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  WEB VP OUTPUT FOR FILE: Untitled

Recategorized words: None
Note: In the display text punctuation (but not sentence capitals) is eliminated; figures (1, 20, etc) are replaced by the word number; contractions are replaced by constituent words; type-token ration is calculated without contractions; and in the 1k sub-analysis content + function words may sum to less than total (depending on user treatment of proper nouns, and program decision to class numbers as 1k although not contained 1k list).
K1 Words (1 to 1000):235977.09%
  Function: (1374)(44.90%)
  Content: (975)(31.86%)
K2 Words (1001 to 2000):2016.57%
AWL Words (academic):1545.03%
Off-List Words:34611.31%
Words in text (tokens):3060
Different words (types):1141
Type-token ratio:0.37
Instances per unique word: 2.68
Output text: Money and Magnificent The Gilded Age HISTORICAL BACKGROUND In number as Americans celebrate their nation centennial there was a lingering sadness throughout the country Only a decade earlier in number a long and terrible civil war had ended Four years of fighting between the North and the South had taken the lives of half a million Americans And although Northern victory had ultimately preserved the American Union vivid memories of a ghastly war still lingered Southern states had been devastated by constant invasion In fact in number they were still under the burden of postwar material rule Northern states had escaped complete destruction but thousands of their soldiers too had died For both sides therefore the war between the states had been a shattering experience an overwhelming sorrow which America had to bear in order to end the injustice of slavery THE RISE OF BIG BUSINESS Thus at the end of their century the people looked ahead with mixed emotions As in many postwar period there remained bitterness and self doubt But as often happens after a major conflict there was also a new commitment to prosperity For the war had brought expansion as well as disaster It had created new social patterns and a vast new technology advances that made it possible for America to realize its fullest economic potential The federal government for example had greatly developed during the years of military crisis To provide effective leadership it had become a complex centralized and powerful organization So after number Americans increasingly looked to the government for assistance and support Business leaders consumers pioneers and workers al demand attention They learned to lobby to apply pressure on the government to use all the government new powers With more and more help from Washington therefore they were able to promote the settlement of land the development of industry and the extension of investment opportunities Like the expanded role of government the military campaigns of the Civil War also advanced the American economy For in order to carry on the enormous struggle there were continuous developments in industry communication agriculture banking and marketing Railroad lines were extended and farm machinery improved Medicine advanced the telegraph spread and publicity methods for wartime propaganda developed Indeed in almost every area of national production there were technical and professional improvements to meet the emergency needs of war Finally the Civil War turned out to be a testing ground for talent On the battlefields during strategy sessions at supply lines and in hospitals only one thing mattered success Those who could do their job well were acknowledged and advanced Those who failed were replace and forgotten Thus when the fighting was over there were tough experienced managers among the war survivors These directors were the future leaders of America peacetime development THE GILDED AGE As its second century dawned therefore the United States was just beginning its greatest period of expansion Government assistance improved technology and aggressive leaders were transforming the country economy and a war weary nation turned in relief to the steady pursuit of wealth Fortunes were made and millions invested as the people developed their land their natural resources and their manufacturing capacity So by World War I fifty years after the Civil War a remarkable transformation had taken place America had conquered a continent to become the leading nation of an emerging modern age But the quality of life in that half century did not quite match the nation wealth Power too often led to corruption And the chance for a fortune brought greed and unrest to the souls of ambitious achievers For this reason the decades that followed the Civil war became as America Gilded Age On the surface there appeared rapid growth and great technological achievement Sometimes however beneath the prosperity there was a deeper reality of dishonesty and fraud And yet despite its darker side the Gilded Age was a memorable period in the American experience As symbolized by its ragtime music it was an age of tremendous energy From the fields of oil in Pennsylvania to the cattle ranches of Texas from Rocky Mountain silver mines to the avenues of Manhattan there was fashionable clothes replaced the simplicity