-THE CHAPTER OF GIVING A MOUTH TO THE OSIRIS ANI, THE
SCRIBE, AND
TELLER OF THE OFFERINGS WHICH ARE MADE TO ALL THE GODS, WHOSE
WORD IS TRUE, WHO SAITH:- I rise up out of the Egg in the Hidden
Land. May my mouth be given unto me that I may speak therewith
in the presence of the Great God, the Lord of the Tuat. Let not
my hand and my arm be repulsed in the presence of the Chiefs (Tchatchau)
of any god. I am Osiris, the Lord of Ra-stau. May I, the Osiris,
the scribe Ani, whose word is true, have my portion with him who
is on the top of the Steps (Osiris). According to the desire of
my heart I have come forth from the Island of Nesersert, and I
have extinguished the fire.
APPENDIX [The following passage is taken from the Saite Recension]
[THE CHAPTER OF GIVING A MOUTH TO THE OSIRIS, THE
SCRIBE ANI,
WHO SAITH]:- Homage to thee, O thou lord of brightness, Governor
of the Temple, Prince of the night and of the thick darkness.
I have come unto thee. I am shining, I am pure. My hands are about
thee, thou hast thy lot with thy ancestors. Give thou unto me
my mouth that I may speak with it. I guide my heart at its season
of flame and of night.
RUBRIC: If this Chapter be known by the Osiris the scribe Ani,
upon earth, [or if it be done] in writing upon [his] coffin, he
shall come forth by day in every form which he pleaseth, and he
shall enter into [his] abode, and shall not be repulsed. And cakes,
and ale, and joints of meat [from those which are on] the altar
of Osiris shall be given unto him; and he shall enter in peace
into Sekhet-Aaru, conformably to the decree of the Dweller in
Busiris. Wheat and barley (dhura) shall be given unto him therein,
and he shall flourish there just as he did upon earth; and he
shall do whatsoever it pleaseth him to do, even as do the Company
of the Gods who are in the Tuat, regularly and continually, for
millions of times.
(From the Paprys of Nebseni, Sheet 3)
THE CHAPTER OF COMING FORTH BY DAY AND OF OPENING
UP A WAY THROUGH
THE AMEHET: Behold, the scribe Nebseni, whose word is truth, saith:-
Homage to you, O ye Lords of Kau, ye who are without sin, and
who live for the endless and infinite aeons of time which make
up eternity. I have opened up a way for myself to you. I have
become a spirit in my forms, I have gotten the mastery over my
words of magical power, and I am adjudged a spirit; therefore
deliver ye me from the Crocodile [which liveth in] this Country
of Truth. Grant ye to me my mouth that I may speak therewith,
and cause ye that sepulchral offerings shall be made unto me in
your presence, for I know you, and I know your names, and I know
also the name of the mighty god before whose face ye set your
celestial food. His name is Tekem. [When] he openeth
up his path on the eastern horizon of heaven, [when] he alighteth
towards the western horizon of heaven, may he carry me along with
him, and may I be safe and sound. Let not the Mesqet make an end
of me, let not the Fiend (Sebau) gain the mastery over me, let
me not be driven away from the doors of the Other World, let not
you doors be shut in my face, for my cakes are in the city of
Pe, and my ale is in the city of Tep. And there, in the celestial
mansions of heaven which my divine father Tem hath stablished,
let my hands lay hold upon the wheat and the barley, which shall
be given unto me therein in abundant measure, and may the son
of my own body make ready for me my food therein. And grant ye
unto me when I am there sepulchral meals, and incense, and unguents,
and all the pure and beautiful things whereon the god liveth,
in every deed for ever, in all the transformations which it pleaseth
me [to perform], and grant unto me the power to float down and
to sail up the stream in the Field of Reeds (Sekhet-Aaru), [and
may I reach Sekhet-hetepet (the Field of Offerings)]. I am the
twin Lion-gods (Shu and Tefnut).
