tpQ;Qhd xspapy; ,];yhk; - mwptpay;. V.Nf.mg;Ju;u`;khd;

Gtpapd; gpwg;G!

kz;Zk;> kzYk;> fspAk;> fy;Yk; ,d;dgpw nghUl;fSk; gutpa gbtq;fspd; vz;zw;w mLf;Ffshy; cUthfpAs;s g+Nfhsk; vg;gbj; Njhd;wpaJ?.

Vwf;Fiwa 40>000 fp.kP. Rw;wsTk;> Ik;gj;njhd;W NfhbNa xU ,yl;rj;J IE}W rJu fpNyh kPl;lh; gug;gsTk;> Ie;J NfhbNa njhz;Z}w;W VO yl;rj;J ehw;gjhapuk; Nfhb ld;fs; vilAk; nfhz;l ,g;NgUUtk; vq;fpUe;J gpwg;ngLj;jJ?. mjidg; gpwf;fr; nra;j mz;l ntsp epfo;r;rpfs; ahit?.

,e;j tpdhf;fSf;F tpilfhz njhd;W njhl;L rpe;jid nra;J te;j tpQ;Qhdpfspd; Muha;r;rpapd; gadha; kpfr; nry;thf;Fg; ngw;w mwptpay; jj;Jtk; gpwg;ngLj;jJ.

g+kp cl;gl #hpaf; FLk;gj;jpy; fhzg;gLk; midj;Jf; Nfhs;fSk;> #hpadpypUe;J rpjwpa mjd; Jz;LfNs vdTk;> mjd; gpwF mf;Nfhs;fspypUe;J rpjwpa Jz;Lfs;jhk; Jizf; Nfhs;fs; vdTk; mj;jj;Jtk; $wpw;W. vdNt g+kp #hpadpypUe;J gphpe;J te;j Jz;lhf ,Ug;gjhy; mJ mjd; Muk;g fl;lj;jpy; cUfpa neUg;Gf; Fok;ghf ,Ue;jJ vd;Wk;> gpwF gbg;gbahf ntg;gk; jzpe;J Fsph;e;J> ,Wfp jw;NghJ ehk; fhZk; g+kpapd; NkNyhL (Crest) cUthfpaJ vd;Wk; mj;jj;Jtk; $WfpwJ. mj;Jld; g+Nfhsj;jpd; NkNyhl;Lf;f mbapy; (mjpf gl;rk; 70 fp.kP.f;Ff; fPo;) kpFe;j ntg;g epiyapy; ghiwg;nghUl;fs; neUg;Gf; Fok;ghf ,d;Dk; ,Ue;J tUfpwJ vdTk; mj;jj;Jtk; $WfpwJ. (,j;jj;Jtj;jpd; mbg;gilapy;jhd; g+kpapd; cs;sLf;F - Mantle - jput epiyapy; ,Ug;gjhf ,g;NghJk; rpy ghhlg;Gj;jfq;fs; Nghjpf;fpd;wd.)

fhd;l;> yhg;yh]; vDk; mwptpay; Nkijfspd; ngauhy; toq;fg;gLk; ,j;jj;Jtk; ,Ugjhk; E}w;whz;bd; ika fhyk; tiu kpfr; nry;thf;Fld; tpsq;fpaJ. vdNt ,Ugjhk; E}w;whz;bd; ikafhy tiuapyhd mwptpay; NgUyfk; g+Nfhsj;jpd; Njhw;Wtha; (Orgin) #hpad; vd;Nw $wp te;jJ.

Mdhy; Mfhaq;fisAk;> g+kpiaAk; gilj;Jg; ghJfhj;J epw;Fk; mfpyq;fspd; ,ul;rfdhfpa ,iwtdhy; ,wf;fpitf;fg;gl;l ,j;J}a jpUkiwahk; khkiw Fh;Md; ,e;j tpQ;Qhdpfs; $w;Wf;F Kuz;gl;l nra;jpad;Nwh je;J nfhz;bUf;fpwJ!. ngha;iaAk;> nka;iaAk; gphpj;jwptpf;Fk; ,g;ngha;ah nkhopahk; Fh;Midg; ghh;j;J ehq;fs; trpj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; ,g;g+Nfhsk; gphpe;J te;jJ nka;ahfNt #hpadpypUe;J jhkh my;yJ NtW VNjDk; xd;wpypUe;jh vdf; Nfl;lhy; fzPnudg; gjpyspf;Fk; mw;Gjg; ghq;fpid fz;Bh;fsh! khkiw $WfpwJ:

' epr;rakhf thdq;fSk;> g+kpAk; ,ize;jpUe;jd vd;gijAk;> mitfis ehNk gphpj;Njhk; vd;gijAk; (Fh;Md; ,iwNtjk; ,y;iy vdf;$wp) epuhfhpg;gth;fs; ghh;f;ftpy;iyah?.." (mUs;kiw Fh;Md; 21tJ mj;jpahak; ]_uj;Jy; md;gpah - tpd; 30tJ trdj;jpd; xU gFjp) 

ghh;f;ftpy;iyah ez;gh;fNs! ,e;j mw;Gj trdj;ij! G+Nfhsk; gphpe;J te;jJ #hpadpypUe;J my;y. khwhf ,d;Ws;s MfhaKk;> G+kpAk; cUthtjw;F Kd; ,t;tpuz;Lk; XUlyha; ,ize;jpUe;j xU %yg; nghUspypUe;Nj (Origin) Mfhaq;fSk;> g+kpAk; gphpe;jike;jd vd;wy;yth $WfpwJ ,e;j trdk;. mw;Gjj; jpUkiwapd; ,e;j [Pt trdk; vd;d $wpf; nfhz;bUf;fpwNjh mijj;jhNd ,e;j ,Ugjhk; E}w;whz;bd; ,Wjpf; fl;lj;jpy; mwptpay; cyfk; ep&gpj;J tUfpwJ.

tp.,.nth;dhj;];fpa; (V.I. Vernadsky) vd;gth; xU jiy rpwe;j Gtpapay; tpQ;Qhdpahthh;. g+kp #hpadpypUe;J gphpe;j Jz;L vd epiy ehl;lg;gl;l jj;Jtj;ij mth; mWgJ tUlj;jpw;F Kd;gpUe;Nj td;ikahf kWj;J te;jhh;.

g+kpahdJ #hpadpypUe;J gphpe;jjhy; Vw;gl;l Xh; jpBh; eltbf;if vd;gJ nja;tPfk;(?) fye;j rpe;jidNaad;wp> tpQ;Qhdj;jpw;Fk;> ,j;jj;Jtj;jpw;Fk; xl;Lk; ,y;iy> cwTk; ,y;iy vd ehj;jpf ek;gpf;if nfhz;l ,e;j mwptpay; Nkij thjhb te;jhh;. mwptpaiyg; nghUj;jtiu ,e;j tpQ;Qhdp xU Nkijahf tpsq;fpa NghjpYk;> ,th; fz;L te;j nja;tq;fSk;(?)> nja;t ek;gpf;iffSk; mwpTf; nfht;thjitahfNt ,Ue;jd vd;gij ,tUila $w;W Gyg;gLj;JfpwJ.

mwptpay; cyfpy; fpilj;J te;j mwpthjhuq;fspypUe;J g+kpahdJ #hpDila xU Jz;lhf vg;NghJNk ,Ue;jpUf;f ,ayhJ vd jplkhf ek;gpdhh; ,th;. Nguz;lj;jpy; vq;Nfh Xh; %iyapy; cUthfpa gpwF #hpaDila <h;g;G tiyapy; mfg;gl;Ltpl;l xU tpz;fy;yhfNt g+kpiaf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk; vdj; Jzpe;J $wpdhh; ,e;j mwptpay; Nkij nth;dhj;];fpa;. Nrhtpaj; ehl;ilr; rhh;e;j ,tuJ E}w;whz;L tpohit (1863 - 1963) rh;tNjr tpQ;QhdpfSk; fye;J nfhz;L xU nghpa khehlhfNt rpwg;gpj;jjw;Ff; fhuzk; ,tUila ,j;Jzpr;ry; kpf;f Gul;rpfukhd mwptpay; rpe;jidAk;> mr;rpe;jidf;Ff; fpilj;J te;j mwptpay; Mjhuq;fSNk vd;gJ nrhy;yj; Njitapy;iy.

,d;iwa ehl;fspy; ngUntbg;Gf;Fg; gpwF (ngUntbg;G gw;wp Kjyhk;; fl;Liuapy; tpguk; mwpayhk;) me;j ntbg;gpypUe;J fpsk;gpa J}Rg; glyj;jhyhd Gif %l;lj;jpypUe;J #hpad; cUthfpa mNj epfo;r;rpg; Nghf;fpd;NghJ cUthfpaitjhk; #hpaf; FLk;gj;jpy; fhzg;gLk; g+kp cs;spl;l ,ju Nfhs;fs; vd;gij tpQ;Qhd cyfk; xg;Gf; nfhs;fpwJ. vdNt MfhaKk; g+kpAk; cUthtjw;F Kd; fhzg;gl;l J}Rg; glyj;jpd; xU gFjp neUq;fpf; Ftpe;Jk;> ,Wfpr; Nrh;e;Jk; tpz;zfg; gUg; nghUl;fisj; Njhw;Wtpj;jJ vdTk; kWgFjp NkYk; NkYk; mfd;W tphpe;J tpz;izj; Njhw;Wtpj;jJ vd;Wk; $Wfpd;w etPd mwptpay; fz;Lgpbg;Gfs; xd;Nwhnlhd;W ,ize;jpUe;j xd;wpypUe;Nj MfhaKk;> G+kpAk; gphpe;jd vdf; $Wk; J}a Fh;Mid nka;g;gpj;J epw;fpwJ.

