Table of Native American Cultural / Language Correspondences
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| Tribe* Name | Alternate Names | Geographic Culture Area | Location | Language Phyla | Language Family | Notes * |
| A'aninin | see Gros Ventre | |||||
| Abitibi | Subarctic | |||||
| Abnaki, Abenaki | Wabanaki, Aquannaque, Alnânbai, Bashabas, Moassones, Natságana, Tarrateens, Skacewanilom | Northeast | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Absaroka | see Crow | |||||
| Accohannock | Northeast | Maryland, Virginia | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | Accomac Confederation | |
| Achiligonan | North Great Lakes | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | |||
| Achomawi | California | Hokan | Shastan | |||
| Acquintanacsnak | Northeast | Maryland | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ? Patuxnet | |
| Adai | Southeast | Louisiana | Macro-Siouan | Caddoan | ||
| Adena | Ohio Valley | (see Earliest Cultures) | disappeared ca. 200 AD | |||
| Agawam | Northeast | Massachusetts | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Ah'alakåt | see Chemehuevi | |||||
| Ahtena | Alaska | Na-Dené | Athabaskan | |||
| Ais | Southeast | Florida | ||||
| Akansa | see Quapaw | |||||
| Akwa'ala | California | Baja California | Hokan | Yuman | ||
| Alabama | Southeast | Alabama | Macro-Algonkian | Muskogean | ||
| Aleut | Alaska, Siberia | Eskimo-Aleut | Aleut | |||
| Algonkin, Algonquin | Northeast | East Canada | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Alcolapissa | Aquelou
pissas, Cenepisa, Colapissas, Coulapissas, Equinipichas, Kinipissa, Kolapissasg |
Southeast | Louisiana | Macro-Algonkian | Muskhogean | |
| Alliklik | California | Aztec-Tanoan | Uto-Aztecan | |||
| Alnânbai | see Abnaki | |||||
| Alsea (Alsen) | Oregon | Penutian | Yakonan | |||
| Alutiiq | Chugach | Northwest Coast | Southwest Alaska | Eskimo-Aleut | Yupik | |
| Amikwa | ||||||
| Anasazi (derogatory) | Aztec-Tanoan
(see Earliest
Cultures) |
disappeared ca 1300 AD | ||||
| Androscoggin | Northeast | Maine | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Anikituhwagi | see Cherokee | |||||
| Ani-yun-wiya | see Cherokee | |||||
| Apache | Inde, Tinde | Great Plains | Texas, Oklahoma | Na-Dené | Athapascan | Lipan Apache, Kiowa-Apache |
| Apache | Inde, Tinde | Southwest | Arizona, New Mexico | Na-Dené | Athapascan | Aravaipa, Chiricahua, Coyotera, Jicarilla, Mescalaro, & Mimbreno Apache |
| Apalachee | Southeast | Florida | Macro-Algonkian | Muskogean | ||
| Aquannaque | see Abnaki | |||||
| Aquelou pissas | see Alcolapissa | |||||
| Arapaho | Great Plains | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | |||
| Arikara | Great Plains | North Dakota | Macro-Siouan | Caddoan | ||
| Arkansas | see Quapaw | |||||
| Arosaquntacook | Northeast | New Hampshire, Maine | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Asakiwaki | see Sauk | |||||
| Ashiwi | see Zuni | |||||
| Assiniboine | Great Plains | Macro-Siouan | Siouan | |||
| Astakiwi | California | Hokan | Shastan | Related to Achomawi | ||
| Atakapa | Southeast | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | |||
| Athapaskan, Athabaskan | Northwest Coast | Oregon | Na-Dené | Athapascan | ||
| Atsina | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||||
| Astuami | California | Hokan | Shastan | Related to Achomawi | ||
| Atsugewi | California | Hokan | Shastan | |||
| Avoyel, Avogel | Southeast | Louisiana | Macro-Algonkian | Muskogean | ||
| Awatxia | Great Plains | North Dakota | Macro-Siouan | Siouan | merged with Hidatsa | |
| Awaxixa | Great Plains | North Dakota | Macro-Siouan | Siouan | merged with Hidatsa | |
