Name:_______________
Date:__________
1. Plants probably began as ____________ _____.
2. Plants are autotrophic, which means that they make their own ____.
3. Plants make food through a process called ______________.
4. For photosynthesis, plants require _____ ______, ____ and _______ to make food.
5. The food that plants make is _______.
6. The molecular formula for glucose is __________.
7. The molecular formula for carbon dioxide is ____.
8. The molecular formula for water is ____.
9. Six molecules of carbon dioxide result in ___ carbons and __ oxygens.
10. Six molecules of water result in __ hydrogens and ___ oxygens.
11. Six molecules of carbon dioxide and six molecules of water result in a net of ___ carbons, __ hydrogens and __ oxygens.
12. The __ extra oxygens are given off as six ___.
13. Animals such as ourselves breath __.
14. Before the evolution of ______________ _________ such as plants, there was no ___.
15. Plant life began in _____.
16. In water, carbon dioxide can be obtained from ________ ____.
17. Carbonic acid is ______ _______ dissolved in _____.
18. _____ is the vascular tissue which transports water and minerals up to the leaves.
19. _______ is the vascular tissue which take food down the plant to feed the stems and roots.
20. ___________ are the cells in a plant which form fiber. These tough fibers allow plants to _____ __.
21. On the bottom of leaves is a hole called a _______.
22. The _______ is guarded by two bean-shaped cells called _____ _____.
23. _____ _____ open and close the _______.
24. The stomata is there for ____________.
25. ____________ is the excretion of extra water which is not needed by the plant.
26. ______ ______ have fewer stomata.
27. The main mode of reproduction in land plants is ______ ____________.
28. The plant forms _______ cells by _______.
29. Haploid means that the cells have only ___ ____ the normal number of chromosomes.
30. Through fertilization, two haploid cells combine to form a _______ cell.
31. Diploid cells have the full number of ___________.
32. Sex cells are called _______.
33. For many plants, the male gametes are called ______ and the female gametes are _____.
34. Both male and female gametes are _______. When fertilization occurs, they form an _______ embryo.
35. Multicellular algae are classified as being ______.
36. Multicellular algae lack ________ ______ and _______.
37. There are _____ phyla of multicellular algae:
38. Rhodophyta is commonly called ___ _____.
39. Rhodophyta uses a red chemical called ___________ for photosynthesis.
40. Red algae are used to grow ________.
41. Red algae and bacteria are combined together to make ________ __________ ____.
42. This _________ ________ ____ is _______ than real chocolate milk and is _______ to produce.
43. Red algae and bacteria are also used to make ___ _____ thicker so that it will not easily ____.
44. Phaeophyta is commonly called _____ _____.
45. Brown algae is brown because in addition to ___________, which is _____, they have the chemical ___________ to assist in photosynthesis. ___________ is ______ and combine with chlorophyll to make a ______-_____ color.
46. Examples of brown algae are ____ and ___ ____.
47. Kelp is used as a thickening agent for _________.
48. Kelp has _______ ____________ and _______ and is good ____.
49. The scientific name for sea weed is __________.
50. An area in the middle of the Atlantic ocean is called the __________ ___, an area so thick with ___ ____ that it makes ___ _______ through it difficult.
51. Chlorophyta is commonly called _____ _____.
52. Chlorophyta has a chemical called __________, a substance which is believed to reduce the risk of ______.
53. ________ are waxy coats which usually appear on only one side of leaves.
54. ________ protect the leaves from ________ ____ and from _________.
55. Adaptations, such as ________, ________ and ____ make it harder for insects to eat the leaves.
56. In botany the words ________ and _____ are interchangeable.
57. Bryophyta include ______, __________ and _________.
58. Bryophytes are true ______ and are found as ______ _____ that looks like a _____ carpet surrounding _____.
59. The _______ ____ which we have in Louisiana is not a ____ at all, but a _________ that is related to the _________ plant.
60. There are two kinds of seed plants, ___________ and __________.
61. ___________ are non-flowering plants.
62. ___________ are flowering plants.
63. The _______ is a gymnosperm which looks like a pencil sticking in the ground. It contains the chemical _________ which is used to make ______________, ____ _______ _____ and _________ _____.
64. The juniper tree is a ________ used to make the alcoholic beverage called ___.
65. The pine tree is a __________.
66. The smallest angiosperm is ____ _____, which is abundant in the waters surrounding ___ ____ ______.
67. The largest angiosperm is the ________ tree, which can grow to ___ feet tall.
68. There are two groups of flowering plants, the ______________ and the ____________.
69. Dicots have ___ thick seed leaves.
70. The ____ _____ are the first leaves to sprout from the seed.
71. The seeds of ______ have two halves, such as ______ and _____.
72. The seed leaves contain _______ ____ for the plant.
73. Monocots have only ___ seed leaf. The seeds of monocots are a one piece unit, such as ____.
74. Monocots have flowers whose petals come in multiples of _____.
75. Dicot flowers have petals that come in multiples of ____ or ____.
76. The veins of the leaves of monocots are _________.
77. The veins in the leaves of dicots ______ ___ like a ____.
78. The xylem and phloem of ________ are random so that the trunk or stalk has no _____.
79. The stalk or trunk of ______ have xylem and phloem in ________ _______ that are in _____ or ______.
80. The cut trunk or stalk of ______ will usually reveal _____.
81. Examples of monocots are lilies, _______, ______, and grasses such as ____, ____, _____, ______, ____ and ______, the largest grass.
82. Examples of dicots are ____ ____, _____ ____, _____ ____, ____ and ___ trees.