,t;tsT mw;Gjkhf ,e;j ,Ugjhk; E}w;whz;bd; etPdf; fz;Lgpbg;Gfis vy;yhk; jd;Ds; nfhz;bUg;gNjhL> jtwhd mwptpay; rpe;jidfisnay;yhk; NtwWj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; ,t;tpaf;fj;jF khkiwiaah ,iw Ntjk; ,y;iy vdf;$wp rpe;jidj; jpwk; ngw;Nwhh; epuhfhpj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;f KbAk;?.

rpe;jpf;f Ntz;lhkh ez;gh;fNs! ek; mwpTg; grpf;F NkYk; NkYk; tpUe;Njhk;gpf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; ,e;j mUl;fplq;fpd; mDf;fpufq;fspypUe;J NkYk; xd;iw ngw;Wr; nropf;f ehk; kw;nwhU tpdhit ,g;NghJ vOg;GNthk;. ,kaKk;> My;g;]_k;> ghkPUnky;yhk; thdshtp cah;e;J epw;gJ Vd;? grpgpf;Fk;> ml;yhz;bf;Fk;> ,e;J kfhrKj;jpunky;yhk; ghjhsk; jOtpj; jhoe;J fplg;gJ Vd;?.

,e;j tpdhf;fSf;Fk; tpilfhzg; GFe;jdh; fhd;l; kw;Wk; yhg;rh]; jj;Jtj;ij thdsht ek;gpa mwptpay; Nkijfs;. #hpadpypUe;J gphpe;J te;j g+Nfhsk; gbg;gbahf ntl;gk; jzpe;J Fsph;e;jNghJ mjd; Nkw;gug;gpy; (NkNyhL) RUf;fq;fSk;> gs;sq;fSk; tpOe;jd. Ntfitj;j Mg;gps; FspUk;NghJ mjd; Njhypy; ,ijg;Nghd;w tpisTfs; Vw;gLtJ fz;$L. ,ijg;Nghd;W g+Nfhsj;jpd; Nkw;gug;gpy; NkLfSk; gs;sq;fSk; Vw;glNt mitfs; kiyfshfTk;> fly;fshfTk; mike;J tpl;ld vdf; $wpdh; me;j mwptpayhsh;fs;. Mdhy; g+Nfhsk; #hpadpd; Jz;Lkpy;iy. mj;Jld; mJ vg;NghJNk cUfpa epiyapy; ,Ue;jJkpy;iy vdf; $wpa nth;dhj;];fpapd; $w;Nw nka;g;gpf;fg;gl;L tUtjhy; Nkf;kh thjpfspd; (Nkf;khthjpfs; vd;Nghh; fhd;l;> yhg;rh]; jj;Jtj;jpd; Mjuthsh;fisf; Fwpf;Fk; ngauhFk;) $w;iw ek;khy; vg;gb Vw;f KbAk;?. vdNt g+ gug;gpd; kPJ flYk;> kiyAk; Njhd;wpajw;fhf fhuzj;ij NtW ,lj;jpy; Njl Ntz;Lk;: vq;F Njlyhk;?.

G+Nfhsnkd;d? Nguz;lj;jpd; ehbj;Jbg;GfisNa tiue;J nfhz;bUf;Fk; khkiw Fh;Mdpy; ,jw;Fhpa tpsf;fj;ijj; Njbg;ghh;g;Nghk;. ekJ Njlypd; Kjw;gbapNyNa kiyfis gw;wpf; $Wk; J}a trdk; xd;W ,Njh jd;ndhsp tPrp nghq;fp tUfpwJ. mt;trdk; $WfpwJ:

'g+kp cq;fSld; mirahjpUf;f mtd; mjd; kPJ kiyfis cWjpahf epiy epWj;jpdhd;.." (mUs;kiw Fh;Md; 16tJ mj;jpahak; ]{uj;Jd; e`;y; 15tJ trdk;)

vd;d $WfpwJ ,e;j khkiw trdk;? ehk; trpj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; ,e;j g+kp mire;J nfhz;bUf;Fk; xU nghUsh? kiyfs; ,y;iynad;why; ,jd; mirTfs; ek;ikAk; mirf;Fkh? mg;gbahapd; kiyfs; ,jd; kPJ ,Uf;Fk; fhuzj;jhy; ,J ,g;NghJ mirtjpy;iyah?

,e;j trdj;ij Mo;e;J ghh;f;Fk;NghJ g+kp mire;J nfhz;bUf;Fk; xU nghUnsd;Wk;> ,jd;kPJ kiyfs; ,y;iynadpy; ,jd; mirTfs; ,jd;kPJ trpf;Fk; ek;ikAk; mirj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; ghpjhg epiyf;Fj; js;sg;gl;bUg;Nghk; vd;gNjhld;wp NtnwhU jftiyAk; ,e;j mhpa trdk; je;Jf; nfhz;bUf;fpwJ.

mire;J nfhz;bUf;Fk; g+kpapd; kPJ kiyfs; epWtg;gl;lgpd; g+kpapd; mirTfs; epd;W tpl;ldth? vd mt;trdj;ijf; Nfl;lhy; epd;Wtpltpy;iy vd;Nw mt;trdk; gjpyspj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;fpwJ. Vnddpy; mt;trdk; g+kp mirahjpUf;f kiyfs; epWtg;gl;bUg;gjhff; $wtpy;iy. khwhf 'g+kp cq;fSld; mirahjpUf;f kiyfs; epWtg;gl;ljhfNt" $WfpwJ. ,jpypUe;J g+kpapd; mirtpw;fpira Gtptho; kdpjh;fspd; mirTfs; kl;LNk kiyfshy; jLf;fg;gl;Ls;sNjad;wp g+kpapd; mirTfs; Kw;whf jLf;fg;gltpy;iy vd;gNj ,t;trdj;jpypUe;J ngwg;gLk; gjpyhFk;!.

kiyf;Fk;> kLTf;Fk; fhuzk; NjLtjw;F Kd; kw;nwhU Ma;Tf;Fs; ek;;ik <Lglr; nra;fpwJ ,e;j mw;Gj trdk;. ehk; gpwg;gpypUe;J> ,wg;Gtiu nfhQ;rp> Fyhtp tho;e;J nfhz;bUf;Fk; ,e;j g+kp mire;J nfhz;bUf;Fk; xU nghUs; vd ,ijd tbtikj;jtd; $Wk;NghJ> mijf;Nfl;L mr;r czh;NthL ekJs;sq;fis mtd;ghy; VnwLf;fhky; ,Uf;f ,ayhJ. mNj Neuj;jpy; ehk; ekJ tPl;ilg; Nghd;W gofpg; Goq;fpf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; ,e;j g+kp Xh; mire;J nfhz;bUf;Fk; xU nghUs; vdf; $Wfpwhh;fNs! vq;Nf mirfpwJ ,e;j g+kp?. vy;yhNk fij! vdf; fUjp ,e;j ,iwtrdj;ij ahUk; epuhfhpf;Fk; nraiy ahUk; nra;J tplf;$lhJ vd;gjpy; ehk; mf;fiw nfhs;shkYk; ,Uf;f ,ayhJ. vdNt flw;gQ;rpYk; ,jkhd fhw;Wf; ftrj;jpd; ikaj;jpykh;e;J gspq;Fg;ghijapDk; tOf;fyhd thd ntspapy; i[uh]; Nfhg;Gf;fis (Gyroscopes) fhl;bYk; Jy;ypakhfg; ghijiaf; fz;fhzpj;J ,af;fg;gLk; <h;g;G tisaj;jpDs; rPuhd Ntfj;jpy; Rod;W tUk; ekJ g+Nfhsk; rj;jpaj; jpUkiw $Wtijg; Nghd;W mirAk; nghUshf vt;thW ,Uf;f KbAk; vdg; GUtq;fisr; RUf;fp tpdhf;FwpfSld; tUk; Fj;jyhd ghh;itfSf;F Kjyhtjhf ehk; tpil fhz;Nghk;.

ehk; tho;e;J nfhz;bUf;Fk; ,e;j g+kp jdpkq;fspd; fyitfshy; cUthd xU Nfhs; vd Kd; fl;Liuapy; fz;Nlhk;. 

rhd;whf jq;fk;> gpshl;bdk;> M];kpak; Nghd;wit mjpfg; gSitAk;> ypjpak;> fhp> mYkpdpak; Nghd;wit Fiwe;j gSitAk; nfhz;Ls;sd. ,t;thW mjpfg; gSthd jdpkq;fs; mjpf mstpy; fye;J cUthfpa g+kpapd; fl;Lkhdg; nghUl;fs; mjpfg; gSitAk;> Fiwe;j gS nfhz;l jdpkq;fs; mjpf mstpy; fye;J cUthfpa g+kpapd; fl;Lkhdg; nghUl;fs; Fiwe;j gSitAk; nfhz;bUf;Fk;. mz;lj; J}Rj; Jfs;fs; xd;Nwhnlhd;W ,Wfpr; Nrh;e;J gbg;gbahfg; nghpjhfp g+Nfhsj;ij cUthf;fpa epfo;r;rpg; Nghf;fpd;NghJ gSFiwe;j kw;Wk; gS kpFe;j g+kpapd; fl;Lkhdg; nghUl;;fs; ,uz;lwf; fye;jpUe;jd. 