| Bannock | Great Basin | Aztec-Tanoan | Uto-Aztecan | |||
| Bashabas | see Abnaki | |||||
| Bayogoula | Southeast | Louisiana | Macro-Algonkian | Muskogean | ||
| Beadeye | see Bidai | |||||
| Bear River Indians | see Niekeni | |||||
| Beaux Hommes | see Quapaw | |||||
| Beaver | Subarctic | Na-Dené | Athapascan | |||
| Bella Bella | see Heiltsuk | |||||
| Bella Coola | see Nuxalk | |||||
| Beothuk | Subarctic | Unclassified | Beothuk Isolate | |||
| Bidai, Biday | Beadeye, Viday, Bidias | Southeast | East Texas | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | |
| Bidias | see Bidai | |||||
| Biloxi | Southeast | Mississippi | Macro-Siouan | Siouan | ||
| Blackfoot, Blackfeet | Siksika | Great Plains | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Blood | see Kainai | |||||
| Bow Indians | see Quapaw | |||||
| Caddo | Southeast | Arkansas, Louisiana, Texas, Oklahoma | Macro-Siouan | Caddoan | ||
| Cahinnio | Southeast | Texas, Arkansaw | ||||
| Cahuilla | California | So. California | Aztec-Tanoan | Uto-Aztecan | ||
| Calos | see Calusa | |||||
| Calusa | Calos | Southeast | Florida | |||
| Canarsee | Northeast | New York | ||||
| Capawick | Northeast | Massachusetts island | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Carrier | British Columbia | Na-Dené | Athabaskan | |||
| Casco | Northeast | Vermont | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Catawba | Southeast | Macro-Siouan | Siouan | |||
| Cayuga | Kayonkwe'haka, Gayogoho:no | Northeast | New York | Macro-Siouan | Iroquoian | Haudenosaunee (Iroquois) Confederacy |
| Cayuse | Plateau | Oregon | Penutian | Cayuse Isolate | ||
| Cenepisa | see Alcolapissa | |||||
| Chakchiuma | see Yazoo | |||||
| Chasta Costa | Northwest Coast | Oregon | Na-Dené | Athapascan | ||
| Chatah | Choctaw | Southeast | Mississippi | Macro-Algonkian | Muskogean | (Oklahoma, Louisiana) |
| Chatot | Southeast | |||||
| Chawasha | Southeast | Louisiana | Macro-Algonkian | Tunican ? | ||
| Chehalis | Unclassified | Salishan | Upper, Lower Chehalis | |||
| Chelan | Plateau | Washington | ||||
| Chemakum | Northwest Coast | Washington | ||||
| Chemehuevi | Tä'n-ta'wats,
Ah'alakåt, Mat-hat-e-vátch |
Great Basin | Southeastern Great Basin, Mohave Desert | Aztec-Tanoan | Uto-Aztecan | |
| Cheraw | Southeast | |||||
| Cherokee | Tsalagi,
|
Southeast | Southern Appalacia | Macro-Siouan | Iroquoian | (Oklahoma) |
| Cheyenne | Great Plains | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | |||
| Chiaha | Southeast | |||||
| Chickasaw | Southeast | Tennessee, Kentucky | Macro-Algonkian | Muskogean | ||
| Chilchotin | British Columbia | Na-Dené | Athabaskan | |||
| Chilkhat | see Tlingit | |||||
| Chimakum, Chemakum | Northwest Coast | Washington | Unclassified | Chemakuan | ||
| Chinookan | Northwest Coast | Penutian | Chinookan | |||
| Chipewyan | Subarctic | Na-Dené | Athapascan | |||
| Chippewa | see Ojibway | |||||
| Chisa | see Yuchi | |||||
| Chitimacha | Southeast | Louisiana | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Choctaw | see Chatah | |||||
| Chugach | see Alutiq | |||||
| Chuckchansi | California | Penutian | Yokutsan | |||
| Chu-mai-a | see Yuki | |||||
| Chumash | Santa Barbara Indians | California | Macro-Siouan | Chumashan | ||
| Clallam | Unclassified | Salishan | ||||
| Clatskanie | Northwest Coast | Oregon | ||||
| Clatsop | Northwest Coast | Oregon | ||||
| Cocheo | Northeast | New Hampshire, Maine | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Cochimi | California | Baja California | ||||
| Coeur d'Alene | Plateau | north Idaho | Unclassified | Salishan | ||
| Coharie | ||||||