TEXTS RELATING TO THE WEIGHING OF THE HEART OF ANI
THE NAMES OF THE GODS OF THE GREAT COMPANY:- 1. Ra Harmakhis,
the Great God in his boat. 2. Temu. 3. Shu. 4. Tefnut. 5. Keb.
6. Nut, the Lady of Heaven. 7. Isis. 8. Nephthys. 9. Horus, the
Great God. 10. Hathor, Lady of Amentet. 11. Hu. 12. Sa.
THE PRAYER OF ANI:- My heart, my mother; my heart, my mother!
My heart whereby I came into being! May nought stand up to oppose
me at [my] judgment, may there be no opposition to me in the presence
of the Chiefs (Tchatchau); may there be no parting of thee from
me in the presence of him that keepeth the Balance! Thou art my
KA, which dwelleth in my body; the god Khnemu who knitteth together
and strengtheneth my limbs. Mayest thou come forth into the place
of happiness whither we go. May the Sheniu officials, who make
the conditions of the lives of men, not cause my name to stink,
and may no lies be spoken against me in the presence of the God.
[Let it be satisfactory unto us, and let the Listener god be favourable
unto us, and let there be joy of heart (to us) at the weighing
of words. Let not that which is false be uttered against me before
the Great God, the Lord of Amentet. Verily, how great shalt thou
be when thou risest in triumph.]
THE SPEECH OF THOTH:- Thoth, the judge of right and truth of the
Great Company of the Gods who are in the presence of Osiris, saith:
Hear ye this judgment. The heart of Osiris hath in very truth
been weighed, and his Heart-soul hath borne testimony on his behalf;
his heart hath been found right by the trial in the Great Balance.
There hath not been found any wickedness in him; he hath not wasted
the offerings which have been made in the temples; he hath not
committed any evil act; and he hath not set his mouth in motion
with words of evil whilst he was upon earth.
SPEECH OF THE DWELLER IN THE EMBALMMENT CHAMBER (ANUBIS):- Pay
good heed, O righteous Judge to the Balance to support [the testimony]
thereof. Variant: Pay good heed to the weighing in the Balance
of the heart of the Osiris, the singing-woman of Amen, Anhai,
whose word is truth, and place thou her heart in the seat of truth
in the presence of the Great God.
THE SPEECH OF THE GODS:- The Great Company of the Gods say to
Thoth who dwelleth in Khemenu: That which cometh forth from thy
mouth shall be declared true. The Osiris the scribe Ani, whose
word is true, is holy and righteous. He hath not committed any
sin, and he hath done no evil against us. The devourer Am-mit
shall not be permitted to prevail over him. Meat offerings and
admittance into the presence of the god Osiris shall be granted
unto him, together with an abiding habitation in the Field of
Offerings (Sekhet-hetepet), as unto the Followers of Horus.
THE SPEECH OF HORUS TO OSIRIS IN INTRODUCING ANI TO HIM:- Horus,
the son of Isis, saith: I have come to thee, O Un-Nefer, and I
have brought unto thee the Osiris Ani. His heart is righteous,
and it hath come forth from the Balance; it hath not sinned against
any god or any goddess. Thoth hath weighed it according to the
decree pronounced unto him by the Company of the Gods, and it
is most true and righteous. Grant thou that cakes and ale may
be given unto him, and let him appear in the presence of the god
Osiris, and let him be like unto the Followers of Horus for ever
and ever.
THE SPEECH OF ANI:- And the Osiris Ani saith: Behold, I am in
thy presence, O Lord of Amentet. There is no sin in my body. I
have not spoken that which is not true knowingly, nor have I done
anything with a false heart. Grant thou that I may be like unto
those favoured ones who are in thy following, and that I may be
an Osiris greatly favoured of the beautiful god, and beloved of
the Lord of the Two Lands, I who am a veritable royal scribe who
loveth thee, Ani, whose word is true before the god Osiris.
DESCRIPTION OF THE BEAST AM-MIT:- Her forepart is like that of
a crocodile, the middle of her body is like that of a lion, her
hind quarters are like those of a hippopotamus.