gS tpj;jpahrKs;s fl;Lkhdg; nghUl;fshy; fl;lg;gl;bUf;Fk; ,e;j g+Nfhsk; mjd; ikag;gFjpapypUe;J <h;g;G tpiria gutr; nra;fpwJ. vdNt g+Nfhsj;jpd; kl;lq;fSf;F ,wq;fpr; nrd;W gbAk;. ,t;thW ,wq;fpr; nry;Yk; nghUl;fs; gS Fiwe;j nghUl;fis g+kpapd; Nky; kl;lj;jpw;Fj; js;Stjhy;> mit g+kpf;Fs;spypUe;J Nky; kl;lj;ij Nehf;fpr; nrd;w tz;zKk; ekJ g+Nfhsk; XahJ mire;J nfhz;bUf;Fk;.

jw;NghJ gS $ba nghUl;fs; XusT g+kpapd; Mo;kl;lq;fSf;Fr; nrd;Wtppl;L> gS Fiwe;j nghUl;fNs g+kpad; Nky; kl;lj;jpy; FbNawptpl;ld. ,jdhy; ,g;NghJ g+Nfhsj;jpd; mirT kpfTk; Fiwe;J tpl;ljhfTk;> g+kpapd; ,sk; gUtj;jpy; (gy Nfhb tUlq;fSf;F Kd;) gS NtWghbd;wp nghUl;fs; gutpf; fple;jjhy; g+kpapd; mirTfs; ,d;wpUg;gijf; fhl;bYk; gy klq;F mstpYk; tPr;rpYk; kpifj;jpUe;jd vdTk; $Wfpd;w etPd Gtp tpQ;Qhdk; g+kp mire;J nfhz;bUf;Fk; xU nghUs; vdf; $wpa jpUkiw Fh;Mid nka;ahd ,iwNtjk; vdr; rhd;wspj;J epw;fpwJ. 

etPd cyfpd; mwptpay; fz;L gpbg;Gfs; xt;nthd;Wk; ,k;khkiw Fh;Mid nkag;gpg;gijNa ,yl;rpakhff; nfhz;L nrayhw;wpf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; mw;Gjj;ijg; ghh;j;jPh;fsh ,y;iyah?

,e;j g+kpapd; kPJ kiyfs; ,y;yhky; ,Ue;J gy Nfhb tUlq;fSf;F Kd;dhy; g+ gug;gpd; kPJ eilngw;W te;j nfhe;jspg;ghd epiyfs; jw;NghJk; ePbj;jpUe;jhy; ,e;j g+kpapd; mirTfs; ek;ik elkhl tplhky; mjd; kPJ eldkhl(?) itj;jpUf;fhjh?.

g+Nfhsk; mire;J nfhz;bUf;Fk; nghUs; vdf; $wpa ,k;khkiwia ep&gpf;f muq;Nfwp ,Uf;Fk; NkYk; Xh; mwptpay; fz;L gpbg;igAk; fz;L> ,k;khkiwNahid ehk; GfNohjpj; Jjpf;f Ntz;lhkh?.

mirf;Fk; g+kp! 


g+Nfhsk; Xh; mire;J nfhz;bUf;Fk; nghUs; vd Ke;ija fl;Liuapy; fz;l jpUkiw trdj;ij nka;g;gpj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; mwptpay; Mjhuj;ijf; fhZk; Kd;> Kjyhtjhf mZf;fSld; ekf;Nfhh; mwpKfk; Njitg;gLfpwJ.

mZ (ATOM) vd;gJ jdpnahU nghUspd; (jdpkk; - Element) kpfr; rpwpa Jz;L vd Ke;ija njhlh;fspy; fz;Ls;Nshk;. jdpkj;jpd; Jz;lhfpa mZ> %d;W nghUl;fisj; jd;Ds; nfhz;Ls;sJ. mZtpd; ikag;gFjp mZf;fU (Nucleus) vdg;gLk;. ,jw;Fs; GNuhl;lhd;fs; (Protons) kw;Wk; epa+l;uhd;fs; (Nutrons) vdg;gLk; ,uz;L nghUl;fs; ,Uf;Fk;. ,tw;Wf;F ntspNa kpd;dZf;fs; (Electrons) mZf;fUitr; Rw;wp Xbf;nfhz;bUf;Fk;. ,t;thW XLk; kpd;dZf;fs; xd;W Kjy; VK tiuapyhd $Lfspy; gw;gy vz;zpf;ifapy; Xbf; nfhz;bUf;Fk;.

mZf;fUitr; rw;wp Xbf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; kpd;dZf;fspy; xd;iw mjd; $l;bypUe;J gphpj;njLj;jhy; clNd ntg;gk; ntspg;gLk;. kpd;dZf;fis mZtpypUe;J gphpj;njLg;gjw;F mZf;fspd; kPJ mOj;jj;ijr; nrYj;JtJ xU KiwahFk;. G+kpf;F Nky; fhzg;gLk; fhw;wOj;jj;ijg; Nghd;W xU ,yl;rk; klq;F mOj;jj;ijr; nrYj;Jk;nghJ mZtpypUe;J kpd;dZf;fs; gpa;j;njwpag;gLfpd;wd vd;gij Ma;Tf; $lq;fspy; ele;j Nrhjidfs; tahapyhf tpQ;Qhdpfs; ep&gpj;jpUf;fpwhh;fs;.

nghUl;fs; jpl> jput> thA epiyfspy; ,Ug;gij ehk; mwpNthk;. ,ijj; jtpu 'g;sh];kh" (Plasma) vd kw;nwhU epiyapYk; nghUl;fs; ,Uf;fpd;wd. Nguz;lj;jpy; 99 rjtpfpjg; nghUl;fSk; g;sh];kh epiyapy; ,Ug;gjhfNt tpQ;Qhdpfs; fUJfpwhh;fs;.

rpy nghUl;fis gj;jhapuk; bfphp nrd;bfpNuL ntg;g epiyf;F Ml;gLj;jpaJk; mg;nghUl;fs; g;sh];kh epiyf;F khWtijAk;> Ma;tfr; Nrhjidfshy; tpQ;Qhdpfs; epWtpAs;sdh;.

Mapuj;J Kd;D}w;W Ik;gJ fp. kPl;lUf;F Nky; Muk; nfhz;l ,g;Gtpf; Nfhspd; ikaf;fUtpd; kPJ g+Nfhsj;jpd; Nkw;gug;gpy; ,Ug;gijf; fhl;bYk; Kg;gJ ,yl;rk; klq;F mjpf mOj;jk; nrayhw;wp tUfpwJ. vdNt g+Nfhsj;jpd; Mo; kl;lq;fspy; cs;s nghUl;fspd; mZf;fs; mitfspd; kpd;dZf;fs; gpa;j;njwpag;gl;L ntg;gj;ij cUthf;fp g;sh];kh epiyf;F khWtJ rhj;jpak;. vdNt g+Nfhsj;jpd; Mo; kl;lq;fspy; g;sh];kh kz;lyq;fs; Njhd;Wfpd;wd.

mLj;jgbahf mz;lj;Jfs;fs; (Cosmic Particles) vdg;gLk; xUtif nghUl;fSld; rpwpaNjhh; mwpKfk; nra;J nfhs;Nthk;. ,g;nghUl;fs; mZf;fspd; rpijTfspypUe;J cw;gj;jpahff; $baitahFk;. el;rj;jpu kz;lyq;fspy; fhzg;gLk; gpuk;khz;lkhd ntbg;G epfo;r;rpfspd; thapyhf mZf;fs; rpije;J> g;Nuhl;lhd;> epa+l;uhd;> kpd;dZ> gh]pl;uhd;> epa+l;hpNdh> Nkrhd;> nyg;lhd;> kpa+thd;> lht; (Proton, Nutron, Electron, Eositron, Nutrino, Meson, Lepton, Muon, Tao) vdj; Jtq;Fk; ,g;gl;baypy; Kg;gJf;Fk; Nkw;gl;l mbg;gilj; Jfs;fs; (Elementary Particles) ,Uf;ff; $Lk; vd tpQ;Qhdpfs; fUJfpd;wdh;. mz;l ntspahtpYk; ,Ue;J gha;e;J tUk; ,g;nghUl;fs; mz;lj; Jfs;fs; vd miof;fg;gLfpwJ.

mz;l ntspapy; Xh; mq;fkhfpa g+Nfhsj;jpd;ghYk;> ,j;Jfs; gha;e;J tUfpd;wd. ,itfspy; mjpf gl;rj; Jfs;fs; g+kpf;Fhpa el;rj;jpukhfpa #hpadpypUe;J tUfpd;wd. g+kpapd; kPJ NkhJk; ,e;Jfs;fs; Gtpapd; fhe;jj; JUtq;fspd; topahfTk; fhe;jg; Gydpd; Fiwghl;L kz;lyq;fs; thapyhfTk; g+kpf;Fs; CLUtp mjw;Fs;spUf;Fk; g;sh];kh kz;lyq;fisj; jhf;fp fpsh;r;rp milar; nra;fpwJ. g;sh];kh kz;lyq;fspd; fpsh;r;rp g+Nfhsj;jpd; fhe;jg; Gyd;fspYk;> mjd; Row;rpapYk; ghjpg;ig Vw;gLj;JtJld;> g+Nfhsj;jpd; jdpg;gl;l gFjpfis NkNyw;wTk;> fPopwf;fTk;; nra;J tUfpd;wd.

