ghh;f;fpwhh;fs;? vq;Nf Fh;MdpYs;sijg; Nghy; rpy thpfisahtJ ePq;fs; cUthf;fpf; fhl;Lq;fs; ghh;f;fyhk; vd my;yh`;tpl;l rthYf;F tpuypLf;fpy; thpfisj; Njbdhh;fNs mth;fSk; jq;fis mwpthspfnsd;Nw nrhy;ypf; nfhz;lhh;fs;. mth;fSf;F ,];yhKk; ,iwtDk;  ,iwJ}Jk; gpd;dh; njspthfNt Ghpe;jJ Nghy; ,th;fSf;Fk; GhpAk;- ,d;\hmy;yh`;. ,iwtd; xd;Wf;F kw;nwhd;iwg; gbg;gpidahf mike;jpUf;fpwhd;. ngUkhdhUf;F mG+[`;iy mikj;jhd; ekf;F ,th;fis mikj;jhd;. ftiyg;glhjPh;fs; Fog;gg;gLk; NghJjhd; `f;fpd; njspT Jy;ypakhfg;gLk; vd;gjw;Fg; ngUkhdhhpd; tho;f;ifapy; Rod;wbj;j R+whtopfis tplth ,d;ndhU R+whtsp Ntz;Lk;? ntspr;rj;jpd; tphpfjpiu rpw;nwUk;G kiwf;fhJ. rKj;jpuj;jpd; miy Kof;fk; $[htpy; mlq;fhJ. thdj;jpd; ngUk;gug;G tpuy;fSf;Fs; RUq;fhJ. ,];yhj;jpd; tp];thrk; i\j;jhdpy; GijahJ. (Vg;uy; 88)

 ey;y K`k;kJ> ghz;br;Nrhp.

mt;ypahf;fs; ngahpYk; nksj;jhdth;fspd; ngahpYk; ghj;jp`h Xjf;$lhJ vd;W rpyh; $Wfpwhh;fNs ,Jgw;wp jq;fs; fUj;J vd;d?

$Wtnjd;d mth;fshy; mJ KbahJ. vd; ,iwtd; vd; gpuhh;j;jidia vd; Ntz;LNfhis Vw;ghd; vd;w ek;gpf;if vg;NghJ xUtDf;F Vw;gltpy;iyNah mg;NghJ mtd; ikapj;Jf;Fr; rkkhdtNd. xU ikapj;J vg;gb ,d;ndhU ikapj;Jf;F ghj;jp`h XJk;? vdNt ghj;jp`h XJtJk; gpuhh;j;jid nra;tJk; capNuhLs;sth;fs; nra;fpw ,ghjj;Jfs;. (khh;r; 1991)

 m\;ug; f];]hyp > guq;fpg;Ngl;il.

`jP];fspy; ek;gfkhdJ vJ? ek;gj;jfhjJ vJ? xNu Fog;gkhf ,Uf;fpwJ. tpsf;fTk;.

,];yhkpaf; Nfhl;ghLfisAk; K];ypk;fspd; njspthd ,iwr;rpe;jidfisAk; Fog;gp mth;fspd; gphptpy; jq;fSf;fhd ntw;wpia cUthf;f vj;jdpg;gth;fs; A+jh;fs; NkNyhl;lkhf mth;fSila nray;fis kl;Lk; itj;Jg; ghh;j;jhy; nghpa mwpthspfs; Nghy; Njhd;Wk;. mth;fsJ nray;fspy; vt;tsT tp\k; Njha;e;jpUf;Fk; vd;gij mth;fis ed;Fzh;e;jth;fshNyNa czuKbAk;. khh;f;f newpfisAk; ,iwar;r czh;TfisAk; Nyrhfj; jl;btpl;L fw;wnkhopf;Nfw;g mh;j;jk; tpsq;fp rpyiuf; Fl;br;Rth;fshf;fpa ngUikapy; A+jh;fSf;F fzprkhd gq;Fz;L. me;j mth;fspd; R+l;rp tiyf;F cWJizahf mth;fSf;F mugp nkhop ed;F mj;Jg;gbahfpapUe;j mk;rk; tYthd fhuzkhf mike;jJ. thiog;goj;jpy; Crp Vw;WtJ Nghy mth;fs; jq;fs; gphpj;jhSk; R+o;r;rpia muG ehl;by; gpuNahfpj;jhh;fs;. mJtiu `jP];fisg; gw;wpNah> ngUkhdhhpd; rpgj;Jfisg; gw;wpNah vt;tpj re;NjfKk; Fog;gkhd rpe;jidfSk; Vw;glhj mugpfspy; xUrhuhh; A+jh;fs; tphpj;j tiy vdj; njhpahkNy mjpy; rpf;fp rpf;fy;fisg; ngUf;fpf; nfhs;syhdhh;fs;. mjd; ghjpg;G rk;ghjpg;gnjw;nfd;Wk; fy;tp fw;gjw;nfd;Wk; muG ehL Nghd ek;kth;fisAk; %isr;ryit nra;jtpl;lJ. mnkhpf;fhTk; ,];NuYk; ,];yhj;Jf;Fk; ,iw ek;gpf;ifAzh;Tf;Fk; vt;tsT Mgj;jhdth;fs; vd;gij czuhkNyNa vg;gb ,d;W muGfs; mnkhpf;fg; gilfis jq;fs; kz;zpNyNa fhY}d;w itj;J jq;fs; rNfhjuh;fSf;nfjpuha; NguopT Vw;gLj;j itj;jpUf;fpwhh;fNsh mg;gbNajhd; mth;fs; tpijj;j tp\kj; jdkhd rpj;jhe;j rpijTfisAk; jq;fs; neQ;Rf;Fs; Vw;W> jq;fs; khh;f;fj;Jf; nfjpuha; nte;jziyf; nfhl;bf; nfhz;bUf;fpwhh;fs;. me;j ghjpg;Gf;F Ml;gl;Lg;Nghd ek; gps;isfSk; jd; jfg;gid> ghl;lid> Kg;ghl;lid njspthd mth;fspd; xOf;f newpfis ,iwar;rj;ij ,iwNerj;ij ,iwaUisnay;yhk; xJf;fpj; js;sp tpl;L ntWk; thh;j;ijfspy; ,];yhj;ijj; NjLk; tpl;by; G+r;rpfshf rpwnfLj;Jf; nfhz;L gwf;fpwhh;fs;. ,th;fs; ek;gj;jFe;jth;fsy;y vd;w cz;ikia czh;e;jhNy NghJk;. `jP];fspy; ek;kfkhdJ vJ vd;W njs;sj; njspthfg; Ghpe;JtpLk;.

