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Octavian Goga
(1881-1938)

Poveste de jale
[Sad story]
1907

 

 

Internet Modern Jewish History Sourcebook for Central and Eastern Europe


SOURCE OF MATERIAL: "Poveste de jale,” in Ţara noastră, I, 4, January 21, 1907, 55-59.

Republished in O seamă de cuvinte (Sibiiu: Biblioteca Poporală a Asociaţiunii, No. 31, Tiparul Tipografiei Arhidiecezane, 1908), pp. 18-22.

NOTES: WEB Chronology

CONTENT: ”Poveste de jale"; "Sad story" - transtaled

 

 

 

 


Poveste de jale

Dacă trecĭ cu căruţul prin cutare sat de pe cīmpia Ardealuluĭ orĭ de pa Tīrnave şi te opreşti īn drum, să-ţi hodineştĭ caiĭ la crīşma din capul satului, cel ce va scoate capul pe fereastră, să-ţĭ deie bună ziua şi să te poftească, cu multă plecăciune, īn curte, va fi de bună seamă un Jidan bătrīn adus de spete, cu barba miţoasă, cu perciuniĭ cīrlionţatĭ şi cu ochiĭ de veveriţă. Aşa e īn maĭ toate satele. Nu numaĭ crīşma - şi bolta a ajuns pe mīna lor. Dacă aĭ trece prin cinsprezece sate şi ţi-aĭ pune īn gīnd să-ţĭ aprinzi ciubucul, numai cu chibrit cumpărat dela boltaş romān, apoĭ de bună seamă că n'aĭ face pagubă īn tutun.

Povestea tuturor acestor boltaşi şi crīşmarĭ se aseamănă.

Mi-aduc aminte din copilărie. Pare că-l văd şi acum pe jupīnu Barbă-putredă, cum īl poreclea satul pe crīşmarul jidan. Atunci era un moşneag cu chipul de Caiafă, cu barba albă ruginită. Umbla cu cīrja, de slăbănog ce era, şi īn toată făptura lui numaĭ ochiĭ trăiau. Ochiĭ aceia micĭ şi strălucitorĭ carĭ jucaŭ sub tremurarea pleoapelor. Acest moşneag batjocorit de tot satul, după care strigaŭ copiiĭ, a măsurat patruzecĭ de anĭ rachiul īn porţiile creştinilor din sătuleţul de pe Tīrnave. Īn această vreme s'aŭ schimbat sumedeniĭ de treburĭ şi rīnduielĭ īn sat: || fruntaşii aŭ ajuns la sapă de lemn, oamenĭ de neam bun aŭ plecat īn ţară să se bage slugĭ, un jude al satuluĭ s'a iscălit pentru cutare «domn» şi i-aŭ vīndut tot, mulţĭ aŭ ajuns la temniţă chiar dela masa din crīşmă, - numaĭ el a rămas īn pace şi sănătate. L-aŭ īnjurat toţĭ, i-aŭ făgăduit că-ĭ smulg barba, cīnd l-aŭ prins cu minciuna. Şi el tot s'a ridicat. Banĭ nu cerea dela care nu avea; beutură aducea bucuros, pe aşteptare, se făcea totdeauna mic ca purecele şi īnsemna datoria creştinilor cu creta pe uşă. Aşa a ajuns deasupra cu īncetul. Īntīi şi-a cumpărat casa īn care trăia cu chirie. Maĭ tīrziŭ un petec din grădina vecinuluĭ. Făcea lumīnărĭ de săŭ şi le vindea pe ouă. Pe vremea seceriĭ, vindea pe grīŭ, la cules de viĭ, pe must. Şi-avea de tot felul: galoane şi arniciŭ şi cerceĭ şi năframe şi piper… Se jeluia īn toată bună vremea că-i sărac, că moare de foame, că beutura se scumpeşte. Notaruluĭ īĭ trimetea totdeauna cīte două gīşte grase la Crăciun, şi pe jandarmĭ, cīnd treceaŭ prin sat, īĭ omenea cu papricaş de găină şi le da beutură fără banĭ… Băieţiĭ şi-ĭ trimetea la şcoală la Aiud. Şi se plāngea că aŭ să-ĭ pue capul, că risipesc tot, că aŭ să ajungă pe drumuri… Īl aud ca acum: «Mi prăpădeşte Herşălă, mi prăpădeşte…