of a pioneer past Above all of course there were the millionaires themselves those brilliant investors and extraordinary business leaders who shaped the miracles of the America new economy FOCUS ON ANDREW CARNEGIE Among these figures the most famous perhaps was Andrew Carnegie Born in Scotland in number Carnegie spent his childhood in the romantic and picturesque countryside around the ancient town of Dunfermline With its fine old abbey and its palace ruins the area was rich in Scottish history and young Andrew sensitive and proud soon learned to treasure his national heritage He thrilled to family stories of legendary heroes He took delight in the folklore and tradition of Scotland past Indeed from the land and from its people Carnegie seemed to get a special strength a sense of comfort an identity that linked him to the glory of a vanished epic age Suddenly however this security was rudely shaken The Industrial Revolution was sweeping across Britain and Dunfermline too began to change One after another its artisans were replaced by the new machinery of a growing factory system He struggled hard to keep his regular customers but it was no use Machines could make his cloth much faster and cheaper There would soon be no more work for him he realized sadly But in America toward the western frontiers there would at least be a chance for his children So in number after selling the family possessions to pay for their passage the Carnegies sailed away from Scotland For little Andrew then only thirteen this departure from Dunfermline was traumatic Again and again he turned toward the abbey fading symbol of a world that had crumbled and a peace that was gone forever Ahead lay America continent of opportunity But Carnegie roots and his heart remained in the Scottish hills After arriving in New York the Carnegie family moved on to Pittsburgh Pennsylvania There relatives had told them new industries and spreading railroad connections had created employment opportunities But as the newcomers discovered conditions in Pittsburgh soon proved disappointing Carnegie father found few customers for his lovely handmade cloths and the only employment his mother could find was some part time work as a shoemaker assistant Before long the prospect of want had become to me a frightful nightmare Carnegie confessed More than anything else the proud boy who had cherished Scotland heroes now longed to become his family savior If only he could restore the days of Dunfermline plenty If only he could ease the pain of poverty in America Determined Andrew Carnegie found some word in a nearby cotton factory Then for better pay he quickly changed to another mill By day he spent long hours amid the sickening odors of the oil vats At night he studied the latest method of accounting Finally the chance for advancement appeared A messenger boy was needed at the local telegraph office and Carnegie was hired At last he had an opportunity to meet the business leaders who sent and received the city wires Indeed it was from the telegraph office that Carnegie rise began He was only fifteen but he quickly absorbed all the business information that passed over the wires to this office After a year he learned to operate the telegraph machine itself Then with his speed and skill he soon impressed all the merchants and bankers who needed the information he received One of these businessmen was Mr Thomas Scott superintendent of the western division of the Pennsylvania Railroad On his frequent visits to the telegraph office he often observed its clever young operator So when the expanding railroad needed its own operator Scott insisted on Carnegie In this way Andrew Carnegie entered the fast paced multimillion dollar railroad industry Here again he quickly mastered the details and techniques of a complex organization From telegraph operator he became Scott assistant Then after Scott was promoted to vice president of the line Carnegie himself became the division superintendent It was a position of immense responsibility and countless managerial duties for railroads were quickly becoming the first great corporations in America They invested vast amount of capital in machinery maintenance land construction and supplies They depended on the flawless operation of long range communication systems Any they needed a carefully coordinated staff of thousands in order to operate successfully From number to number years which spanned the Civil War Carnegie directed his wartime pressures he became an expert in corporate finance personnel management marketing promotion and large scale business operations He was also able to make shrewd personal investments since he was in constant touch with the economic and political leaders of the nation A NEW INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY When Carnegie left the railroad therefore he was already a wealthy man Although only twenty nine his dream of saving the family from want had long since been fulfilled But greater achievements still lay ahead During his years on the railroad Carnegie had realized that steel not wood or iron was destined to become the modern world construction material He had heard about the new Bessemer