HERE BEGIN THE PRAISES AND GLORIFYINGS OF COMING OUT FROM AND
OF GOING INTO THE GLORIOUS KHERT-NETER, WHICH IS IN THE BEAUTIFUL
AMENTET, OF COMING FORTH BY DAY IN ALL THE FORMS OF EXISTENCE
WHICH IT MAY PLEASE THE DECEASED TO TAKE, OF PLAYING AT DRAUGHTS,
OF SITTING IN THE SEH HALL, AND OF APPEARING AS A LIVING SOUL:
The Osiris the scribe Ani saith after he hath arrived in his haven
of rest- now it is good for [a man] to recite [this work whilst
he is] upon earth, for then all the words of Tem come to pass-
I am the god Tem in rising. I am the Only One. I came into
existence in Nu. I am Ra who rose in the beginning, the ruler
of this [creation]
Who is this?
It is Ra, when at the beginning he rose in the city of Hensu,
crowned like a king for his coronation. The Pillars of the god
Shu were not as yet created, when he was upon the steps of him
that dwelleth in Khemenu. I am the Great God who created
himself, even Nu, who made his names to become the Company of
the Gods as gods.
Who is this?
It is Ra, the creator of the names of his limbs, which came
into being in the form of the gods who are in the train of Ra.
I am he who cannot be repulsed among the gods.
Who is this?
It is Temu, the dweller in his disk, but others say that
it is Ra when he riseth in the eastern horizon of the sky. I
am Yesterday, I know To-day.
Who is this?
Yesterday is Osiris, and To-day is Ra, when he shall destroy
the enemies of Neb-er-tcher (the lord to the uttermost limit),
and when he shall establish as prince and ruler his son Horus.
Others, however, say that To-day is Ra, on the day when
we commemorate the festival of the meeting of the dead Osiris
with his father Ra, and when the battle of the gods was fought,
in which Osiris, the Lord of Amentet, was the leader.
What is this?
It is Amentet, [that is to say] the creation ofthe souls
of the gods when Osiris was leader in Set-Amentet. Others,
however, say that it is the Amentet which Ra hath given unto me;
when any god cometh he must rise up and fight for it. I
know the god who dwelleth therein.
Who is this?
It is Osiris. Others, however, say that his name is Ra,
and that the god who dwelleth in Amentet is the phallus of Ra,
wherewith he had union with himself. I am the Benu bird
which is in Anu. I am the keeper of the volume of the book (the
Tablet of Destiny) of the things which have been made, and of
the things which shall be made.
Who is this?
It is Osiris. Others, however, say that it is the
dead body of Osiris, and yet others say that it is the excrement
of Osiris. The things which have been made, and the things which
shall be made [refer to] the dead body of Osiris. Others again
say that the things which have been made are Eternity, and the
things which shall be made are Everlastingness, and that Eternity
is the Day, and Everlastingness the Night. I am the god
Menu in his coming forth; may his two plumes be set on my head
for me.
Who is this?
Menu is Horis, the Advocate of his father [Osiris], and
his coming forth means his birth. The two plumes on his head are
Isis and Nephthys, when these goddesses go forth and set themselves
thereon, and when they act as his protectors, and when they provide
that which his head lacketh. Others, however, say that the
two plumes are the two exceedingly large uraei which are upon
the head of their father Tem, and there are yet others who say
that the two plumes which are upon the head of Menu are his two
eyes. The Osiris the scribe Ani, whose word is true, the
registrar of all the offerings which are made to the gods, riseth
up and cometh into his city.
What is this [city]?
It is the horizon of his father Tem. I have made an
end of my shortcomings, and I have put away my faults.
What is this?
It is the cutting of the navel string of the body of the
Osiris the scribe Ani, whose word is true before all the gods,
and all his faults are driven out.
What is this ?
It is the purification [of Osiris] on the day of his birth.