Eĭ, şi ştiţĭ ce s'a ales pe urmă? Ce-a rămas moştenire după acest Barbă-putredă, slăbănog, cīnd şi-a īnchis pe ecie ochiĭ aceia fără astīmpăr? Aŭ rămas banĭ; banĭ claie-grămadă. I-a scos Herşălă cu frate-săŭ de supt perină, unde eraŭ īnvăliţĭ īntr'un fund de ciorap. Atunci Herşălă cu frate-săŭ eraŭ īmbrăcaţĭ domneşte, fără urmă de perciunĭ şi ştiau numaĭ ungureşte… Aŭ vīndut cocioaba hodorogită şi astăzĭ Herşălă are fabrică de spirt la oraş, frate-săŭ e domn mare īn Peşta şi maĭ deunăzi spunea cutare la moară că ar fi auzit că vine să-l aleagă oameniĭ de deputat…

Aşa e oamenĭ bunĭ, povestea. Aşa se ridică pe || spatele voastre acest neam isteţ. Se ridică şi vă supune, pentrucă īn mīna lor ajunge banul. Şi banul e puterea. La fabrica de spirt, al căreĭ horn varsă sumeţ fumul īn văzduh e īntreg temeiul din truda voastră. Acolo-s creiţariĭ pentru rachiŭ şi ouele şi grīul şi mustul şi toate cele. Şi domnul Herşălă prăseşte ceafă tot maĭ groasă. Şi- schimbat şi haina şĭ numele. Şi nu-şi maĭ aduce aminte de nimic. Nicĭ de cīnd l-a trīntit cutare īn părăŭ, cīnd sta īncă īn faţa crīşmeĭ tată-săŭ, nicĭ de cīnd ducea lumīnărĭ la sătenĭ. Nu maĭ ştie nimic, şi dacă ar īndrăzni să se apropie cutare de dīnsul dintre ţăraniĭ cumpărătorĭ de odinioară, să-ĭ ceară ajutor, l-ar da pe trepte… Nicĭ slugĭ nu vrea din satul unde e şi astăzĭ cocioaba veche. Zice că-ĭ sătul de oameniĭ ăştia. Şi ştiţĭ ce maĭ zice? Zice că-s hoţĭ!

Povestea acestui sătuleţ o auziţĭ, cinstiţĭ cetitorĭ, īn toate părţile. Maramureşul geme de eĭ. Acolo sīnt cīt nisipul măriĭ. Moldova īntreagă a ajuns, pe mīna lor. Şi aicĭ şi dincolo s'aŭ lăţit īn dreapta şi stīnga. Şi unde aŭ pus odată piciorul acela care tremură la genunchĭ, acolo aŭ prins putere. Prind rădăcini īn grabă şi se sporesc ca iepuriĭ de casă. Şi unde-aŭ ajuns să alege praf de truda gorpodarilor. Īn Maramureş şi īn Moldova ţăraniĭ īngheaţă de frig īn casă şi n'aŭ o coajă de mălaĭ şi-s || bolnavi şi flămānzi şi se prăpădesc de pe faţa pămīntuluĭ.

Neamul nostru de firea luĭ e pacĭnic şi nu vrea răul deaproapeluĭ. Romānul nu vrea stricăciunea altuia. Nu se bucură cīnd s'a rupt roate la carul sasului şi-l vede īn mijloc de drum, stīnd fără ajutor. Dimpotrivă se opreşte şi-l ajută cu acareturĭ din carul luĭ. Dar acest neam bun, milos, cuviincios şi iertător nu trebuie lăsat īn prada acelora carĭ vin cu meşteşugul ascuns al făţărnicieĭ asupra luĭ. Hărnicia luĭ cere roadă. Şi nimenĭ nu poate fi acel judeţ păcătos care ar putea cere ca tot ce-aŭ cīştigat aceĭ oamenĭ necăjuiţiĭ asudīnd o viaţă īntreagă la plug, să treacă īn coşul celor de sīnge străin, carĭ habar n'aŭ de durere şi de plīnsoarea lor…