,t;thW tpz;zpypUe;J g+kpf;Fs; ,wq;Fk; mz;lj; Jfs;fspd; nrayhf;fj;jhy; g+Nfhsj;jpd; xU gFjp NkNyWk;NghJ gpw gFjp fPopwq;Fk; epfo;r;rpfs; g+kpapy; eilngw;Wf; nfhz;bUg;gjhy; g+Nfhsk; mire;J nfhz;bUf;Fk; xU nghUs; vd etPd tpQ;Qhdk; fz;lwpe;J Kd; fl;Liuapy; fz;l jpUkiw trdj;ij nkd;NkYk; ep&gpj;J epw;fpwJ.

jpUkiw Fh;Md; khdpl rf;jpf;Fl;gl;ljy;y vd;gjhy; mJ nka;ahfNt ,iwNtjNk vd;gjw;F vt;tsT kfj;jhd mwptpay; Mjhuq;fs; ,it vd;gijg; ghh;j;jPh;fsh?

Kd; fl;LiuapYk;> ,f;fl;LiuapYk; g+kp mire;J nfhz;bUf;Fk; xU nghUs; vd;gjw;Fhpa Mjhuq;fsha;j; jug;gl;l mwptpay; fz;L gpbg;Gfis kPz;Lk; xUKiwg; ghh;itapl;L fPo;f;fhZk; jpUkiw trdj;ij kPz;Lk; xUKiwg; gbAq;fs;!.

'g+kpf;Fs; nry;fpd;wtw;iwAk; mjpypUe;J ntspNaWfpd;wtw;iwAk;> thdj;jpypUe;J ,wq;Fgtw;iwAk; mjd;ghy; VWfpd;wtw;iwAk; mtd; mwpfpwhd;. mtd; kpf;f md;GilNahd;. kpf;f kd;dpg;gtd;." (mj;jpahak; 34 ]_uj;J];]gh 2tJ trdk;).

fle;j njhlUf;F Ke;ija njhlhpy; ehk; Ma;T nra;j ,t;trdk; g+Nfhsj;jpd; mirTfSf;Fhpa fhuzkhf etPd tpQ;Qhd cyfk; vd;d fz;Lgpbj;jdNth> mitfis ,k;kpAk; gpwyhky; 1400 Mz;LfSf;F Kd;Ng glk; gpbj;Jf; fhl;bf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; ,e;j mw;Gjf; fhl;rpia vd;dntd;W tpag;Nghk;.

,k;khkiw je;j ehadpd; cs;sikiaAk; (Existence) mg;gOf;fw;w J}a epiyiaAk; (Purity) ghuwpar; nra;J nfhz;bUf;Fk; etPd tpQ;Qhd cyfpd; mwptpay; fz;Lgpbg;Gfspd; Ftpaiyf; fhZk;NghJ mtDila jd;ikf;Nfw;g mtidg; Gfof;$ba thh;j;ijfs; VJk; fpilf;ftpy;iyNa! vd; nra;Nthk;!

mz;lj;Jfs;fspd; xd;whfpa epa+l;hpNdh vdg;gLk; Jfs;fs; tpz;zpypUe;J g+kpapd; xU gFjp topahf g+kpf;Fs; ,wq;Fk;. ,it ,wq;FtNjhly;yhky; ,it kWgFjp topahf te;j Ntfj;jpy; jpUk;gTk; g+kpapypUe;J tpz;Nzwpr; nry;fpwJ.

mz;lj;Jfs;fSk;> mz;lf; fjph; tPr;Rf;fSk; (Cosmic Radiation) tpz;zpypUe;J g+kpapd;ghy; ,wq;Fk;NghJ g+kpapd; <h;g;ghw;wYk; fhe;j tpirAk; g+kpf;Fs;spypUe;J tpz;Nzwpr; nry;fpwJ!. ,t;thW tpz;zpypUe;J kz;Zf;Fk;> kz;zpypUe;J tpz;Zf;Fk; ,wq;ff; $baitfSk; Vwf; $baitfSk; cz;L vd 1400 tUlq;fSf;F Kd; ve;j xU tpQ;QhdpahtJ fw;gid nra;J ghh;j;jpUf;f KbAkh?.

Mdhy; tpz;zpy; Vwp ,wq;ff; $baitfSk;> kz;zpy; GFe;J kPz;Lk; NkNywpr; nry;yf; $baitfSk; ,g;Nguz;lj;jpd; tbtikg;gpy; mikag; ngw;Ws;sd vd rj;jpaj; jpUkiw 1400 tUlq;fSf;F Kd; $wp epw;fpwNj! ,jidf; $w ,k;khkiwahy; vt;thW ,ad;wJ?

,d;Dkh ,k;khkiw ,iwNtjkh? vd;gjpy; Iak; nfhs;s KbAk;.

g+kpad; NkNyhl;by; fhzg;gLk; ghiw tiffspy; jPf;fy; (Basalt) mLf;Ffs; mjpfg; gSTlDk;> fUq;fy; mLf;Ffs; Fiwe;j gSTlDk; fhzg;gLfpd;wd. vdNt g+kpapd; mirTfs; fUq;fy; mLf;Ffis g+kpapd; Nky; kl;lj;jpw;Fk;> jPf;fy; mLf;Ffis g+kpapd; (g+kpapd; NkNyhl;bd;) mb kl;lj;jpw;Fk; nfhz;L nry;fpd;wd. g+Nfhsj;jpd; mirTfisg; gw;wpa Ma;TfspypUe;J fpilj;jpUf;Fk; ,j;jfty;fspypUe;J kiyfSk;> fly;fSk; Njhd;wpajw;fhd fhuzj;ij tpQ;Qhdpfshy; ,g;NghJ mDkhdpf;f KbfpwJ. vhpkiyfisj; jtpu Vida kiyfs; fUq;fy; mLf;FfshYk; (rpy kiyfs; Neubahf fy; kiyfshfTk;> rpy kiyfs; kz; kw;Wk; tz;ly; mLf;Ffshy; nghjpag;gl;l epiyapYk;) rKj;jpuj;jpd; mbj;jiufs; fUq;fy; mLf;Ffs; VJkpd;wp Neubahf jPf;fy; mLf;FfshYk; (tz;ly; mLf;FfSf;Ff; fPo;) mike;jpUg;gij Ma;Tfs; ep&gpj;Js;sd. vdNt g+Nfhsj;jpd; mirTfs; xU gf;fk;> rKj;jpuq;fspd; mbj;jiufis> g+kpapd; Mo; kl;lq;fSf;F ,wf;fpr; nry;Yk;NghJ mitfspd; NjitfSf;Nfw;g Fiwe;j nghUl;fis kiyfshfTk;> Gilg;GfshfTk; g+kpapd; Nkw;gug;gpw;F cah;j;jp tUfpwJ vdf; $Wfpwhh;fs; tpQ;Qhdpfs;. 

kiy cUthd fhuzq;fisf; $Wkplj;jpy; tpQ;Qhdpfsplk; xj;j fUj;J fhzg;gltpy;iy. g+kpapd; mr;R topr; Row;rp kiyfis cUthf;Ftjhf rpyUk;> g+Nfhsj;jpd; ntspg;Gwr; #oNy ,jw;F fhuznkd NtW rpyUk; g+kpapd; cs;sLf;fpd; ntay;ghLfSf;Fk;> kiyfSf;Fk; njhlh;Gz;L vdf; $wf; $bath;fSk;> fly; tphptiltjhy; kiyfs; vw;gLk; vd;w thjj;ij Kd; itg;gth;fs; gyUk; tpQ;Qhdpfspy; cs;sdh;. vdpDk; ,J njhlh;ghf vOg;gg;gLk; tpdhf;fSf;F jpUg;jpfukhd gjpy;fis mspj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; mwptpay; jj;Jtk; g+kpapd; mirTfis gpujpepjpj;Jtg; gLj;Jk; jj;JtNkahFk;. vdNt ,j;jj;Jtj;ij nka;ahd jj;Jtkhf vLj;Jf; nfhz;L ,jdbg;gilapy; g+kpapd; mirTfs; ek;ik mirf;fhkypUg;gjpy; kiyfspd; gq;F vd;d vd;gij ehk; rpe;jpg;Nghk;. ,e;jf; Nfhzj;jpy; ehkwpe;jtiu ahUk; Ma;Tfs; elj;jpajhfj; njhpahj fhuzj;jhy; ehNk xU Kaw;rpia Nkw;nfhs;Nthk;.