process for converting iron to steel and was determined to utilize this process in steel plants of his own So by means of brilliant investments and drawing upon all his railroad experience he began the systematic expansion of one of his earliest companies the Keystone Bridge Company into a vast corporation Carnegie Steel For almost forty years he devoted himself with customary energy to the management of this corporation And in the process he perfected techniques of corporate management that are still central to international business today He expanded his facilities updated machinery and coordinated a huge staff He also managed to keep his price competitive while aggressively seeking world wide markets Unfortunately this brought Carnegie to a tragic confrontation with labor in number When workers at his Homestead Plant went out on strike against a pay cut Carnegie partner Henry Frick responded with a call for hundreds of guards In the violence that quickly developed many guard and several strikers were killed or wounded In number Carnegie finally sold his company to the world famous banker J P Morgan The price agreed upon was number million and a new corporation was reorganized as United States Steel By this time Carnegie was already involved in an organized program of philanthropy for he had determined to give away much of his fortune to those who needed it He established libraries supported churches built public buildings and created pensions While establishing trusts for future projects he also founded universities and supported education in both Europe and America Indeed by mastering the system that had mastered his father Carnegie triumphed completely over the villain of his youth He had of course paid a high price for success He had made enemies as well as admirers for especially after the Homestead Strike there were critics who had attacked him for having used ruthless business procedures Yet like the heroes of his childhood fantasies he had emerged victorious Like them his name was legend Tycoon of the Gilded Age his exploits too would live on forever in the shadow of Dunfermline Abbey SELECTION I The following selection is from Carnegie Autobiography Written after he had become a famous industrialist it describes the childhood traumas of unexpected poverty departure from Scotland and emigration to America the childhood traumas of unexpected poverty departure from Scotland and emigration to America from Autobiography of Andrew Carnegie With the introduction and improvement of steam machinery trade grew worse and worse in Dunfermline for the small manufacturers and at last a letter was written to my mother two sisters in Pittsburgh stating that the idea of our going to them was seriously entertained not as I remember hearing my parent say to benefit their own condition but the sake of their two young sons Satisfactory letters were received in reply The decision was taken to sell the looms and furniture by auction And my father sweet voice sang often to mother brother and me To the West to the West to the land of the free Where the mighty Missouri rolls down to the sea Where a man is a man even though he must toil And the poorest may gather the fruits of the soil The proceeds of the sale were most disappointing The looms brought hardly anything and the result was that twenty pounds more were needed to enable the family to pay passage to America Here let me record an act of friendship performed by a liftlong companion of my mother She boldly ventured to advance the needful twenty pounds my Uncles Lauder and Morrison guaranteeing repayment Uncle Lauder also lent his aid and advice managing all the details for us and on the number day of May number we left Dunfermline My father age was then forty three my mother thirty three I was in my thirteen year my brother Tom in his fifth year a beautiful white haired child with lustrous black eyes who everywhere attracted attention On the morning of the day we started from beloved Dunfermline in the omnibus that ran upon the coal railroad to Charleston I remember that I stood with tearful eyes looking out of the window until Dunfermline vanished from view the last structure to fade being the grand and sacred old Abbey During my first fourteen years of absence my thought was almost daily as it was that morning When shall I see you again?”…All my recollections of childhood all I know of fairyland clustered around the old Abbey and its curfew bell which tolled at eight o clock every evening and was the signal for me to run to bed before it stopped The arrival at New York was bewildering I had been taken to see the Queen at Edinburgh but that was the extent of my travels before emigrating Glasgow we had not time to see before we sailed New York was the first great hive of human industry among the inhabitants of which I had mingled and the bustle and excitement of it overwhelmed me SELECTION II Unlike Andrew Carnegie Edith Newbold Jones grew up in the privileged world of New York society during America Gilded Age She traveled often even in childhood visiting elegant resorts with her wealthy parents and friends She began to develop a keen interest in literature and writing