(khh;r; 1991) gf;fk; 28

 myp MgpjPd;> guq;fpg; Ngl;il.

ehafk; (]y;) mth;fSk; ek;ikg; Nghd;W kdpjh;jhk; vd;W rpyh; nrhy;fpwhh;fNs?

xNu jilt czT cz;L gjpdhW Nehd;Gfisj; njhluhfg; gpbj;j me;j ehafkh? ehDk; vy;yh kyhapfj;Jkhh;fSk; egp kPJ ]ythj;Jr; nrhy;fpNwhk;. ek;gpf;ifahsh;fNs ePq;fSk; egpkPJ ]ythj;Jr; nrhy;Yq;fs; vd;W ,iwtd; cr;rg;gLj;jpa me;j ehafkh? mh;\{f;Fr; nrd;W my;yh`;itr; re;jpj;J rhprkkha; ciuahba me;j ehafkh? ve;j ehafj;jpd; ngaiur; nrhy;yp rhl;rpgfuhtpl;lhy; njhOifNa `ahj;jhfhNjh me;j ehafkh? mth;fisg; Nghd;w kdpjh;fNs ehq;fSk; vd;W me;j ehafj;NjhL ek;ikAk; xg;gpl;lhy; mJTk; kd;dpf;f Kbahj Fw;wk;jhd; vg;gb ,iwtDf;F ,izaha; ,d;ndhU ,iwtidf; fw;gpg;gJ kd;dpf;f Kbahj Fw;wNkh mg;gb. (mf;Nlhgh; 1992)

 ghkpjhg;gphpad;> ,lyhf;Fb

`jP]{f;F jtwhd tpsf;fk; $wp ,khk;fs; ]`hghf;fs; khh;f;f Nkijfis Fiw$wp ,opTgLj;Jfpd;wdNu rpyh; ,th;fspd; filrp epiy vd;d?

,ijtplth ,d;ndhU filrpepiy Ntz;Lk;? ,iwtdhy; jdf;F mUsg;ngw;w kfj;Jtq;fis vg;NghJ xU kdpjd; J}f;fp nahpe;J NgRfpwhNdh mg;NghNj mtd; jdf;Fs;spUe;j kdpjidf; nfhd;Wtpl;L i\j;jhidf; FbNaw;wp tpl;lhd; vd;Nw nghUs;. kdpjdhf ,Ue;jJ Muk;g epiy. i\j;jhdhfpg; NghdJ filrp epiy. mtd; ,opTgLj;jpf; nfhs;tJ jd;idj;jhNd jhd;. mJ rhp mwptpUe;jhyy;yth mijAk; Ghpe;J nfhs;s? ,g;NghJ nrhy;Yq;fs; ,ijtplth ,d;ndhU filrp epiy Ntz;Lk;? (gpg;uthp 1988)

(mj;j`pa;ahj;jpy;)tpuyhl;LtJ jtwh?

Mjpgpjh Mjk; (miy) mth;fisg; gilj;J kyf;Ffis mth;fSf;F my;yh`; r[;jh nra;ar; nrhd;dhd;.vy;yh kyf;FfSk; r[;jh nra;jhh;fs;. kyf;Ffspd; jiytd; kl;Lk; mjw;F mb gzpahJ my;yh`;itNa vjph;j;jhd;. ehd; cah;e;jtd;> neUg;ghy; gilf;fg;gl;ltd;> fsp kz;zhy; gilf;fg;gl;l Mjj;Jf;F ehd; r[;jh nra;a khl;Nld; vd; kWj;jhd;. khypf;Fy; Ky;f; Md me;j kyf;Ffspd; jiytid my;yh`; rgpj;jhd;. cilj;jhd;> tPrp vwpe;jhd;. rpjwpa mtd; jhd; i\j;jhd;.

rpjwp tpOk;NghNj mtd; Mjj;jpd; re;jjpfis rpd;dhgpd;dg; gLj;Jtnjd;W fq;fzk; fl;b nfhz;Nljhd; tpOe;jhd;.