| Colapissas, Coulapissas | see Alcolapissa | |||||
| Columbia | Plateau | Washington | ||||
| Comanche | Great Plains | Texas | Aztec-Tanoan | Uto-Aztecan | ||
| Comox | Unclassified | Salishan | ||||
| Concow | California | Penutian | Maiduan | |||
| Coos, Coosan | Oregon | Penutian | Coos | |||
| Coos, Coosuke | Northeast | New Hampshire, Maine | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Costano, Costanoan | Penutian | Miwok-Costanoan | ||||
| Coushatta | ||||||
| Cowlitz | Northwest Coast | Unclassified | Salishan | |||
| Cowweset | Northeast | Rhode Island | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Cree | Subarctic | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | |||
| Cree, Mistassini | Subarctic | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | |||
| Cree, Swampy | Subarctic | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | |||
| Cree, Tete de Boule | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||||
| Cree, Western Wood | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||||
| Creek | Southeast | Macro-Algonkian | Muskogean | |||
| Crow | Absaroka | Great Plains | Montana | Macro-Siouan | Siouan | |
| Cupeno | California | So. California | ||||
| Cusabo | Southeast | |||||
| Cuts-sah-nem | see Yakima | |||||
| Dakubetede | Northwest Coast | Oregon | Na-Dené | Athabaskan | ||
| Delaware | see Lenape | |||||
| Diegueno | California | So. California | Hokan | Yuman | ||
| Diné | Navajo, Navaho, Dineh, Tenuai | Southwest | Arizona/New Mexico | Na-Dené | Athapascan | |
| Ditidaht | Northwest Coast | |||||
| Dakota | Great Plains | Macro-Siouan | Siouan | |||
| Dehcho | Northwest Territories | |||||
| Dogrib | Thlingchadinne | Subarctic | Na-Dené | Athapascan | ||
| Doustioni | Southeast | |||||
| Duwamish | Unclassified | Salishan | ||||
| Eno | Southeast | |||||
| Equinipichas | see Alcolapissa | |||||
| Erie | Northeast | Ohio, New York, Pennsylvania | Macro-Siouan | Iroquoian | ||
| Eskimo (derogatory) | see Inuit | |||||
| Esophus, Esopus | Northeast | New York | ||||
| Esselen | California | California | Hokan | Esselen | ||
| Etchemin | see PPassamaquoddy | |||||
| Euqchan | see Yuma | |||||
| Eyak | Northwest Coast | Alaska | Na-Dené | Athapascan | ||
| Flathead | Plateau | Unclassified | Salishan | |||
| Fernandeno | California | So. California | ||||
| Fox | Meshkwahkihaki, Mesquakie | Michigan | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | (Iowa, Kansas, Oklahoma) | |
| Fremont | Utah | (see Earliest Cultures) | disappeared ca. | |||
| Gabrielino | California | So. California | ||||
| Gayogoho:no | see Cayuga | |||||
| Gitksan | see Gitxsan | |||||
| Gitxsan | Northwest Coast | |||||
| Gosiute, Goshute | Great Basin | Utah, Nevada | ||||
| Gros Ventre | A'aninin | Great Plains | ||||
| Guale | Southeast | Georgia | ||||
| Gwitch'in | Subarctic | Northwest Territories | ||||
| Haida | Northwest Coast | British Columbia | Na-Dené | Haida Isolate | ||
| Haihais | Northwest Coast | British Columbia | ||||
| Haisla | Northwest Coast | Unclassified | Wakashan | |||
| Hakataya | see Patayan | |||||
| Halkomelem | Unclassified | Salishan | ||||
| Hamawi | California | Hokan | Shastan | Related to Achomawi | ||
| Hammonassett | Northeast | Connecticut | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Han | Alaska | Na-Dené | Athabaskan | |||
| Hanaksiala | Northwest Coast | |||||
| Hantiwi | California | Hokan | Shastan | Related to Achomawi | ||
| Hasinai | Southeast | |||||
| Hawesedoc | California | Hokan | Shastan | Related to Achomawi | ||
| Heiltsuk | Bella Bella | Northwest Coast | Unclassified | Wakashan | ||
| Hiakim | see Yaqui | |||||
