Vapourising Agents
Vapourising Agents:
Calomel, Alum, Mercuric Chloride(poisonous), Picric Acid, shellac.
Picric Acid or T.N.P
Aspirin tablets (5 grains per tablet)
Alcohol (95% pure)
Concentrated Sulphuric Acid( boil until white fumes appear)
KN03
Water
Paper Towels
Jar (600ml)
Stirring rod(glass or wood)
Glass containers
Ceramic glass or dish
Cup
Teaspoon
Tablespoon
Pan
Heat source
Tape
PROCEDURE
WARNING : picric acid explodes violently on contact with any metal
1. Crush 20 aspirin tablets in a glass container. Add 1 teaspoon of water and work into a paste.
2. 2. Add approx. 1/3 to 1/2 cup of alcohol (100mls) to the aspirin paste: stir while pouring.
3. Filter the alcohol-aspirin solution through a paper towel into another glass container. Discard the solid left in the towel.
4. Pour the filtered solution into a ceramic or glass dish.
5. Evaporate the alcohol and water from the solution by placing in a pan of hot water.  White powder will remain in the dish after evaporation. NOTE: water should not be boiling but approx 60 - 70F.
6. Pour 1/3 cup(80mls) of concentrated sulphuric acid into 600ml jar.  Add the white powder to the to the acid.
7. Heat jar of acid in a simmering hot water bath for 15 minutes, then remove jar from bath.  Solution will turn yellow-orange.
8. Add 3 level teaspoons(15 grams) of KN03 in three portions to the solution: stir vigorously during additions. Solution will turn red, then back to yellow orange.
9. Allow the solution to cool at room temperature while stirring occasionally.
10. Slowly pour the solution while stirring into a 1.25 cup (300mls) of cold water and allow to cool.
11. Filter solution through paper towel into a glass container. Light yellow crystals will collect on towel.
12. Wash the light yellow particles in 2 teaspoons(25ml) of water.  Discard the waste liquid in the container.
13. Place particles in ceramic or glass bath to dry for 2 hours.
**KEEP AWAY FROM METAL**
POTASSIUM CHLORATE
1. Add 5 parts calcium hypochlorite(HTH) to an amount of water just sufficient to dissolve it, then boil the resultant solution for 1/2 hour in a GLASS beaker.
2. Add 6.1 parts potassium sulphate to the solution. Calcium sulphate will precipitate. 
3. Filter precipitate out.  Once calcium is filtered out let stand for at least 30 minutes so that any remaining calcium can precipitate.  Then boil the remaining solution until potassium chlorate crystals begin to appear.  Once this process is commenced set the beaker aside for crystallisation to complete, then filter these out.
**WARNING : is explosive and should not be stored for long time periods.**
When mixed with red phosphorous, sulphur or black antimony sulfide it will most likely spontaneously combust with tremendous energy.  Should be avoided by beginners, perchlorates can be used as a safe alternative.
POTASSIUM PICRATE
1. Dissolve 100g of picric acid in glass or ceramic bowl containing just enough boiling water.
2. Add 25g potassium carbonate to the mixture a little at a time while stirring continuously.
3. After reaction has ceased add 100g KN03, stir thoroughly and let mixture stand for 1 hour.  Remove the mixture and dry it on filter paper.
4. When dry; crush the mixture into a powder with a rolling pin.
Same rules apply as picric acid or any picrate. Will explode violently with slight shock.
A non-picrate mixture can be made from 1 part powdered gallic acid and 3 parts potassium chlorate.  Compression chamber is essential for whistling effect in rockets.

 
 
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Alternate method of making picric acid