but her enthusiasm considered improper for a young lady was firmly discouraged by her parents Dutifully in number she married Edward Wharton a prominent member of Boston society Before long however she suffered a mental collapse torn between her duties as a fashionable young hostess and her desire to find a deeper more meaningful life After a slow and painful period of recovery she published a book of short stories in number Three years later came her first novel The Valley of Decision followed by one of her best works The House o Mirth in number When her marriage strained to the breaking point came to an end in number Edith Wharton had already settled in Paris determined to continue her career as an author The Custom of the Country another of her great novels appeared that same year six years later she was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for her masterpiece of fiction The Age of Innocence Surrounded by a brilliant circle of artists she continued to write until her death in number published over fifteen novels several volumes of short stories plays poetry and travel books Following is a selection from The House of Mirth Set in the fashionable New York world Wharton had known as a girl the novel describes the struggles of the beautiful ambitious and intelligent Lily Bart Once wealthy Lily parents have suffered financial disaster leaving their daughter to make her own way in society The only solution Lily knows is to marry a rich man but she repeatedly turns away from the wealthy foolish bachelors who surround her She is attracted to Lawrence Selden a gifted and handsome young lawyer of modest financial means Torn between her ambition and a desire for independence she makes a tragic mistake that destroys her only chance for true love It is a typical theme in Wharton novels where women must sacrifice their own fulfillment and obey society rules or else face certain destruction In the following selection Lily and Selden have an honest discussion during afternoon tea from The House of Mirth by EDITH WHARTON Do not you ever mind she asked suddenly not being rich enough to buy all the books you want He followed her glance about the room with its worn furniture and shabby walls Do not I just Do you take me for a saint on a pillar And having to work do you mind that Oh the work itself is not so bad I am rather fond of the law No but the being tied down the routine do not you ever want to get away to see new places and people Horribly especially when I see all my friends rushing to the steamer She drew a sympathetic breath But do you mind enough to marry to get out of it Selden broke into a laugh God forbid he declared She rose with a sigh tossing her cigarette into the grate Ah there the difference a girl must a man may if he chooses She surveyed him critically Your coat is a little shabby but who cares It does not keep people from asking you to dine If I were shabby no one would have me a woman is asked out as much for her clothes as for herself The clothes are the background the frame if you like they do not make success but they are a part of it Who wants a dingy woman We are expected to be pretty and well dressed till we drop and if we can not keep it up alone we have to go into partnership Selden glanced at her with amusement it was impossible even with her lovely eyes imploring him to take a sentimental view of her case
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me me meaningful means means meet meet member memories million million millions mind mind mind mines modern modern money more more more more more more morning morning most most mother mother mother mother mother mountain moved mr much much much music must must must my my my my my my my my my my my my my my name nation nation nation nation nation national national natural nearby needed needed needed needed needed needed needs new new new new new new new new new new new new new new new new night nine no no no no north northern northern not not not not not not not not not not not not now number number number number number number number number number number number number number number number number number number o o observed of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of 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1001-2000 [147:201] absence advice afternoon agriculture ahead ahead ahead ambition ambitious ambitious amusement attention attention attracted attracted avenues bell bitterness boldly breath cattle century century century cheaper clever clock cloth clothes clothes clothes cloths coat comfort companion competitive confessed connections conquered critically critics custom customary customers customers delight dine disappointing disappointing discussion during during during during during during ease education entertained especially especially excitement extraordinary fade fading fashionable fashionable fashionable firmly fond foolish forbid frame frequent frightful fruits glory government government government government government government grand greed guard guards hired honest hospitals immense improved improved improvement improvements information information international lent managed management management