g+Nfhsk; mire;J nfhz;bUf;Fk; nghUs; vd;gjpYk; g+kpapd; ,sk; gUtj;jpy; ,jd; mirTfs; mjd; kPJ nfhe;jspg;ghd epiyfis Vw;gLj;jpapUe;jJ vd;gjpYk; ve;j tpQ;QhdpfSf;Fk; fUj;J NtWghLfs; ,y;iy. ,ijf; fUj;jpy; nfhz;L ehk; tho;e;J tUk; ,f;fhy fl;lj;jpYk; g+kpapd; kPJ ,g;NghJs;s fly;fisg; Nghd;w gs;sq;fNsh ,kak; Nghd;w kiyfNsh ,y;iynadf; nfhs;Nthk;. mg;gbg; ghh;j;jhy; jPf;fy; mLf;Ffshyhd rKj;jpuq;fspd; mbj;jiu ,d;dKk; Mo;kl;lj;jpw;F ,wq;fpr; nry;ytpy;iy vdgNj nghUshFk; vd;gJ vspjhfg; GhpfpwJ.

rKj;jpuq;fs; ahTk; g+Nfhsj;jpd; ,sk; gUtj;jpy; rpy E}W kPl;lh;fs; kl;LNk Mok; nfhz;l ePh;ntspfsha; ,Ue;jd vd Ma;Tfs; ep&gpj;Js;sd. vdNt ,g;NghJ g+Nfhsj;jpd; %d;wpy; ,uz;L gq;fhf (71 rjtPjk;) fhzg;gLk;. ,k;khngUk; epyg;gug;G g+kpf;Fs; ,wq;f Muk;gpj;jhy; g+kpapd; vQ;rpa epyg;gug;gpd; epiy vg;gb ,Uf;Fk; vd a+fpf;f Kbfpwjy;yth!? ,g;gbg;gl;l xU fl;lj;jpy; ehk; ,e;j g+kpapy; tho;Nthkhdhy; g+kpapd; Nkw;gug;gpy; Vw;gLk; mirTfspypUe;J ehk; jg;g KbAkh?. Mdhy; ,g;NghJs;s epiyapy; g+Nfhsj;jpd; mirTfs; ek;ik Neubahfg; ghjpf;fhky; ek;khy; tho KbfpwJ vdpy; mjd; nghUs; vd;d? jPf;fy; mLf;Ffs; ,wq;fpr; nry;y toptpl;lJ vd mjw;Fg; nghUs;. vdNt ek;ik Neubahfg; ghjpf;Fk; mstpw;F typikahd g+kpapd; mirTfis KbTf;Ff; nfhz;L te;jJ kiyfspd; Njhw;wNk vd;gJ Nkw;fz;l mwptpay; jj;jtj;jpypUe;J njs;sj; njspthf GydhfpwJ. ,ijj;jhNd Kd; fl;Liuapy; fz;l jpUkiw trdk; itafk; tpaf;f thrpf;fg;gLfpwJ. mij kPz;Lk; xUKiw thrpg;Nghk;. mfpyq;fspd; gilg;ghsd; $Wfpwhd;:

'g+kp cq;fSld; mirahjpUf;f mtd;> mjd; kPJ kiyfis cWjpahf epWj;jpdhd;."(my;-Fh;Md; mj;jpahak; 16 ]_uj;Je; e`;y; 15tJ trdk;).

etPd mwptpay; cyfpDila ,d;Dk; vjph;fhy mwptpay; cyfpDila Gtpapay; fz;Lgpbg;Gf;fis vt;tsT Mokhfj; jd;Dila rpd;dQ;rpW trdq;fspy; mlf;fp epw;fpwJ ,k;khkiw Fh;Md; vdg; ghh;j;jPh;fsh? kiyfisf; fhZk; ve;jf; fz;fshy; mit> g+Nfhsj;jpd; mirTfspy; typa tPr;Rf;fis KbTf;Ff; nfhz;L te;jjhy; Njhd;wpait vdg; Ghpe;J KbfpwJ?. Mdhy; me;j mw;Gjk; mw;Gjq;fSf;nfy;yk; mw;Gjkhfpa Fh;Mdhy; Kbe;Js;sJ! vJ ngha;g;gpg;gpDk; jhd; ngha;ah? vd ,t;thd;kiw g+Tyf kf;fisg; ghh;j;J fLikahd vr;rhpf;if xd;iw gpwg;gpj;Js;sJ.

'thdj;jpypUg;gtd; cq;fis g+kpapy; nrhUfptpLthd; vd;gijg; gw;wp ePq;fs; mr;rkw;W ,Uf;fpd;wPh;fsh? mg;NghJ (g+kp) mjph;e;J eLq;Fk;!"(my;-Fh;Md; mj;jpahak; 67 ]_uj;Jy; Ky;F tpd; 16tJ trdk;)

vt;tsT Mgj;jhd vr;rhpf;if ,J vdg; ghh;j;jPh;fsh?. kiyfs; g+kpapd; kPJ epWtg;gl;L tpl;ljhy; g+Nfhsk; Rj;jkhf miraNt ,y;iy vd ahUk; njdhtl;lhfj; jphpa KbahJ. Gtp tho; kf;fis GtpAld; mirf;Fk; mstpw;Fhpa typikahd mirTfs; kl;LNk jLf;fg;gl;Ls;sd vd;gij jpUkiw trdj;jpypUe;J Kd; fl;Liuapy; fz;Nlhk;. (Kd;fl;LiuAld; ,izj;J ,f;fl;LiuiaAk; thrpg;gJ rpwg;ghFk;) vdNt typik Fd;wpa Gtp mirTfs; ,g;NghJk; Gtpf;Fs; eilngWfpd;wd.

,ijg; Nghd;w Gtp mirTfspd; NghJ Gtpf;Fs; NrUk; xU tifhad tpiwg;G (Tension) vy;iyia kPWk;NghJ mit clNd epy eLf;fkhf ve;j Neuj;jpYk; g+kpapd; kPJ ntspg;gl;L mq;F thOk; kf;fs; g+kpf;Fs; GijAz;L Nghthh;fs; vd;gJ ekf;Fj; njhpAk;. vdNt epy mirTfspd; Neub ghjpg;G (epyk; mirAk; Nghnjy;yhk; mjDld; Nrh;e;J ehKk; mirjy;) jw;NghJ ekf;F Vw;gl topapy;iy vdpDk; mjDila kiwKf ghjpg;ghf cUthFk; epy eLf;fk; ek;ik ghjpf;fNt nra;Ak;.

vdNt ,k;khkiwapd; vr;rhpf;if ek;ik te;jilahjpUf;Fk; nghUl;L mJ fhl;Lk; tho;f;if newpia ehk; gpd;gw;wpahf Ntz;Lk;.

Kbthf g+Nfhsk; ,g;NghJk; $l mire;J nfhz;bUf;Fk; xU nghUs; vd;w $w;iw ek;gj; jaq;ff; $bath;fSk; ,Uf;ff; $Lk;. mth;fspd; jaf;fj;ijg; Nghf;f XhpU rhd;Wfisg; ghh;g;Nghk;.

jhfr]; kiyapd; jw;Nghija cauk; Ie;jiu fp.kP. ,J Fiwe;j gl;rk; Ik;gJ ,yl;rk; tUlq;fSf;F Kd;gpUe;J jiuf;F Nky; cauj; Jtq;fpajhf Ma;Tfs; fhl;Lfpd;wd. g+Nfhsj;jpd; ,sk; gUtj;jpy; kpff; Fiwe;j Moj;Jld; fhzg;gl;l rKj;jpuq;fs; gj;J Kjy; gjpNdhU fp.kP. mOj;jpw;F ,wq;fpr; nrd;wJk; Nkw;fz;l fhy msitf; fhl;bYk; ntF J}uj;jpy; ,y;iy. mNj fhy mstpy; ghkPUk;> ,kaKk; ,d;Ws;s cauj;ij mile;jjhf tpQ;Qhdpfs; $Wfpwhh;fs;.

gpd;yhe;J tisFlhtpd; fiug;gFjp E}W Mz;LfSf;F xUKiw xU kPl;lh; cauj;jpw;F jw;NghJ cah;e;J tUfpwJ. `hye;J rpWfr; rpWfr; jw;NghJ g+kpf;Fs; ,wq;fp tUfpwJ.

g+Nfhsk; vDk; epyg;gug;gpd; mirTfs; ,d;dKk; KOikahf epd;W tpltpy;iy vd;gjw;F Nkw;fz;litfisg; Nghd;W gy rhd;Wfis Kd; itf;Fk; mwptpayhsh;fs; ,e;j mirTfspd; Ntfj;ijAk; fzf;fpLfpd;wdh;.

Nrhtpaj; ehl;ilr; Nrh;e;j Nguhrphpah; ypa+];jp`; (Y. N. Lyustikh) vDk; tpQ;Qhdp vil $ba xU fp. kP. tpl;lk; nfhz;l epyg;gug;G E}W Nfhb tUlj;jpw;Fs; Ik;gJ fp;.kP. Moj;jpw;F ,wq;f KbAk; vd;Wk; mNj msTs;s epyg;gug;G mNj fhy mstpy; vil Fiwe;j epiyapy; ,Ue;jhy; mNj Ik;gJ fp;.kP. cauj;jpw;F Nky; Nehf;fp tu KbAk; vd;Wk; fzpj;jhh;. NkYk; epyg; gug;G %d;W fp.kP. tpl;lk; nfhz;ljhf ,Ue;jhy; mNj Nghd;W> mNj fhy mstpy; Ie;E}W fp.kP. J}uj;jpw;F ,lg;ngah;r;rp mila KbAk; vd;Wk; $Wfpwhh;.