,iwtdpd; ,ghjj;jpy; ey;ybahh;fs; mjpfkha; <Lgl;L mjpf ed;ikiag; ngw;W tplf;$lhNj  vd;gjpy; mtd; vg;NghJNk fz;Zk; fUj;Jkhf ,Ue;jhd;. ,Uf;fpwhd;. ,Ug;ghd;. ek; epiyikfisg; ngah;f;f mtd; tiyfNshL miyfpwhd;. newpKiw jtwp xU Kiw mtd; tiyapy; tpOe;J tpl;lhy; mg;gbNa tpOq;fp tpLthd;.

mwpTg;G+h;tkhf kl;LNk rpe;jpj;jhy; mtd; nrhy;tnjy;yhk; $l mw;Gjk; NghyNt gLk;. tpl;bYf;F tpsf;fpd; xsp vg;gb gOj;j fdp Nghy njhpfpwNjh mg;gb. Xbg;Ngha; tpOe;jhy; rpwFkpy;iy. \u`{kpy;iy.

tpuiyj; jhNd Ml;Lfpwhd; vd;d jtW? vd mtid neUq;fp mtd; Ml;Ltpg;Gf;Fs; tpOe;jhy; gpd; Rd;dj;Jkpy;iy. [d;dj;Jkpy;iy.

mtid cq;fSf;F milahsk; njhpfpwjh? mtd; jhd;….. mtNdjhd;… gOj;j Qhdpiag;Nghy Nt\kpl;L `h[uh mk;ikahiuf; fiyf;fg; ghh;j;jhNd mNj i\j;jhd;jhd;. (Kjy;gjpg;G : khh;r; 1992)  (,uz;lhk; gjpg;G : [dthp 1996)

 nksyhdh rTjp mNugpah

mt;ypahf;fs;>n\a;Fkhh;fspd; mlf;fj; jyq;fSf;Fg; Ngha; mth;fsplj;jpy; cjtp Nfhuyhkh? my;yJ mth;fspd; nghUl;ilf; nfhz;L ,iwtdplj;jpy; Ntz;lyhkh?

mg;gb Ntz;LtJk; Xh; cjtpjhNd. ,iwtidj; jtpu NtWahhplKk; cjtp NjlNt $lhJ vd;W nrhy;gtDk; rf kdpjdplk; cjtp NjlNt nra;fpwhd;. jtwpy;iy mg;gbj; NjLtJjhd; kdpj ,ay;G. mg;gbj; Njlitg;gJ ,iwtdpd; fUiz. ,y;yhtpl;lhy; kWikapy; Nfs;tpfzf;fpd; NghJ ehd; cd;tPl;L thrypy; te;J epd;wNghJ vd;id cjhrPdk; nra;jhNa Vd;?  vd;W mtd; Nfl;fkhl;lhd;. ehd; Neha;tha;g; gl;bUe;j NghJ vd;idf; ftdpj;jhah?  vd;W Nfl;fkhl;lhd;. ,iwtNd eP vg;nghOJ vd; tPl;L thrYf;F te;jha;? cdf;Fj;jhd; gpzp %g;ngy;yhk; fpilahNj vd;why; vd; mbahd; te;jhd;. vd; mbahd; Neha;tha;g;gl;lhd; vd;ghd;. Mjdhy; jhNd mtd; gilg;gpdq;fspnyy;yhk; rpwe;j gilg;ghf kdpjidg; gilj;Njd; vd;W ngUkpjk; nfhz;lhd;. RUq;fr; nrhd;dhy; ,iwtd; jd;id kdpjdpy; fhz tpUk;gpdhd;. mjw;fhfNtjhd; kdpjdpy; mwpntDk; urthjj;ijg; G+rpdhd;. urthjj;ij  rpijf;fhjtd; nka;Qhdpahdhd;> urkpoe;J thjj;jpy; epw;;gtd; mQ;Qhdpahdhd;. nka;Qhdp ,iwtdplk; gzpe;jjhy; mtdpy; ,iwaUs; gjpe;jJ. mQ;Qhdp FiwfNshL Fdpe;jjhy; mtdpy; fiwapUs; gbe;jJ. ,iwtid epiwthd  vz;zq;fNshL ,iwar;rj;NjhLk; csj; J}a;ikNahLk; vz;zpg;ghh;f;Fk; ahUk; typkhh;fs; > n\a;Fkhh;fs; %ykhf ,iwtdplk; cjtpNfhUtijj; jtnwd;W xUNghJk; nrhy;ykhl;lhh;fs;. (nrg;lk;gh; 1988)