Fuel Emulsification

        Emulsification is a process whereby water and two or more liquids are thoroughly mixed such that the water molecules are incorporated into the molecules of the other liquids. In experiments con-
ducted by the U.S. Army TARDEC Fuels and Lubricant Research Facility, a mixture of 20% water and hydrocarbons (diesel, gasoline or ethanol) resulted in a "green fuel" without the need for carriers, chemicals, or direct injection to hold the components together.

        What's more, the "green fuel"  has the same heat content per pound as No. 2 diesel but includes 20% water, with approximately 20% improvement in efficiency of hydrocarbon while lowering fuel costs up to 20%.  The diesel blend does not separate even at extreme high or low temperatures and centrifugal testing.

        Independent testing in California, U.S.A., led to claimed "substantial reductions" in emissions - 50% reduction in smoke or opacity emissions; 35-80% reduction in NOx, depending on load.

        In another instance, a Reno scientist, Rudolf Gunnerman, has pioneered in blending water and ethanol to produce fuel for internal combustion engines. He also tested petroleum and water, binding the elements together with a unique combination of additives. "The water is within the oil," explains
Gunnerman. "Inside the engine, the water turns to steam and explodes the carbon particles out (called
atomization). The drops ejected are smaller... there is faster combustion."

        Gunnerman is also working on an alternative diesel fuel blend that he claims cuts pollution by 50%.


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