G+Nfhsj;jpd; ,e;j mirTfs; rj;jpaj; jpUkiw $wpathW jw;NghJ kdpjh;fshfpa ekf;F mjd; Neub ghjpg;ig Vw;gLj;jtpy;iyNaj; jtpu NtW ve;j nghUSf;Fk; ve;j ghjpg;igAk; Vw;gLj;jtjpy;iy vd vz;zpf; nfhs;sf; $lhJ. mstpYk;> tPr;rpYk; Fiwe;j jw;Nghija GtpairTfshy; ghjpf;fg;gLk; nghUl;fSk; cz;L.

mZj; Jfs;fspd; Ntfj;ij mjpfhpf;f Ntz;ba Njit tpQ;QhdpfSf;F Vw;gLfpd;wd. ,ijr; nra;Ak; ,ae;jpuk; rpd;f;Nuhl;uhd; (Syncrotron) vdg;gLfpwJ. ,g;gbg;gl;l ,ae;jpuk; xd;W n[dpthtpy; epWtg;gl;Ls;sJ. Mdhy; ,e;j ,ae;jpuj;jhy; thuj;jpy; Rkhh; Kg;gJ kzp Neuj;jpw;F Nky; ,aq;f ,aytpy;iy! Vnddpy; kw;w Neuq;fspy; vy;yhk; Rtpl;rh;yhe;J mire;J nfhz;bUg;gNj fhuzkhFk;!. n[dpthtpypUe;J gy E}W fp;.kP. mg;ghy; eilngWk; epy mirTfspy; $l ,e;j ,ae;jpuk; ghjpf;fg;gLfpwJ vd;gijj;jhd; ,J fhl;LfpwJ.

rpd;f;Nuhl;uhDila ,e;j ghjpg;G kiyfshy; (kiyfis Njhw;Wtpj;j epfo;r;rpfshy;) g+kpapd; mirTfSld; kdpjh;fs; mira Ntz;ba epiy jLf;fg;gl;Ls;sNjad;wp mjd; mirTfSld; miraf; $ba nghUl;fs; ,g;NghJk; ,Uf;fpd;wd vd;gijf; fhl;b rj;jpaj; jpUkiwapd; Gtpapay; mwptpg;ig vt;tsT Mokhf> mw;Gjkhf> Mzpj;jukhf ep&gpj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;fpwJ vd;gijg; ghh;j;jPh;fsh?

,d;Dkh ,k;khkiw kdpj rf;jpf;F cl;gl;ljd;W vdTk;> vdNt mJ ,iwQhdj;jpd; ntspg;ghNl vdTk; Vw;Wf; nfhs;tjpy; Iak; nfhs;s KbAk;?

njspthd Mjhuq;fs; cq;fs; Kd; mLf;fLf;fhf itf;fg;gl;l gpd;Dk; cz;ikia cz;ik vd Vw;gjpy; vd;d jaf;fk; fhl;lyhkh? rpe;jpAq;fs; ez;gh;fNs!

khkiyfisAk;> khf;fly;fisAk; gw;wp ,k;khkiw gfUk; NkYk; rpy mwptpay; cz;ikfisAk; cq;fs; Kd; itg;Nghk;.

g+kp Xh; tphpg;G! 


vil NtWghLfspd; fhuzkhf g+Nfhsj;jpd; mLf;Ffs; (gbtq;fs;) XahJ mire;J nfhz;bUe;jd. ,e;j mirTfis xU fl;Lg;ghl;Lf;Fs; nfhz;L tUk; nghUl;L mjd; kPJ kiyfs; Njhd;wpd. ,e;j epfo;r;rpapd; thapyhf g+Nfhsj;jpd; kPJ tho;e;J nfhz;bUf;Fk; ehk; mjd; mirTfSld; mire;J nfhz;bUf;f Ntz;ba Mgj;jhd epiyapypUe;J fhg;ghw;wg; gl;Ls;Nshk; vDk; jfty;fis Ke;ija fl;Liuapy; fz;Nlhk;. ,t;tsT ,d;wpaikahj fhhpaj;ij nra;J nfhz;bUf;fpwJ rj;jpaj; jpUkiwahk; J}a Fh;Md;. mUs;kiw Fh;Md; $WfpwJ:

'ehk; g+kpia tphpg;ghfTk;> kiyfis KiyfshfTk; Mf;ftpy;iyah!" (mj;jpahak; 78 ]_uj;Je; egh - d; 7tJ kw;Wk; 8tJ trdq;fs;).

,e;j trdq;fspy; g+kp Xh; tphpg;ghfTk;> kiyfs; ,e;j tphpg;gpy; miwag;gl;l KisfshfTk; ctkhdg;gLj;jg; gl;Ls;sd. jpUkiw $Wfpd;wgb g+kp xU tphpg;ghf ,Uf;FNkahdhy; mjpy; Kisfs; Vd; miwag;gl Ntz;Lk; vd;w tpdh ,ay;ghfNt vOfpwJ. Kisfs; miwag;gltpy;iynad;why; mjw;F VNjDk; gpur;id Vw;gl;Nl jPu Ntz;Lk; vdTk;> vdNt mg;gpur;idiaj; jPh;g;gjw;fhfNt Kisfs; miwag;gl;bUf;f Ntz;Lk; me;j tpdhtpw;Fhpa gjpyhf ek;khy; vspjhf a+fpf;f Kbfpd;wJ. MfNt mg;gb vd;d gpur;id ekJ g+ tphpg;ig vjph;Nehf;fpAs;sJ vd;gij ehk; rpe;jpj;jhf Ntz;Lk;. vdNt Kisfshy; jPuf; $ba gpur;id vJthf ,Uf;f KbAk; vd;w tpdhit ,g;NghJ vOg;GNthk;. 

ekJ md;whl tho;f;ifapy; ,lk; ngauf;$ba (efuf; $ba) xU nghUspd; my;yJ xU elkhLk; gpuhzpapd; (cjhuzk;: ML> khL Nghd;w tpyq;fpdq;fs;) ,lg;ngah;r;rpia xU fl;Lg;ghl;by; itg;gjw;fhf ehk; mitfis Kisfspd; kPJ gpizj;J itf;fpNwhk;. vdNt Kisfs; vd;git ,lg; ngah;r;rpfis fl;Lg; gLj;Jk; rhjdk; vd ,e;jf; Nfhzj;jpy; nghUs; nfhs;s KbfpwJ. vdNt Kisfshy; jPuf;$ba gpur;idahf g+kp vjph; nfhz;bUg;gJ mjd; ,lg;ngah;r;rpiaah!?. ]_g;`hdy;yh`;!.

,lg;ngah;r;rp vd;why; vg;gbg;gl;l ,lg;ngah;r;rp? g+Nfhsj;jpd; mLf;Ffs; NkYk; fPOk; efh;fpwNj me;j ,lg; ngah;r;rpah? Mdhy; GtpaLf;Ffspd; fPo;Nky; mirTfisj; jLg;gjw;F kiyfs; cUthFtNj NghJkhdJ. mit Kisfshfg; gad;glj; Njitapy;iyNa!. Kisfs; vd;gij efuf; $baitfspd; gf;fthl;L efh;Titj; jLg;gjw;fhfNt miwag;gLfpwJ vd;gJ fz;$L. mg;gbg; ghh;j;jhy; g+kpahdJ fPo;> Nky; mirTfisf; nfhz;bUe;jNjhL kl;Lkpd;wp> gf;fthl;Lefh;TfisAk; nfhz;bUe;jjh?.

vd;djhd; $WfpwJ ,e;j mw;Gj Ntjk;?

,iwth! eP kpfg;nghpatd;! cdf;F ctikfs; ,y;iy! cdf;F epfh; ePNa Mtha;! cd; jpUtrdq;fis nka;g;gpg;gjpy; etPd tpQ;Qhd cyfpd; mwptpay; fz;Lgpbg;Gfnsy;yhk; Nghl;bapl;L epw;gijf; fz;L ehq;fs; ,Njh jpifj;J epw;fpNwhk;.

rj;jpaj; jpUkiwahk; J}a Fh;Md; $wpaijg; Nghd;W kiyfnsy;yhk; KisfshfNt g+kpapd; kPJ mikag; ngw;Ws;sd vdpy; ehk; tho;e;J nfhz;bUf;Fk; ,e;j g+kpahdJ fPo; Nky; mirTfis kl;Lkpd;wp> gf;fthl;L mirTfisAk; Njhw;Wtpf;fpwJ vd;gJ Iaj;jpw;fplkpd;wpj; njspthfpwJ. rj;jpaj; jpUkiwapd; ,e;j mhpa mwtpay; gpuflzj;ijg; gw;wp etPd tpQ;Qhd cyfk; vd;d $WfpwJ?.

jpUkiw $wpathW g+Nfhsj;jpd; epyg;gug;Gfs; gf;fthl;bYk; efh;fpwJ vdpy; mjw;Fhpa rhj;jpaf;$W VNjDk; cz;lh vd;w tpdhit ehk; Kjypy; vOg;GNthk;. ,e;j tpdhtpw;Fhpa gjpy; me;j trdq;fspNyNa mofhff; fhl;rp jUfpwJ. Vnddpy; ,e;j trdq;fspy; g+kpia xU tphpg;G vd;Nw jpUkiw $WfpwJ. vdNt tphpg;Gf;fs; vJTk; tphpf;fg;gl;l nghUspd; kPJ gpizf;fg;glhky; ,Uf;FNkahdhy;> mNj Neuj;jpy; me;j tphpg;gpd; kPJ VNjDk; tpirfs; nray;gl;lhy; mij gf;fthl;by; efur; nra;Ak; vd;gJ njspT. vdNt ehk; ,g;NghJ Ma;T nra;J nfhz;bUf;Fk; mw;Gj trdj;jpd; nghUl;gjpT NkYk; tphptile;J g+Nfhsj;jpd; epyg; gug;Gfis gf;fthl;by; efh;j;jf; $bajhf VNjh xU tpirAk; g+kpapd; kPJ nray;gLfpwJ vDk; mhpa mwptpaiyAk; cs;slf;fp epw;fpwJ! ]_g;`hdy;yh`;!