| Hidatsa | Great Plains | North Dakota | Macro-Siouan | Siouan | ||
| Hitchiti | Southeast | Georgia, Florida | Macro-Algonkian | Muskogean | ||
| Hokokam | Arizona/Mexico | (see Earliest Cultures) | disappeared ca. 1500 AD | |||
| Hopi | Hópitu, Hópitu-shínumu | Southwest | Arizona | Aztec-Tanoan | Hopi | |
| Hópitu | see Hopi | |||||
| Hópitu-shínumu | see Hopi | |||||
| Houma | Southeast | Mississippi, Louisiana | ||||
| Hopewell | (see Earliest Cultures) | disappeared ca. 700 AD | ||||
| Hupa | Na-Dené | Athapascan | ||||
| Huron | Wyandot | Northeast | Canada | Macro-Siouan | Iroquoian | |
| Ignacieno | California | Baja California | ||||
| Ilaxluit | see Wishram | |||||
| Illiniwek | Illinois | |||||
| Illinois | Illinois, Arkansas | |||||
| Ilmawi | California | Hokan | Shastan | Related to Achomawi | ||
| Ima | see Quapaw | |||||
| Inde | see Apache | |||||
| Ingalik | Alaska | Na-Dené | Athabaskan | |||
| Inuit | Alaska, East Canada, Greenland | Eskimo-Aleut | Eskimo | |||
| Inuktitut | Eastern Canada | Eskimo-Aleut | Eskimo | |||
| Inupiaq | Alaska | Eskimo-Aleut | Eskimo | |||
| Inuivialuit | Subarctic | Northwest Territories | Eskimo-Aleut | Eskimo | ||
| Iowa | Great Plains | Iowa | Macro-Siouan | Siouan | ||
| Iroquois | see Seneca, Cayuga, Mohawk, Ononidaga, Oneida, Wyandot, Huron | |||||
| Jemez | see Piro | |||||
| Juaneno | California | So. California | ||||
| Kainai | Blood | Great Plains | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Kadohadacho | Southeast | |||||
| Kalaallisut | Greenland | Eskimo-Aleut | Eskimo | |||
| Kalapuyan | Northwest Coast | Oregon | Penutian | Kalapuyan | disappeared ca. | |
| Kalispel | Plateau | Idaho | ||||
| Kamia | California | So. California | ||||
| Kanienkehaka | see Mohawk | |||||
| Kansa | Great Plains | Kansas | Macro-Siouan | Siouan | ||
| Karankawa | Southwest | South Texas | Unclassified | Karankawa Isolate | ||
| Kaska | Subarctic | Northwest Territories | Na-Dené | Athapascan | ||
| Kaskinampo | Southeast | Arkansas | ||||
| Kato | Na-Dené | Athapascan | ||||
| Kawaiisu | Great Basin | California | Aztec-Tanoan | Uto-Aztecan | ||
| Kayonkwe'haka | see Cayuga | |||||
| Keetowahi | see Cherokee | |||||
| Kennebec | Northeast | Maine | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Keres | Unclassified | Keres Isolate | ||||
| Kichai | Great Plains | Texas | ||||
| Kickapoo, Kiwigapaw | Northeast | Wisconsin | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Kiliwa | California | Baja California | Hokan | Yuman | ||
| Kinipissa | see Alcolapissa | |||||
| Kiowa | Great Plains | Aztec-Tanoan | Kiowa-Tanoan | |||
| Kiowa-Apache | Great Plains | Na-Dené | Athapascan | |||
| Kitamat | Unclassified | Wakashan | ||||
| Klamath-Modoc | Plateau | Oregon | Penutian | Klamath-Modoc | ||
| Klickitat | Plateau | Washington | ||||
| Koasati | Southeast | Macro-Algonkian | Muskogean | |||
| Kolapissasg | see Alcolapissa | |||||
| Konomihu | North California | Hokan | Shastan | |||
| Kootenay | Plateau | |||||
| Koroa | Southeast | |||||
| Kosealakte | California | Hokan | Shastan | Related to Achomawi | ||
| Koyukon | Alaska | Na-Dené | Athabaskan | |||
| Kuitsh | Penutian | Yakonan | ||||
| Kutchin | Alaska, Yukon | Na-Dené | Athabaskan | |||
| Kutenai | Plateau | north Idaho | Unclassified | Kutenai Isolate | ||
| Kwakiutl | see Kwakwaka'wakw | |||||
| Kwakwaka'wakw | Northwest Coast | Unclassified | Wakashan | |||
| Kwalhioqua | Northwest Coast | Washington | ||||
| Lake | Plateau | |||||
| Lakota | Macro-Siouan | Siouan | ||||
| Lenape | Delaware, Lenni Lenape | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | (Oklahoma) | ||