De-aceia toţĭ ceĭ carĭ trăiesc īn mijlocul sătenilor noştri, din toate părţile, să-şĭ deie seama de trebuinţa uneĭ premenirĭ. Să chibzuiască cu minte şi inimă curată. Să se gīndească că puterea şi bunăstarea unuĭ neam īşĭ are rădăcinile īn punga oamenilor. Să ştie că sărăcia face pe sătenĭ slabĭ de īnger, umiliţĭ şi păcătoşĭ. Şi să găsească un chip de ajutor. Nu vorbe aruncate īntre ciocnirĭ de păhare. Nu vorbe - ci fapte.

Īn locul acelor crīşmarĭ şi boltaşi cu perciunĭ de ce nu s'ar aşeza, īn aceiaşĭ meserie, romānĭ de-aĭ noştri? Şi de ce nu s'ar face tovărăşiĭ, ca tot satul să cumpere dela omul de leagea noastră?

Ştiŭ, că Romāniĭ de pe cīmpie orĭ ceĭ de pe Tīrnave nu sīnt de felul lor potriviţĭ pentru astfel de treburĭ. Oamenĭ necăjiţĭ de veacurĭ, chinuiţĭ de amarul iobăgieĭ, n'aŭ avut īncă vreme să-şi cīştige īndeletnicirĭ carĭ se trezesc numaĭ īn mintea slobodă. Dar avem oameniĭ noştri de pe la marginea ţăriĭ - aşa zişiĭ mărginennĭ. Eĭ sīnt de-o fire maĭ negustorească, aŭ maĭ || multă carte şi pricepere, cu cartea aŭ judecata şi īndrăzneala cuminte.

Sīnt o mulţime de sate unde s'au aşezat şi-aŭ stīrpit pe duşman. Această cale e cea maĭ potrivită pentru apărare şi trebuie negreşit aleasă.

De altfel ţăranul nostru va asuda īnainte īn arşiţa soarelui, se va trudi fără spor, minţit şi jupuit; iar urmaşiĭ luĭ «domnu'», Herşălă graşĭ ca pepeniĭ, vor chefui veselĭ īnainte…


Sad story 

If you cross with the cart through some village from the plain of Transylvania or of Tirnave and you stop on your way to give rest to your horses in front of the village tavern, the one who will appear in the window, to salute you and to invite you, with many bows, in the yard, will be of course an old bent Yid, with fleecy beard, with curled ringlets and squirrel eyes. This is the same in all villages. Not only the tavern but even the 'vault' / store id in their hand. If you cross through fifteen villages and you think to light your cigar only with matches bought from a Romanian merchant, then of course you will preserve your tobacco.

The stories of all these merchants and barmen are the same.

I remember from my childhood. Like I really see even now the sirrah Putrid-beard, the Yid barman so-called by villagers. Then he was on old man with the face like Caiapha, with the white rusty beard. He was walking with a stick, because he was so weak, and in his entire creature only the eyes was vivid`. Those eyes that was rolling under the trembling of the eyelids. This old man derided by all villagers and behind who the children were roaring was measuring for forty years the brandy in the doors of Christians from the village from Tirnave. In this time many things was changing in the village: the notables were coming to a morsel of bread, people with a good origin went to by servants, one judge[1] of the village signed for some "gentleman" and they sold all their property, many people went to prison directly from the tavern table, - only he remained in peace and healthiness. Everybody swore at him, everybody promised him that they would pull out his beard when they found his lies. But he was the only one who rose. He did not ask for money from those that had not; he brought gladly beverage, in change of waiting, and he made oneself a little like a flea and marked the debts of Christians with chalk on the door. In this way he rose slowly above others. Firstly he bought the house in that he had lived until then as a tenant. Thereafter, he brought a little part from the orchard of his neighbor. He was making tallow candles and selling them for eggs. In the periods of harvest, he was selling for grains, in the periods of vintage for wine. And he had a lot of things: braids and 'arniciu' and ear rings and kerchiefs and pepper ... He was all times lamenting that he was poor, that he was starving, that the beverage was more and more expensive. He was sending all the time to the notary two fat geese for the Christmas, when policemen cross through the village he was receiving hospitably with papricas[2] and giving them a drink for free... He sent his sons the School from Aiud. And he was lamenting that they will kill him, that they disperse all the wealth, that they will be homeless... I remember perfectly: 'They squander them [money] they squander...’