I am purified in my great double nest which is in Hensu
on the day of the offerings of the followers of the Great God
who dwelleth therein.
What is the great double nest?
The name of one nest is 'Millions of years,' and 'Great
Green [Sea]' is the name of the other, that is to say 'Lake of
Natron' and 'Lake of Salt.' Others, however, say the name
of the one is 'Guide of Millions of Years,' and that 'Great Green
Lake' is name of the other. Yet others say that 'Begetter of Millions
of Years' is the name of one, and 'Great Green Lake' is the name
of the other. Now, as concerning the Great God who dwelleth therein,
it is Ra himself. I pass over the way, I know the head of
the Island of Maati.
What is this?
It is Ra-stau, that is to say, it is the gate to the South
of Nerutef, and it is the Northern Gate of the Domain (Tomb of
the god). Now, as concerning the Island of Maati, it is
Abtu. Others, however, say that it is the way by which Father
Tem travelleth when he goeth forth to Sekhet-Aaru, [the place]
which produceth the food and sustenance of the gods who are [in]
their shrines. Now the Gate Tchesert is the Gate of the
Pillars of Shu, that is to say, the Northern Gate of the Tuat.
Others, however, say that the Gate of Tchesert is the two
leaves of the door through which the god Tem passeth when he goeth
forth to the eastern horizon of the sky. O ye gods who are
in the presence [of Osiris], grant to me your arms, for I am the
god who shall come into being among you.
Who are these gods?
They are the drops of blood which came forth from the phallus
of Ra when he went forth to perform his own mutilitation. These
drops of blood sprang into being under the forms of the gods Hu
and Sa, who are in the bodyguard of Ra, and who accompany the
god Tem daily and every day. I, Osiris the scribe Ani, whose
word is truth, have filled for thee the utchat (the Eye of Ra,
or of Horus), when it had suffered extinction on the day of the
combat of the Two Fighters (Horus and Set).
What was this combat?
It was the combat which took place on the day when Horus fought
with Set, during which Set threw filth in the face of Horus, and
Horus crushed the genitals of Set. The filling of the utchat Thoth
performed with his own fingers. I remove the thunder-cloud
from the sky when there is a storm with thunder and lightning
therein.
What is this?
This storm was the raging of Ra at the thunder-cloud which
[Set] sent forth against the Right Eye of Ra (the Sun). Thoth
removed the thunder-cloud from the Eye of Ra, and brought back
the Eye living, healthy, sound, and with no defect in it to its
owner. Others, however, say that the thunder-cloud is caused
by sickness in the Eye of Ra, which weepeth for its companion
Eye (the Moon); at this time Thoth cleanseth the Right Eye of
Ra. I behold Ra who was born yesterday from the thighs of
the goddess Mehurt; his strength is my strength, and my strength
is his strength.
Who is this?
Mehurt is the great Celestial Water, but others say that
Mehurt is the image of the Eye of Ra at dawn at his birth daily.
[Others, however, say that] Mehurt is the utchat of Ra.
Now Osiris the scribe Ani, whose word is truth, is a very
great one among the gods who are in the following of Horus; they
say that he is the prince who loveth his lord.
Who are the gods who are in the train of Horus?
[They are] Kesta, Hapi, Taumutef, and Qebhsenuf. Homage
to you, O ye lords of right and truth, ye sovereign princes (Tchatcha)
who [stand] round about Osiris, who do away utterly sins and offences,
and who are in the following of the goddess Hetepsekhus, grant
ye that I may come unto you. Destroy ye all the faults which are
within me, even as ye did for the Seven Spirits who are among
the followers of their lord Sepa. Anpu (Anubis) appointed to them
their places on the day [when he said unto them], Come ye
hither.
Who are the lords of right and truth?