| Lillooet | Plateau | Unclassified | Salishan | |||
| Lipan Apache | Great Plains | Texas | Na-Dené | Athapascan | ||
| Luiseno | California | So. California | ||||
| Lumni | Unclassified | Salishan | ||||
| Machias | see Passamaquoddy | |||||
| Madehsi | California | Hokan | Shastan | Related to Achomawi | ||
| Mahican | Northeast | East New York, Massachusetts | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Maidu | California | Penutian | Maiduan | |||
| Makah | Northwest Coast | Washington | unclassified | Wakashan | ||
| Malecite | Northeast | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | |||
| Maliseet | Northeast | New Brunswick, Maine | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Manamet | Northeast | Massachusetts | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Mandan | Great Plains | North Dakota | Macro-Siouan | Siouan | ||
| Manhattan | Rechgawawanc | Northeast | New York | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | |
| Mashanatucket Pequot | see Pequot | |||||
| Mashpee | Northeast | Massachusetts Cape Cod | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Massachuset | Northeast | Massachusetts | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Masscoutan | Illinois, WIsconsin | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | |||
| Matachee | Northeast | Massachusetts Cape Cod | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Mat-hat-e-vátch | see Chemehuevi | |||||
| Matinecoc | Northeast | Long Island | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Mattabesec | see Wappinger | |||||
| Mattapanient | Northeast | Maryland | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ? Patuxnet | |
| Mattole | Na-Dené | Athapascan | ||||
| Melenudo | see Apache (Lipan) | |||||
| Menominee | Omanomini | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | |||
| Meshkwahkihaki | see Fox | |||||
| Mesquakie | see Fox | |||||
| Methow | Plateau | Washington | ||||
| Mewuk | see Miwok | |||||
| Miami | Northeast | Indiana | ||||
| Miccosukee | Macro-Algonkian | Muskogean | ||||
| Micmac | Northeast | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | |||
| Missiasik | Northeast | Vermont, Quebec | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Missisquoi | see Missiasik | |||||
| Missouri | Great Plains | Missouri | Macro-Siouan | Siouan | ||
| Miwok | Mewuk | California | Penutian | Miwokan | Sierra, Plains, Lake, Coastal Miwok | |
| Moassones | see Abnaki | |||||
| Mobile | Southeast | |||||
| Modoc | Plateau | California, Oregon | Penutian | Klamath-Modoc | ||
| Mogollon | Arizona/New Mexico | (see Earliest Cultures) | disappeared ca. 1400 AD | |||
| Mohawk | Kanienkehaka | Northeast | New York, New Hampshire | Macro-Siouan | Iroquoian | Haudenosaunee (Iroquois) Confederacy |
| Mohegan | Northeast | Connecticut | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Mojave | Arizona California | |||||
| Molale | Idaho | Penutian | Molale Isolate | |||
| Monacan | Southeast | Virginia | ||||
| Mono | Great Basin | Aztec-Tanoan | Uto-Aztecan | |||
| Monomoy | Northeast | Massachusetts Cape Cod | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Montagnais | Subarctic | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | |||
| Montauk | Northeast | Long Island | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Mosopelea | see Ofo | |||||
| Mugulasha | see Quinipissa | |||||
| Munsee | Northeast | New Jersey | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Muskogee | see Pakana | |||||
| Mutsun | California coast | Penutian | Costanoan | |||
| Nabesna | Alaska | Na-Dené | Athabaskan | |||
| Nacisi | Southeast | Louisiana | ||||