So, do you know what was happened after that? What remained as the heritage after this Putrid-beard, weedy, when he closed his vivid eyes forever? A lot of money remained; higgledy-piggledy money. Hersala and his brother took out under the pillow where they were covered in a bottom of a sock.. Then Harsala and his brother was dressed like gentlemen, without any ringlets and they were knowing only Hungarian language ... They sold the old house and today Harsala has a spirit factory in the town and his brother is a very important gentleman in Pesta and few days ago somebody said at the mill that he heard about him that will come to be elected by people deputy...

This is the story, good people. In this way this smart kind of people rise on your back. They rise and they subjugate, because in their hand the money came. And money means power. In the spirit factory, from whose (chimney/flue/smoke stack/ funnel) split out in the sky the proud smoke, there is all the meaning of your toil. There is money for brandy and eggs, and grain and wine and everything else. And Mr. Hersala cultivates his nape more and more thick.[3] He changed his coat and name. He do not remember anything. Neither the moment when some threw him down in a rivulet, when he stood in front of the tavern of his father, nor when he was bringing candles to the villagers. He does not remember anything, and if somebody would dare to get close to him, some from the former customer-peasants, and to ask for some support, he would push him on the steps... He do not want even to have servants from the village where the old hut still exists. He says that is enough for these people. And do you know what else? He says that they are thieves!

Honest listeners, you hear this story of this little village everywhere. The Maramures is moaning about them [Jews]. There they are like the sands of the sea. All Moldavia fell into their hand. Here and there they widened everywhere. Where they put their trembling foot, there they griped the power. They fast took roots and multiply like house rabbits. And where they come, the work of the peasant householders becomes dust. In Maramures and in Moldavia the peasants are freezing in their houses and they have not even a hominy crust and they are sick and starving and they disappear from the surface of the earth.

Our nation has a peaceful nature, is kind and means no one any harm. The Romanian do not want to harm anybody. He is not glad when a wheel of the cart of his neighbor Saxon is broken and he sees him in the middle of the road without any help. On the contrary, he stops and helps him. But this gentle, charitable, decent and forgiving nation must not be abandoned to those who come over it with hidden means of hypocrisy. The life of this nation must be guarded. Its work asks recompense. Its diligence asks harvest. And nobody cannot be the bloody judge that could ask for all wealth of these tormented people, sweating all life ploughing, to pass into the basket of those with alien blood, of those who do not know what is the pain and the grievance of them...

This is the reason why all those who live among our villagers, from all over, must understand the need for a change. They must think with their mind and heart clean. They must think that the power and wealth of the nation have roots in the pockets of people. They must know that poverty makes villagers flabby, humbled and sinful. They must find a way for helping them. Not thrown words among clinks of glasses. Not words but facts.

In the place of these barmen and merchants with ringlets why could not be settled, in the same profession, Romanians from ours? And why could not make companionships, and all villagers to buy from the man with the same customs with ours.

I know that Romanians from the plain or from the mountain are not appropriate for these kind of things. Tormented people from centuries, tortured by sadness if the serfdom, they did not have time to have professions that appear only in a free mind. But now we have our men from the border of the country - so-called 'margineni.' They have a commercial nature, they are more educated and skilful, and they are more decent judgement and boldness.

There are a lot of villages where these people have settled and eliminated the enemy. This way is the most appropriate for the defense and must be certainly chosen.

As a matter of fact our Villager will sweat further on under the hit of the sun, he will work without any progress, being cheated and excoriated; and his descendants of 'Mr.' Hersala, fat as melons, will tipple gladly further on...”


 


[1] It is an archaic name for some notables in Romanian villages.

[2] Fricasseed veal highly seasoned with Hungarian pepper.

[3]"Thick nape" is an expression for insensitiveness, indifferent "without any feelings"