,Jtiu tpthjpj;j tpguq;fspypUe;J ehk; Ma;tpw;nfLj;Jf; nfhz;l rpd;dQ;rpW trdq;fspy; fUf; nfhz;bUe;j mwptpay; mw;Gjq;fis XusT tpsq;fpf; nfhz;Nlhk;. vdNt jpUkiw tpsk;gpf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; ,g;Gtp mwptpay;fspypUe;J Kjyhtjhf g+kp ekf;F tphpg;ghfj;jhd; mikag; ngw;Ws;sjh vd etPd tpQ;Qhdf; fz;L gpbg;Gfisf; nfhz;L Ma;T nra;Nthk;.

rj;jpaj; jpUkiw ekJ g+kpia tphpg;G vdf; $WfpwNj. tphpg;G vd;why; vd;d nghUs;? ,jid tphpg;Gf;Fk;> tphpg;G my;yhj Vida nghUl;fSf;Fk; ,ilapy; fhzg;gLk; Xh; ,aw;gpay; NtWghl;bypUe;J (Physical Difference) ehk; Ghpe;J nfhs;syhk;. ekJ md;whl tho;f;ifapy; fl;by; my;yJ jiuapd; kPJ ekJ gLf;if trjpf;fhf tphpg;Gfisg; gad;gLj;JfpNwhk;. ,jd; tpisthf fl;by; my;yJ jiuapd; fbdj; jd;ikiaj; jtph;j;J ehk; nkd;ikia mZgtpf;fpNwhk;. vdNt tphpg;G vd;gJ mJ vjd;kPJ tphpf;fg;gl;Ls;sNjh mjidtpl nkd;ikahf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk; vdgJ njspT. nghUl;fspd; nkd;ik my;yJ fbdj;jd;ikfis eph;zapf;Fk; ,aw;gpay; fhuzp mitfspd; mlh;j;jp (Density)Na MFk; vd;gij ehk; mwpNthk;. ,jpypUe;J xU nghUs; tphpg;ghf ,Uf;f Ntz;LNkahdhy; mg;nghUs; vjd;kPJ tphpf;fg;gl;Ls;sNjh mjidf; fhl;bYk; Fiwalh;j;jpf; nfhz;ljhf ,Ue;jhf Ntz;Lk; vDk; mwptpay; Nehf;if ,Wjpahf te;jilfpNwhk;.

,g;NghJ ,q;F $wg;gl;l mwptpay; Nehf;fpy; g+kp tphpg;ghfj;jhd; ,Uf;fpwjh vdf; fz;lwpa Ntz;Lkhapd; g+kp vDk; tphpg;G vjd; kPNjh tphpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ vdTk; mg;nghUs; ahJ vdTk; ehk; fz;L gpbj;jhf Ntz;Lk;! ,ij vg;gb fz;L gpbf;fyhk;?.

,jw;Fhpa gjpiyAk; $l ehk; Ma;T nra;J nfhz;bUf;Fk; trdk; jdf;Fs; nfhz;Ls;sJ. Mk;! tphpg;gpd;kPJ Kisfs; miwg;gl;bUg;gjhf mNj trdk; $WfpwJ. Kisfs; ahTk; tphpg;G vjd; kPJ tphpf;fg;gl;Ls;sNjh mjDila tphpg;igg; gpizj;J itf;fNt gad;glf; $bajhf ,Ug;gjhy; me;j Kisfspd; mbg;gFjp mJ tphpf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk; nghUspd; kPNj ,wq;fpapUf;f Ntz;Lk;. vdNt Kisfshfr; nrhy;yg;gl;l kiyfspd; mbg;gFjp ve;j nghUspd; kPJ ,wq;fpapUf;fpwJ? mit g+Nfhsj;jpd; cl;gFjpapNyNa md;wp Ntnwq;Fk; ,wq;ftpy;iy vd;gij ehk; mwpNthk;. vdNt g+Nfhsj;jpd; cl;gFjp vd;gJ g+Nfhsj;jpd; Nkw;gug;G tphpf;fg;gl;Ls;s Nkil vd;gJk; mjd; Nkw;gug;Ng ekf;F tphpg;ghf Mf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ vd;gJk; ,e;j trdq;fspypUe;J njspthf tpsq;FfpwJ.

jpUkiw je;J nfhz;bUf;Fk; ,e;j tpsf;fj;jpw;fpira g+Nfhsj;jpd; Nkw;gug;G ekf;F tphpg;ghf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lkhdhy; mjd; cl;gFjpiaf; fhl;bYk; mjd; Nkw;gug;G Fiwe;j mlh;j;jpAld; mikag; ngw;wpUf;f Ntz;Lk;. mt;thWjhd; g+Nfhsj;jpd; Nkw;gug;G mike;Js;sjh? etPd mwptpay; fz;Lgpbg;Gfs; ,ijg;gw;wp vd;d $Wfpd;wd?

g+Nfhsj;jpd; fl;Lkhdg; nghUl;fspd; mlj;jpiaf; fz;lwpa mjph;tiy Ma;Tfs; gad;gLfpd;wd vd Kd; fl;Liufspy; fz;Nlhk;. me;j Ma;tpypUe;J fpilj;j jfty;fs; ,q;F ekf;Fj; JizGhpfpd;wd. g+Nfhsk; nkhj;jj;ijAk; fzf;fpy; nfhz;lhy; mjd; ruhrhp mlh;j;jp 5.52 Mf ,Uf;fpwJ. mNj rkak; g+Nfhsj;jpd; NkNyhl;il kl;Lk; vLj;Jf; nfhz;lhy; mjd; ruhrhp mlh;j;jp ntWk; 2.63 Mff; Fiwe;J tpLfpwJ. mjpYk; NkNyhl;bd; Nkw;gug;gpy; fhzg;gLk; mlh;j;jp NkYk; Fiwe;J fhzg;gLfpwJ.

jhJg; nghUl;fspd; mlh;j;jpia Jy;ypakhf fzpg;gjw;F 'E}g;" msit Kiw (Knoop Scale) gad;gLfpwJ. NkNyhl;bd; Nkw;gug;gpy; gutyhff; fhzg;gLk; xU rpy jhJf;fisr; rhd;whf vLj;Jf; nfhs;Nthk;. ,itfspy; lhf;> [pg;]k;> fhy;irl;> /g;NshiuL> mgily;> Mh;Njhf;sh];; (Talc, Gypsum, Calcite, Fluorite, Orthoclase) Nghd;wit jhJf;fspd; rpy tiffshFk;. ,itfspd; fbdj; jd;ik (Hardness) KiwNa 12> 32> 135> 163> 395> 560 E}g;fshFk;. mNj Neuj;jpy; Nkw;gug;Gf;Ff; fPo; gutyhff; fhzg;gLk; NlhghrpypUe;J ituk; (Topaz to Diamond) tiuapyhd jhJf;fspd; fbdj; jd;ik 1250 ypUe;J 8500 E}g;fshFk; vd kjpg;gplg;gl;Ls;sJ.

etPd tpQ;Qhd cyfpd; fz;Lgpbg;GfspypUe;J fpilj;jpUf;Fk; ,g;Gs;sp tpguq;fs; g+Nfhsj;jpd; Nkw;gug;G mjd; cl; gFjpapd; kPJ xU tphpg;igg; Nghd;W Nghh;j;jg;gl;Ls;sJ vdf; $wp jpUkiw Fh;Mid nka;g;gpj;J epw;fpwJ.