| Nahant | Northeast | Massachusetts | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Nakipa | California | Baja California | ||||
| Nakota | Macro-Siouan | Siouan | ||||
| Naltunnetunne | Pacific Northwest | Oregon Coast | Na-Dené | Athapascan | ||
| Nameskeag | Northeast | New Hampshire | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Nanatsoho | Southeast | Macro-Siouan | Caddoan | |||
| Napochi | Southeast | |||||
| Narragansett | Northeast | Rhode Island | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Nashoba | Northeast | Massachusetts | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Nashua | Northeast | Massachusetts | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Naskapi | Subarctic | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | |||
| Nasoni | Southeast | |||||
| Natchez | Southeast | Macro-Algonkian | Muskogean | |||
| Natchitoch | Southeast | |||||
| Naticook | Northeast | New Hampshire, Maine | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Natságana | see Abnaki | |||||
| Naumkeag | Northeast | Massachusetts | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Nauset | Northeast | Massachusetts Cape Cod | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Navaho, Navajo | See Diné | |||||
| Nehalem | Northwest Coast | Oregon | ||||
| Nehantic | included in Narragansett | Northeast | Connecticut | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | |
| Nemalquinner | Northwest Coast | Penutian | Chinookan | |||
| Nemasket | Northeast | Massachusetts | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Neponset | Northeast | Massachusetts | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Nespelim | Northwest Coast | Washington St. | Unclassified | Salishan | ||
| Newichewannock | Northeast | New Hampshire, Maine | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Nez Pierce | Ni Mii Puu | Idaho | Penutian | Sahaptian | ||
| Ni Mii Puu, Nimiipu | see Nez Pierce | |||||
| Niantic | Northeast | Rhode Island, Connecticut | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | Eastern Niantic, Western Niantic | |
| Nicola | Plateau | |||||
| Niekeni | California | Na-Dené | Athabaskan | |||
| Nilakyapamuk | Plateau | |||||
| Nipissing | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||||
| Nipmuck, Nipmuc | Northeast | Massachusetts, Connecticut | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Nisenan | California | Penutian | Maiduan | |||
| Nisga'a | Niska | Northwest Coast | ||||
| Niska | See Nisga'a | |||||
| Nisqually (Nisqualli) | Unclassified | Salishan | ||||
| Nitinat | Northwest Coast | Vancouver Island | unclassified | Wakashan | ||
| Noam-kekhl | see Yuki | |||||
| Nobsquasset | Northeast | Massachusetts Cape Cod | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Nomlaki | California | Penutian | Wintun | |||
| Nooksak | Northwest Coast | Unclassified | Salishan | |||
| Nootka | Northwest Coast | Vancouver Island | unclassified | Wakashan | ||
| Norridgewock | Northeast | Maine | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Norwottuck | Northeast | Massachusetts | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Ntlakyapamuck | Unclassified | Salishan | ||||
| Nuu-chah-nulth | Northwest Coast | Vancouver Island | ||||
| Nuxalk | Bella Coola | Northwest Coast | ||||
| Nyakipa | California | Hokan | Yuman | |||
| Ofo | Mosopelea | Southeast | Ohio Valley | Macro-Siouan | Siouan | |
| Ohlone | California coast | Penutian | Costanoan | |||
| Ojibway, Ojibwe | Chippewa | Great Plains | North Great Lakes | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | |
| Okanagon | Unclassified | Salishan | ||||
