Name:_______________
Date:__________
1. There are more compounds composed of ______ than any other element.
2. The chemistry of carbon is referred to as _______ chemistry.
3. Petroleum products are composed of ________ and ______ and are called ____________.
4. The oil which made petroleum products came from once ______ things.
5. The only carbon compounds which are not considered organic are ______ _______ and ______ ________.
6. Carbon has ____ valence electrons.
7. Carbon has an atomic number of ___, therefore, it has ___ electrons in its first energy shell and ____ in its' outer energy shell.
8. Carbon wants _____ electrons in its outer energy shell.
9. ____________ are compounds which contain only hydrogen and carbon.
10. The simplest hydrocarbon is _______.
11. A __________ _____ is an atom or a group of atoms that replaces one or more hydrogens in a hydrocarbon.
12. An example of a functional group is the ________ ___ (___).
13. When the hydroxyl ion replaces one of the hydrogens in a hydrocarbon, it forms an _______.
14. The organic compounds which are most important to living things are the _____________.
15. Carbohydrates are composed of ______, ________ and ______.
16. The main carbohydrate used by animals to produce energy is _______--_______.
17. Table sugar is called _______ and is produced from _____ ____.
18. The molecular formula for sucrose is _________.
19. ______ is a long chain of sugar molecules used by plants to store energy. It is converted to _______ when needed.
20. Animals store energy as ________ (______ ______) and ___.
21. Lipids are ____.
22. Carbohydrates do not have an _______ ____.
23. ____ and _______ do have an organic acid.
24. If the carbon backbone of a fat is composed of carbons bonded to each other with single bonds, each carbon can be _________ with hydrogens. This is a _________ fat.
25. If there are some double bonds between the carbons forming the backbone of a fat, the carbons cannot be _________ with hydrogens and it is an ___________ fat.
26. If there are a lot of double bonds between the carbons which form the backbone of a fat, it is called a _______________ fat.
27. ______________ fats are better foods than _________ fats.
28. ________ are polymers of amino acids.
29. A _______ is a long chain of repeating units.
30. An _____ ____ is an organic acid with an amine group.
31. The amine group is ___.
32. Any compound with an organic acid and an amine group is an _____ ____.
33. There are about _ _ amino acids.
34. When many amino acids are joined together they form a _______.
35. Proteins are very important to the ________ and _________ of living things.