air.gif                    air1.gif

 ÇöÀç¿Ï·á, °ú°Å ´Ü¼ø ½ÃÁ¦1 (Present perfect or past simple? 1)

1.
I have done or I did?

     
ÇöÀç¿Ï·á´Â °ú°Å¿Í ÇöÀç¿¡ ´ëÇØ¼­ ±â¼úÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ̸ç, °ú°Å ´Ü¼ø½ÃÁ¦´Â °ú°ÅÀÇ ÇÑ ½Ã±â¿¡ ³¡³­ »ç½ÇÀ» ±â¼úÇÑ´Ù.

     µû¶ó¼­ °ú°ÅÀÇ ÇÑ ½Ã±â¿¡ ÇØ´çÇÏ´Â
yesterday, last week, in 2002, a hundred years ago µî°ú °°Àº ¸»À» ÇÒ ¶§´Â

     ÇöÀç¿Ï·á°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó °ú°Å ´Ü¼ø ½ÃÁ¦¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù.

      ´ÙÀ½¿¡ ¿¹µéÀ» º¾½Ã´Ù.
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

      ÇöÀç¿Ï·á                                                              °ú°Å ´Ü¼ø½ÃÁ¦

      Suk-hee
has packed her case.                   Suk-hee packed her case last night.

      (So her things are in  the case now.)           (Her things may be unpacked now.)

      Min-su
has repaired the chair.                     MIn-su repaired the chair.

      (So it's all right now.)                                    (It may be broken again now.)

      The plane
has just landed.                           The plane landed ten minute ago.

       I'
ve turned the heating on. (It's own now.)    I turned the heating on earlier, but it's off again now.

       I'
ve dropped my calculator. (It's on the floor now.)    I dropped my calculato, but it seems to be OK.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2. I've done it, I did it yesterday
     
        Min-su:     We'
ve bought a new car.
 
        Chul-soo: Oh, have you? What sort?.

        Suk-hee:   An Lanos. We
bought it last week.

      * ÇöÀç¿Ï·á¿¡´Â ÀÚÁÖ »õ·Î¿î °ÍÀ» ±â¼úÇÑ´Ù. ¿¹) We've bought a new car. (±× Â÷´Â Áö±Ý ¿ì¸®ÀÇ °ÍÀÌ´Ù´Â ÀǹÌÀÓ.)

         ¹Ý¸é¿¡ °ú°Å ´Ü¼ø½ÃÁ¦´Â ¾ðÁ¦, ¾îµð¼­, ¹ß»ýÇߴ°¡? ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ »ó¼¼ÇÑ ³»¿ëÀ» ±â¼úÇÑ´Ù. ¿¹) We bought it
last week.)


          ´ÙÀ½ÀÇ ¿¹µéÀ» º¾½Ã´Ù.

          I'
ve found my wallet. ~ Oh, good. Where did you find it?

          Your parcel
has arrived. The postman brought it at eight o'clock.

          They'
ve closed the factory. ~ Really? When did they do that?

3. For, since ¿Í last ÀÇ ±¸Á¶

    1) ÇöÀç¿Ï·á (Present perfect)

    ¿À·§µ¿¾È ¹«¾ùÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀº »ç½ÇÀ» ±â¼úÇÒ ¶§
for, °ú°ÅÀÇ ¾î¶² Ưº°ÇÑ ¶§ ÀÌ·¡ ¹ß»ýÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀº »ç½ÇÀ» ±â¼ú ÇÒ ¶§ since

    »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© ¸»ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.

           We
haven't had a party for ages.          We haven't had a party since Christmas.

    2) °ú°Å ´Ü¼ø½ÃÁ¦ (Past simple)

     ¹«¾ùÀΰ¡ ¹ß»ýÇÑÁö ¿À·¡µÇ¾úÀ» ¶§
since, ¹ß»ý ½Ã±â°¡ ¾ðÁ¦Àΰ¡¸¦ ±â¼úÇÒ ¶§ the last time, µîÀ» ±â¼úÇÑ´Ù.

           It's ages since we last had a party.      Chrismas was the last time we had a party.


 ÇöÀç¿Ï·á, °ú°Å ´Ü¼ø ½ÃÁ¦2 (Present perfect or past simple? 2) 

1. I've been ¶Ç´Â I was?

   <ÇöÀç¿Ï·á>                                                                      <°ú°Å´Ü¼ø>

   ÇöÀç±îÁö °è¼ÓµÇ´Â »óÅ¿¡ ´ëÇØ¼­ ÇöÀç¿Ï·á½ÃÁ¦¸¦ ¾´´Ù.      °ú°ÅÀÇ ÇÑ ½Ã±â¿¡ ÇàÀ§°¡ ¿Ï¼ºµÈ »óÅ¿¡ ´ëÇØ¼­ °ú°Å¿Ï·á¸¦ ¾´´Ù.

   We'
ve lived here for ten years.                                        We lived there for ten years.
    (And we still live here)                                                     (We don't live there now.)

2. Have you (ever).....?   ±×¸®°í Did you (ever).....?

   <ÇöÀç¿Ï·á>                                                                      <°ú°Å´Ü¼ø>

   ÇöÀç±îÁö °è¼ÓµÇ´Â ÇàÀ§¿¡ ´ëÇØ¼­ ÇöÀç¿Ï·á¸¦ ¾´´Ù.            °ú°ÅÀÇ ÇÑ ½Ã±â¿¡ ¿Ï¼ºµÈ ÇàÀ§¿¡ ´ëÇØ¼­ °ú°Å´Ü¼ø ½ÃÁ¦¸¦ ¾´´Ù.

   This young director
has made four films so far.             The director made many films in his long career.
   (±×´Â ´õ ¸¹Àº ¿µÈ­¸¦ ¸¸µé °¡´É¼ºÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù´Â ÀǹÌ.)               (±×´Â ´õ ÀÌ»ó ¿µÈ­¸¦ ¸¸µéÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù) 
 
   ´ÙÀ½ÀÇ ¿¹µéÀ» »ìÆìº¾½Ã´Ù.

   
Have you ever been to Busan?  ~ Yes, twice.                Did Chul-soo ever go to Busan?  ~ Yes, I think so.

   I'
ve played table tennis before.                                       I played table tennis a college.

   We'
ve never had any money.                                         We never had any money in those days.

 3. Today, this week, µîµî.

  <ÇöÀç¿Ï·á>                                                                     <°ú°Å´Ü¼ø>

  ÇöÀç¿¡ ÇØ´çÇÏ´Â this ¶Ç´Â today ¿Í °°Àº ¾î±¸¿Í ÇÔ²²         °ú°ÅÀÇ ÇÑ ½Ã±â¿¡ ÇØ´çÇÏ´Â last ¿Í yesterday ¿Í °°Àº ¾î±¸¿Í
  ÇöÀç¿Ï·á¸¦ ¾´´Ù.                                                               ÇÔ²² °ú°Å´Ü¼ø ½ÃÁ¦¸¦ ¾´´Ù.

   It
hasn't rained today.                                                      It rained yesterday.

   
Have you seen this week's magazine?                           Did you see last week's maganzine?

  ±×·¯³ª ¶§¶§·Î today µîÀº  °ú°Å½ÃÁ¦¸¦ ÀǹÌÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ´ÙÀ½À» ºñ±³ÇØ º¾½Ã´Ù.

  I
haven't seen Sun-hee today.                                        I didn't see Se-hee at work today.
  (It's still daytime.)                                                            (The working day is over.)

 
Has the post come this morning?                                     Did the post come this morning?
  (It's still morning.)                                                            (It's later in the day.)

air.gif                    air1.gif