| Okelousa | Southeast | Macro-Algonkian | Muskogean | |||
| Omaha | Great Plains | Macro-Siouan | Siouan | |||
| Omanomini | see Menominee | |||||
| Oneida | Onenyotehaka | Northeast | New York | Macro-Siouan | Iroquoian | Haudenosaunee (Iroquois) Confederacy |
| Onenyotehaka | see Oneida | |||||
| Onondaga | Ononta'kehaka | Northeast | New York | Macro-Siouan | Iroquoian | Haudenosaunee (Iroquois) Confederacy |
| Ononta'kehaka | see Onondaga | |||||
| Opelousa | Southeast | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian (?) | |||
| Osage | Great Plains | Arkansas, Missouri, Kansas | Macro-Siouan | Siouan | ||
| Ossipee | Northeast | New Hampshire, Maine | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Oto | Great Plains | Macro-Siouan | Siouan | |||
| Ottawa | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||||
| Oweekeno, Ooweekeno | Northwest Coast | |||||
| Paiute | Great Basin | Northeast Great Basin | Aztec-Tanoan | Uto-Aztecan | ||
| Pakana | Muskogee | Southeast | ||||
| Pakiutlema,
Pa' kiut`1ema |
see Yakima | |||||
| Palouse | ||||||
| Panamint | Great Basin | East central California | Aztec-Tanoan | Uto-Aztecan | ||
| Papikaha | see Quapaw | |||||
| Passamaquoddy | Scotuk, Unchechauge, Quoddy, St. Croix, Machias, Etchemin |
Northeast | Maine | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | |
| Patayan | Hakataya | Westen Arizona | (see Earliest Cultures) | disappeared ca. | ||
| Patuxel | Northeast | Massachusetts | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Patuxnet | Northeast | Maryland | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Patwin | California | Penutian | Wintun | |||
| Paugasset | Northeast | Connecticut | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Paviotso | see Paiute, Northern | |||||
| Pawnee | Great Plains | Macro-Siouan | Caddoan | |||
| Pawtucket | Northeast | Massachusetts | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Pawtuxet | Northeast | Rhode Island | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Pedee | Southeast | South Carolina | ||||
| Pejepscot | Northeast | Maine | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Pemigewasset | Northeast | New Hampshire | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Pennacook | Northeast | Northeastern Maine, eastern Canada | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Penobscot | Northeast | Maine | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Pensacola | Southeast | |||||
| Pentucket | Northeast | Massachusetts | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Pequannock | Northeast | Connecticut | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Pequaket | Northeast | New Hampshire, Maine | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Pequot | Mashanatucket Pequot | Algonkian | Connecticut | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | |
| Pericu | California | Baja California | ||||
| Piankashaw | Northeast | Indiana | ||||
| Piegan | Great Plains | Montana | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | Ahahpitape, Ahkaiyikokakiniks, Kiyis, Sikutsipmaiks, Sikopoksimaiks, Tsiniksistsoyiks, Kutaiimiks, Ipoksimaiks, Silkokitsimiks, Nitawyiks, Apikaiviks, Miahwahpitsiks, Nitakoskitsipupiks, Nitikskiks, Inuksiks, Miawkinaiyiks, Esksinaitupiks, Inuksikahkopwaiks, Kahmitaiks, Kutaisotsiman, Nitotsiksisstaniks, Motwainaiks, Mokumiks, Motahtosiks, Susksoyiks | |
| Pima | Southwest | Arizona | ||||
| Pocasset | Northeast | Massachusetts | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Pocumtuck | Northeast | Connecticut | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Podunck, Podunk | Northeast | Connecticut | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Pokanotet | Northeast | Massachusetts | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Ponca | Great Plains | Macro-Siouan | Siouan | |||