management managerial managers managing match medicine merchants messenger mill mistake mixed modest obey pain painful parent parents parents parents passage passage patterns perfected performed plenty poetry preserved prize program proud proud quickly quickly quickly quickly quickly railroad railroad railroad railroad railroad railroad railroad railroad railroad railroads rapid regular relief repeatedly replace replaced replaced responsibility roots rudely ruins rushing sacred sacrifice sadly sadness sake satisfactory scale self signal skill slavery slow soil solution staff staff steady steam suddenly suddenly sweeping sympathetic tea telegraph telegraph telegraph telegraph telegraph telegraph terrible tied tough treasure typical uncle uncles violence wires wires worse worse
AWL [108:154] achievement achievements acknowledged aid area area assistance assistance assistant assistant author benefit capacity civil civil civil civil civil civil collapse commitment communication communication complex complex conflict constant constant construction construction consumers converting coordinated coordinated corporate corporate corporation corporation corporation corporations created created created decade decades despite devoted economic economic economy economy economy emerged emerging enable energy energy enormous established establishing expanded expanded expanding expansion expansion expansion expert exploits facilities federal finally finally finally finance financial financial focus founded guaranteeing identity intelligent invested invested investment investments investments investors involved job labor linked maintenance major mental method methods military military period period period period potential procedures proceeds process process process professional projects promote promoted promotion prospect published published pursuit range recovery resources responded restore revolution role security seeking selection selection selection selection selection strategy structure surveyed survivors symbol symbolized technical techniques techniques technological technology technology technology theme tradition transformation transforming ultimately utilize vast vast vast volumes
OFF LIST [221:346] abbey abbey abbey abbey abbey absorbed achievers admirers again?”…all aggressive aggressively ah al america america america america america america america america america america america america america america america american american american americans americans americans amid andrew andrew andrew andrew andrew andrew andrew andrew artisans auction autobiography autobiography awarded bachelors bart battlefields beloved bessemer bewildering boston brilliant brilliant brilliant britain burden bustle campaigns career carnegie carnegie carnegie carnegie carnegie carnegie carnegie carnegie carnegie carnegie carnegie carnegie carnegie carnegie carnegie carnegie carnegie carnegie carnegie carnegie carnegie carnegie carnegie carnegie carnegie carnegie carnegies celebrate centennial centralized charleston cherished cigarette clustered confrontation continent continent corruption countryside crisis crumbled curfew dawned departure departure departure destined devastated dingy disaster disaster discouraged dishonesty dunfermline dunfermline dunfermline dunfermline dunfermline dunfermline dunfermline dunfermline dunfermline dutifully edinburgh edith edith edith edward elegant emergency emigrating emigration emigration emotions enthusiasm epic europe fairyland fantasies fiction flawless folklore forever forever fraud frick frontiers fulfilled fulfillment ghastly gilded gilded gilded gilded gilded gilded glance glanced glasgow grate haired handmade handsome henry heritage heroes heroes heroes hive homestead homestead horribly hostess huge ii imploring impressed industrialist inhabitants injustice innocence insisted invasion jones keen keystone lauder lauder lawrence legend legendary liftlong lily lily lily lily lingered lingering lobby longed looms looms lustrous magnificent manhattan masterpiece memorable mighty millionaires mingled miracles mirth mirth mirth missouri morgan morrison multimillion needful newbold newcomers nightmare novel novel novels novels novels odors omnibus overwhelmed overwhelming paced palace paris partnership peacetime pennsylvania pennsylvania pennsylvania pensions personnel philanthropy picturesque pillar pioneer pioneers pittsburgh pittsburgh pittsburgh postwar postwar privileged prominent propaganda prosperity prosperity pulitzer ragtime ranches recollections reorganized repayment resorts romantic routine ruthless saint savior scotland scotland scotland scotland scotland scotland scott scott scott scott scottish scottish selden selden selden selden sentimental sessions shabby shabby shabby shattering shoemaker shrewd sickening sigh sorrow spanned steamer strained strikers superintendent superintendent talent tearful texas thomas thrilled toil tolled tom tossing tragic tragic traumas traumas traumatic tremendous triumphed tycoon unexpected unexpected unrest updated vanished vanished vats ventured vice villain vivid wartime wartime washington weary wharton wharton wharton wharton wharton york york york york york