The lords of right and truth are Thoth and Astes, the Lord
of Amentet. The Tchatcha round about Osiris are Kesta, Hapi,
Tuamutef, and Qebhsenuf, and they are also round about the Constellation
of the Thigh (the Great Bear), in the northern sky. Those
who do away utterly sins and offences, and who are in the following
of the goddess Hetepsekhus, are the god Sebek and his associates
who dwell in the water. The goddess Hetepsekhus is the Eye
of Ra. Others, however, say that it is the flame which accompanieth
Osiris to burn up the souls of his enemies. As concerning
all the faults which are in Osiris, the registrar of the offerings
which are made unto all the gods, Ani, whose word is truth, [these
are all the offences which he hath committed against the Lords
of Eternity] since he came forth from his mother's womb. As
concerning the Seven Spirits who are Kesta, Hapi, Tuamutef, Qebhsenuf,
Maa-atef, Kheribeqef and Heru-khenti-en-ariti, these did Anubis
appoint to be protectors of the dead body of Osiris. Others,
however, say that he set them round about the holy place of Osiris.
Others say that the Seven Spirits [which were appointed
by Anubis] were Netcheh-netcheh, Aatqetqet, Nertanef-besef-khenti-hehf,
Aq-her-ami-unnut-f, Tesher-ariti-ami-Het-anes, Ubes-her-per-em-khetkhet,
and Maaem-kerh-annef-em-hru. The chief of the Tchatcha (sovereign
princes) who is in Naarutef is Horus, the Advocate of his father.
As concerning the day wherein [Anubis said to the Seven
Spirits], 'Come ye hither,' [the allusion here] is to the words
'Come ye hither,' which Ra spake unto Osiris.
Verily may these same words be said unto me in Amentet.
I am the Divine Soul which dwelleth in the Divine Twin-gods.
Who is this Divine Soul?
It is Osiris. [When] he goeth into Tetu, and findeth there
the Soul of Ra, the one god embraceth the other, and two Divine
Souls spring into being within the Divine Twin-gods. APPENDIX
APPENDIX (From the Papyrus of Nebseni, Brit. Mus. No. 9900, Sheet
14, ll. 16ff.)
As concerning the Divine Twin-gods they are Heru-netch-her-tefef
and Heru-khent-en-Ariti (Horus the Advocate of his father [Osiris],
and Horus the sightless). Others say that the double Divine
Soul which dwelleth in the Divine Twin-gods is the Soul of Ra
and the Soul of Osiris, and yet others say that it is the Soul
which dwelleth in Shu, and the Sould which dwelleth in Tefnut,
and that these two Souls form the double Divine Soul which dwelleth
in Tetu. I am the Cat which fought near the Persea Tree
in Anu on the night when the foes of Neb-er-tcher were destroyed.
Who is this Cat?
This male Cat is Ra himself, and he was called 'Mau' because
of the speech of the god Sa, who said concerning him: 'He is like
(mau) unto that which he hath made'; therefore, did the name of
Ra become 'Mau.' Others, however, say that the male Cat
is the god Shu, who made over the possessions of Keb to Osiris.
As concerning the fight which took place near the Persea
Tree in Anu [these words have reference to the slaughter] of the
children of rebellion, when righteous retribution was meted out
to them for [the evil] which they had done. As concerning
the 'night of the battle,' [these words refer to] the invasion
of the eastern portion of the heaven by the children of rebellion,
whereupon a great battle arose in heaven and in all the earth.
O thou who art in thine egg (Ra,) who showest from thy Disk,
who risest on thy horizon, and dost shine with golden beams in
the height of heaven, like unto whom there is none among the gods,
who sailest above the Pillars of Shu, who sendest forth blasts
of fire from thy mouth, [who illuminest the Two Lands with thy
splendour, deliver] thou Nebseni, the lord of fealty [to Osiris],
from the god whose form is hidden, and whose eyebrows are like
unto the two arms of the Balance on the night when the sentences
of doom are promulgated.
Who is this invisible god?
It is An-a-f (he who bringeth his arm.). As concerning
'the night when the sentences of doom are promulgated,' it is
the night of the burning of the damned, and of the overthrow of
the wicked at the Block, and of the slaughter of souls.
