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Food Allergies
and Arthritis - Àü¹® ¹ø¿ª
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Lyn
La Cava www.drkoop.com Health Correspondent
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Scientists have debated about the link between
food allergies and arthritis for decades. According to the National
Institutes of Health, except for omega-3 fatty acids, there
is no scientific evidence that any food or nutrient helps or
harms most rheumatoid arthritis (RA) sufferers. In a widely
cited study published in the Journal of Rheumatology, Richard
Panush, M.D., concluded that dietary changes are less likely
to help patients with RA than those without it.
On the other hand, many doctors insist that a
high percentage of their patients experience excellent results
from eliminating problem foods. Many researchers agree, speculating
that food allergies affect joint symptoms. There is much persuasive
and persistent anecdotal evidence to support these views.
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In Arthritis and Allied Conditions, William J.
Koopman, M.D., states: "The available evidence suggests
that allergic reaction to foods may occur in some patients who
have rheumatic disease. Diets of certain nutritional content
can modulate experimental and, in some circumstances, clinical
inflammation."
It is a confusing debate and more controversial
than ever. At this point, although many experts suspect food
sensitivities may influence arthritis symptoms, there is no
definitive proof of it. This is partly due to the difficulty
of conducting conclusive studies. Arthritis typically flares
up and calms down anyway. The cause of flares, and whether they're
related to food, can be difficult to determine. Most experts
don't claim that food allergies cause arthritis. However, many,
including experts with the Arthritis Foundation, acknowledge
a possible link between food sensitivity and joint inflammation,
at least in some people.
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Evidence is gradually mounting to support this.
Studies, such as one conducted at the Asthma and Allergy Research
Center at Sahlgren's University Hospital, Sweden, report a connection
between arthritis and milk consumption. Researchers at the All
India Institute of Medical Sciences concluded that there was
significant clinical improvement in RA symptoms when patients
abstained from grains, cereals, milk and animal protein. A 13-month
study at the Oslo Rheumatism Hospital, Norway, highlights the
effectiveness of eliminating food allergens. It indicated that
short-term fasting, followed by a vegetarian diet, resulted
in a substantial reduction in symptoms of many RA patients.
The Norwegian study suggests that the improvements
were also due to changes made in dietary fatty acids through
the vegetarian diet. This is significant, as many RA sufferers
are deficient in digestive factors (including hydrochloric acid
and pancreatic enzymes) and incomplete digestion is suspected
to be a factor in RA.
Studies cited by the National Institute of Arthritis
and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS) support this.
They suggest that RA patients' gastrointestinal tracts may be
especially permeable to undigested food antigens (the allergic
substances in foods). When these antigens are absorbed from
the digestive tract into thebloodstream, they are bound by antibodies
and circulate as injurious antigen-antibody complexes. These
can cause increased immune activity in joints, causing inflammation
and pain.
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According to one theory, this occurs as a result
of allergies disrupting normal digestive function. The three
problems -- allergies, intestinal dysfunction and inflammation
-- are believed to trigger each other and the cycle repeats
itself until interrupted by the elimination of the allergy food.
A big question for RA sufferers is, will eliminating
certain foods from my diet help me or hurt me? Again there is
disagreement among professionals. Some doctors say eliminating
foods is safe. Others say patients may suffer by eliminating
nutritious foods they need. Of special concern is the fasting
that often begins an elimination diet, because it can cause
loss of muscle mass and alter the metabolism. Consequently,
it is important to undertake an elimination diet or fast under
a doctor's supervision.
After talking to your doctor, a conservative
approach might be to observe what you eat and simply stop eating
just one food, or food family, you suspect is associated with
flares. This means not only avoiding the food in its raw form
(for example, milk), but in its hidden state (such as milk in
pudding). Each individual is different and there is no one food
reported to cause symptoms in everyone. You are the one who
can best identify any link between what you ingest and your
arthritis symptoms.
Even if certain foods trigger a flare, it does
not conclusively mean that food allergies cause RA, or that
the elimination of offending foods cures it.
A common view is that arthritis is not caused
by any one factor. Even if eliminating certain foods proves
positive, other facets of treatment, such as exercise, proper
medication and stress reduction, are also important. An all-around
approach to building your immune system, strength and flexibility
is recommended.
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www.drkoop.com Date Published:
September 13, 2000 Date Reviewed: September 13, 2000
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