Sita's Virtually Illicit Birth


In the Valmiki Ramayana, King Janaka (Sita's father) recounts the virtually illicit birth of Sita (Lord Rama's wife):

"[Janaka:] 'Now, one day when I was in the sacrificial grounds, I saw the ultimate celestial nymph, Menaka, flying through the sky, and this thought came to me: 'If I should have a child in her, what a child that would be!' As I was thinking in this way, my semen fell on the ground. And afterwards, as I was ploughing that field, there arose out of the earth, as first fruits, my daughter, who has celestial beauty and qualities, and can only be won by one whose bride price is his manliness. Since she arose from the surface of the earth, and was born from no womb, she is called Sita, the furrow.' " -- Ramayana 1:65 (Devanagari manuscript w-1455).  [O'Flaherty, Wendy D.  Textual Sources for the Study of Hinduism.  Pub.: University of Chicago Press.  ISBN 0-226-61847-1.  p.59].

The name Sita literally means 'furrow.'  In Hinduism, Sita is the ideal model of behavior for women.

By the way, does Sita possess 'celestial beauty' as indicated in King Janaka's description above?  The demon Ravana apparently thought so and kidnapped her; the following is Ravana's detailed description of Sita:

"[Ravana:] 'Who are you, golden woman dressed in garments of yellow silk, wearing a lovely lotus garland, and like a lotus pond yourself? Are you the goddess Modesty or Fame? Are you Sri or lovely Laksmi or perhaps an apsaras, lovely lady? Could you be Prosperity, shapely woman, or easygoing Pleasure? … Your hips are full and broad, your thighs smooth as an elephant's trunk. And these, your delightful breasts, how round they are, so firm and gently heaving; how full and lovely, smooth as two palm fruits, with their nipples standing stiff and the rarest gems to adorn them.' " -- Ramayana 3:44:15-19.  [Pollock, Sheldon I.  The Ramayana of Valmiki: an Epic of Ancient India. Aranyakanda (vol. 3).  Pub.: Princeton University Press.  ISBN 0-691-06660-4.  p.180].

There is no shortage of vivid descriptions of Sita's body in the Valmiki Ramayana.  It is not only the evil Ravana, but even Sita herself has a polluted mouth as well.  When the fictitious 'news' of Rama's death (a trick by Ravana) reaches Sita who is held hostage in Lanka, she laments that her body is no longer of any use because her husband has been slain; however, Sita also mutters about all the voluptuous features of her body:

"[Sita:] 'Those marks that are pronounced infallible by those versed in such knowledge, on Rama being slain, are nullified in me. My hairs are fine, equal, and blue; my eye-brows touch each other; my hips are devoid of down and round; and my teeth are close. My temples, and eyes, hands, feet, ankles, and thighs are equal. And my fingers are furnished with round nails, and are plump and even in the middle. And my breasts are close and firm and developed, and have their nipples sunk. And my navel is depressed, with high sides. And my chest is swelling.' " -- Ramayana 6:48.  [Dutt, Manmatha Nath.  The Ramayana: translated into English prose from the original Sanskrit of Valmiki.  Calcutta: Deva Press, 1889-94.  Vol. III.  pp.1240-1241].




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