,e;j ,lj;jpy; rpyUf;F kw;nwhU tpdhTk; vof;$Lk;. g+Nfhsj;jpd; Nkw;gug;G nka;ahfNt tphpg;ghfj;jhd; mike;Js;sjh? vDk; Ma;tpy; mjd; fbdj; jd;ikia kl;Lk; fUj;jpy; nfhz;lhy; KiwahFkh? mjd; tbtj;ijAk; fUj;jpy; nfhs;s Ntz;lhkh? g+Nfhsj;jpd; Nkw;gug;G mjd; cl;gFjpia tpl kpUJthf ,Ue;j NghjpYk; mjd; kPJ NkL gs;sq;fs; fhzg;gLfpd;wdNt! tphpg;ghf ,Uf;Fk; xU nghUspy; NkL gs;sq;fs; ,Uf;fyhkh? vd;gNj me;j tpdhthFk;.

tphpg;G vd;gJ nkd;ikahf ,Ug;gJld; NkL gs;sq;fs; mw;wjhfTk; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk; vDk; vz;zk; NtWk; gLf;if tphpg;ig kl;Lk; fUj;jpy; nfhs;tjhy; Vw;gLtjhFk;. Mdhy; jpUkiw $Wk; tphpg;G vd;gJ tho;tpay; eltbf;iffis epth;j;jp nra;tjw;F Vw;w tifapy; mike;j epy tphpg;ghFk;. vdNt gQ;rpy; nea;j tphpg;igg; Nghd;W kz;zpy; tbj;j tphpg;ig vjph;ghh;j;jhy; jtwhFk;. ekJ flg;ghiwfSk; fyg;igfSk; gad;glj;jf;f tpjj;jpy; mjd; nkd;ikAk; ehKk; ekJ thfdq;fSk; gazk; nra;aj;jf;f tpjj;jpy; mjd; tbtKk; ,Ue;jhy; mJNt ekJ g+kpia (g+Nfhsj;jpd; Nkw;gug;ig) mwptpay; Nehf;fpy; tphpg;G vd;w nrhy;ypw;F Vw;wjhf;fp tpLfpwJ.

tpz;zfj;jpy; fhzg;gLk; Vida epyg;gug;Gfis Ma;T nra;Ak; mwpTk;> jpwDk; etPd tpQ;Qhdk; ngw;wTld; ekJ g+Tyfpd; epyg;gug;G Vida epyg;gug;Gf;fSld; xg;gpl;L ghh;f;fg;gLk;nghOJ xU tphpg;igg;Nghd;Nw fhl;rpaspf;fpwJ vd;gij ekf;fwptpj;J ek;ik tpag;gpy; Mo;j;jpf; nfhz;bUf;fpwJ.

rhd;whf epyitg; gw;wpa Ma;it vLj;Jf; nfhs;Nthk;. epytpd; epyg;gug;igg; gw;wp Mq;fpy thdpay; fofj;jpd; epyTg; gphptpd; ,af;Fduhf (Directors of Lunars Section/British Astronomical Association) gzpahw;wpa lhf;lh; tpy;fpd;]; (Dr. Wilkins) vDk; mwptpayhsh; epytpd; Nkw;gug;G KOtJk; Gilg;GfshfTk;> fuL KulhfTk; (Rough and Warted) fhzg;gLtjhy; ,jDld; g+kpia xg;gpLk;NghJ g+kpahdJ rkjskhff; fhzg;gLfpwJ vdf; $wp g+kp ekf;F tphpg;ghf Mf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ vDk; jpUkiw trdj;ij mwpe;Njh mwpahkNyh ep&gpf;fpwhh;.

epyitg; gw;wpa lhf;lh; tpy;fpd;]; Nghd;w mwptpayhsh;fspd; $w;iwg; ghh;f;Fk;NghJ fPo;f;fhZk; trdKk; ekJ ftdj;ij ntFthf <h;f;fpwJ. jpUkiw $WfpwJ:

'g+kp mirahjpUg;gjw;fhf cWjpahd kiyfis ehk; mjpy; epWtpNdhk;. (NkYk;) mth;fs; topawpTk; nghUl;L (ehk;) mjpy; mfd;w ghijfisAk; mikj;Njhk;." (mj;jpahak; 21 ]_uj;Jy; md;gpah tpd; 31tJ trdk;)

1400 tUlq;fSf;F Kd;dhy; ,wf;fg;gl;l ,e;j trdj;ijf; Nfs;tpgl;l mf;fhyj;J kf;fspy; gyh; ,ijg; gw;wp vd;d epidj;jpUg;ghh;fs;? g+kp xU epyg;gug;ghf ,Ug;gjhy;jhd; mjpy; gazk; nra;tjw;Nfw;w ghijfs; ,Uf;fpd;wd. epyk; vd;w xd;W ,Ue;jhy; mjpy; gazk; nra;a ghijfSk; ,Uf;fj;jhNd nra;Ak;! mjpy; mg;gbnad;d Fwpg;gpl;Lr; nrhy;Yk; mstpw;F rpwg;gk;rk; te;J tpl;lJ vd;w vz;zk;jhd; Vw;gl;bUf;Fk;.

Mdhy; ,Ugjhk; E}w;whz;bd; mwptpay; fz;Lgpbg;Gfs; mth;fSila vz;zk; jtW vd;Wk; epyg; gug;Gf;fs; ahTk; g+kpiag; Nghd;W rkjskhf ,Ue;J gaz rhj;jpaj;ijg; (ghijfis) ngw;wpUf;f Ntz;ba fl;lhak; vJTk; ,y;iynad;Wk;> me;j epyg; gug;Gf;fs; epyitg; Nghd;W KOtJk; Gilg;GfshfTk;> fuLKuLfshfTk; mike;J gaz rhj;jpak; mw;wjhfTk; mikayhk; vd;Wk; njspT gLj;jp jpUkiwia nka;g;gpj;J tUfpd;wd.

vt;tsT ftdkhf rj;jpaj; jpUkiwapd; xt;nthU thh;j;ijfisAk; etPd tpQ;Qhdf; fz;L gpbg;Gfs; nka;g;gpj;J tUfpd;wd vd;gijg; ghh;j;jPh;fsh?

kPz;Lk; xU Kiw me;j trdj;ijg; gbj;Jg; ghUq;fs; ez;gh;fNs!

'g+kp mirahjpUg;gjw;fhf cWjpahd kiyfis ehk; mjpy; epWtpNdhk;. (NkYk;) mth;fs; topawpTk; nghUl;L (ehk;) mjpy; mfd;w ghijfisAk; mikj;Njhk;." (mj;jpahak; 21 ]_uj;Jy; md;gpah tpd; 31tJ trdk;).

mirAk; g+kpia cWjpg; gLj;j kiyfis epWtpaNjhly;yhky; gaz trjpf;fhf ghijfisAk; mjpy; mikj;jpUf;fhtpby; Mhpah;fisg; Nghd;w ehNlhbf; $l;lq;fSf;F ifgh; fztha; Nghd;w ghijfs; fpilj;jpUf;Fkh? ifgh;fs; ,y;iynad;why; mth;fisg; Nghd;Nwhh; jhq;fs; nrd;wila Ntz;ba ,lq;fSf;Fhpa topia (khh;f;fj;ij)j;jhd; mwpe;jpUg;ghh;fsh?

mJjhd; Nghfl;Lk; g+kpapd; epyg;gug;G epyitg; Nghd;W ,Ue;jpUf;FNkahdhy; ,d;iwa etPd cyfpd; Nkhl;lhh; thfdq;fSf;F ehk; mikj;jpUg;gijg; Nghd;W nraw;ifr; rhiyfis (jhh;> rpnkz;l;> fhz;fphPl;)j;jhd; ek;khy; mikj;jpUf;f KbAkh?.

vdNt g+kp xU tphpg;ghfTk; mNjhL mJ ghijfisAk; (gaz rhj;jpaj;ijAk;) nfhz;Ls;sJ vd;gij g+Nfhsj;jpd; Xh; rpwg;gk;rkhf xUth; Fwpg;gpl Ntz;LNkahdhy; Fiwe;j gl;rk; mg;gbf; Fwpg;gpl;lth; tpz;zpy; cs;s Vida epyg;gug;GfisAk; fz;Zw;W mitfSld; g+kpia xg;gpl;L ghh;j;jtuhfj;jhd; ,Uf;f KbAk; vd;gij ek;khy; kWf;f KbAkh?.
xUf;fhy; tof;fk;Nghy; khkdpjh; K`k;kJ (]y;) mth;fspd; fhyj;jpy; tho;e;j tpQ;Qhdpfs; ahNuDk; tpz;zpy; gwe;J nrd;W Vida Nfhs;fisnay;yhk; fz;Zw;W g+Nfhsj;jpd; ,e;j rpwg;gpay;Gfis mtUf;F vLj;Jiuj;jhh; vdTk; mjd; fhuzkhfj;jhd; Fh;Mdpy; ,e;j mwptpay; tpguw;fnsy;yhk; ,lk; ngw;wJ vdTk; VNjDk; mwpT [Ptpfs;(?) gpjw;wg; Nghfpd;wdth?

gpjw;wf; $baitfnsy;yhk; gpjw;wpf; nfhz;bUf;fl;Lk;. mitfis gw;wp ekf;F mf;fiuapy;iy! Mdhy; gphpj;jwpAk; jpwd; ngw;wth;fs; ahNuh mth;fs;jhk; ek; mf;fiuf;Fhpath;fs;. mth;fsplk;jhd; ehk; Ngrpf; nfhz;bUf;fpNwhk;. vdNt g+kpiaf; fz;Zw;wijg; Nghd;W tpz;zpYs;s ,ju epyg;gug;GfisAk; fz;Zw;w xUtuhyd;wp ,e;j thh;j;ijfis $wpapUf;f ,ayhJ vd;gjw;F NghJkhd mwptpay; jlaq;fis ,Ugjhk; E}w;whz;L fz;L gpbj;jjw;Fg; gpd;Dk; ,k;khkiw Fh;MDila Mrphpad; rh;t epr;rakhf Xh; kdpjuy;y vd;gij ek;kpy; ahNuDk; Vw;fj; jaf;fk; tUkh?

Vw;fj; jaq;FNthh; ahNuh mth;fs; mwptpaiy kjpf;Fk; gz;GilNahh;jhkh?

rpe;jpf;f Ntz;lhkh ez;gh;fNs!

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