Dina Nath Nadim (1916-88) --- With Dina Nath
Nadim's poetry, a new phase was introduced in Kashmiri literature. Dina Nath
was born in Srinagar. He received his B.A. degree in 1943 and
obtained his B.T. degree in 1947. For several years he taught at the Hindu High
School. After independence, he was appointed Assistant Director of Social
Education. Nadim introduced various poetic styles into Kashmiri. He was the
first Kashmiri poet to write in ‘blank verse.’ He used the Kashmiri language
with great grace and craftsmanship. He depicted the beauty, the poverty and the
plight of Kashmir in his poetry. Nadim has also composed poetry in folk style.
In 1971, He received the Soviet Land Nehru award (1971) and the Sahitya Akademi
award (1986) for his book, Shihil Kul (poetry). He travelled to Russia,
China, and other countries and was greatly influenced by communism and by
progressive writers. Nadim also wrote the first opera in the Kashmiri language,
entitled, Bombir ti Yembirzal (The Bumblebee and the Narcissus). Dina
Nath Nadim has greatly influenced Kashmiri poets. Nadim's dexterity in
stylistic innovation and the freshness of his themes helped him to acquire that
stature. He seems lo use words playfully, with intriguing combinations and
creative effects in a seemingly effortless display of craftsmanship. One is left
wondering, "why could not I think of that". Not many of Nadim's contemporaries
could think of comparable devices, which explains why as his contemporary Lone
says, they "were not only influenced by Nadim, but also inspired to write in his
vein. Some of them went to the extent of copying his style while some adopted
his themes in their poems." The secret of Nadim's art seems to lie in his
intuition for an effortless use of a highly appropriate vocabulary, a keen ear
for the sound and rhythm of his native language, and, above all, an artist's
instinct for combining all his formal apparatus in fresh imagery. Nadim
passed through many stages, and at each stage he engaged in distinct
thematic and stylistic experiments. As Braj B. Kachru observes, "That process
still continues; so does the Nadim Era."
Amin Kamil (b.1924) --- Mohammed Amin Kamil was born in Kaprin in Kulgam Tehsil of Kasmir. He acquired the degree of B. A., LL. B. He worked in Jammu & Kashmir Academy of Art Culture and Languages. In the Academy, Kamil held the position of Editor, Kashmiri Publications and retired in 1980. His works of poetry include Saqi Namah, Lavah Te Praveh, Bey Suy Paan, Padis Pod Tsaay and Yim Myany Sokhan (These, My Words!). The awards and honours he received include J & K Cultural Academy award (1968 and 1975), the Sahitya Akademi award (1967) for his book Lavah Te Pravah (Poetry) and Padma Shri (2005).
Rahman Rahi (b. 1925) --- Abdul Rahman Rahi was
born on May 6, 1925. Orphaned at an early age, he was brought up by his maternal
uncle. He worked in the Public Works Department for a brief period in 1948. He
has also worked as member of the editorial staff of the Urdu daily Khidmat,
the official organ of the ruling National Conference Party. Around this time, he
also joined the Progressive Writer's Association of which he was elected General
Secretary after few years, coinciding with his leaving journalism. He also
edited a few issues of Kwang Posh, the literary journal of the
Progressive Writer's Association. Eventually he joined the cultural wing of the
undeclared Communist Party of Kashmir while pursuing his studies. He did his
M.A. in Persian (in 1952) and English Literature (in 1962) from Jammu and
Kashmir University. He was on the Board of Editors of the Urdu daily Aajkal,
Delhi, from 1953 to 1955. His collections of poems include Subhuk Soda
and Kalami Rahi. He was awarded the Padmashri. He has received several
other awards and honours including J K Cultural Academy award (1980), Sahitya
Akademi award (1962) and Emeritus Fellowship awarded by the Ministry of Human
Resources Development, Government of India (1989).
Gulam Rasool Santosh (1929-97) --- Poet-painter Gulam Rasool Santosh
was born in 1929, to a lower middle class family. He completed his Matriculation
in 1945, with painting as a subject but was forced to give up further studies
because of his father's death. In his early years, Santosh was greatly
influenced by geometric shapes and the mysticism of the Kashmir valley. Although
Santosh began by painting landscapes, he was gradually influenced by cubism and
switched over to creating cubist landscapes, a theme for which he is very
popular now. He is a recipient of the Lalit Kala Akademi award and
the honour of Padma Shree. He received the Sahitya Akademi award (1979) for his
collections of poems, Besoakh Ruh. In 1985, he received the Kalhana award.