| Potawatomi | Northeast | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | |||
| Punkapoag | Northeast | Massachusetts | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Quabaug | Northeast | Massachusetts | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Quahatika | offshoot of Pima | Southwest | Arizona | |||
| Quapaw | Akansa, Arkansas, Beaux Hommes, Bow, Papikaha, Ima, Utsushuat | Great Plains? | Macro-Siouan | Siouan | ||
| Quechan | see Yuma | |||||
| Querecho, Vaquero | ancestors of Apache? | |||||
| Quileute | Northwest Coast | Washington | Unclassified | Chemakuan | ||
| Quinault | Unclassified | Salishan | ||||
| Quinebaug | Northeast | Connecticut | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Quinipiququachog | Northeast | Connecticut | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Quinipissa | Mugulasha | Southeast | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Quinnipiac | Northeast | Connecticut | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Quoddy | see Passamaquoddy | |||||
| Raritan | Northeast | |||||
| Rechgawawanc | see Manhattan | |||||
| Rumsen | California coast | Penutian | Costanoan | |||
| Saco | Northeast | Maine | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Sahaptin | Oregon | Penutian | Sahaptian | |||
| Sahtu Dene | Northwest Territories | Na-Dené | ||||
| Sakonnet | Northeast | Massachusetts | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Salado | (see Earliest Cultures) | disappeared ca, | ||||
| Salish | Northwest Coast | Unclassified | Salishan | Central, Northern Coast, Southern Coast, Southwestern, Straights Salish | ||
| Sandi | see Yxandi | |||||
| Sanpoil | Plateau | Washington | ||||
| Santa Barbara Indians | see Chumash | |||||
| Santiam | Penutian | Kalapuyan | ||||
| Saponi | Southeast | Virginia | ||||
| Sarcee | Great Plains | Na-Dené | Athapascan | |||
| Sarsi | Alberta | Na-Dené | Athabaskan | |||
| Saugus | Northeast | Massachusetts | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Sauk, Sac | Asakiwaki | Michigan | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | (Iowa, Kansas, Oklahoma) | |
| Saulteaux | Subarctic | North Great Lakes | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Schaghticoke | Northeast | New York, Connecticut | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Sekani | Northwest Coast | British Columbia | Na-Dené | Athapascan | ||
| Sekwepmemc | Northwest Coast | |||||
| Seminole | Southeast | Florida | Macro-Algonkian | Muskogean | ||
| Seneca | Shotinontowane'haka | Northeast | New York | Macro-Siouan | Iroquoian | Haudenosaunee (Iroquois) Confederacy |
| Serrano | California | So. California | ||||
| Shanwappoms | see Yakima | |||||
| Shasta | Hokan | Shastan | ||||
| Shawmut | Northeast | Massachusetts | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Shawnee | Northeast | Kentucky | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Shawomet | Northeast | Rhode Island | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Sheepeater | Idaho | Aztec-Tanoan | Uto-Aztecan | |||
| Sheepscot | Northeast | Maine | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Shinnecock | Northeast | Long Island | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Shoshoni, Northern | Great Basin | Aztec-Tanoan | Uto-Aztecan | |||
| Shoshoni, Western | Great Basin | Nevada | Aztec-Tanoan | Uto-Aztecan | ||
| Shotinontowane'haka | see Seneca | |||||
| Shuswap | Plateau | Unclassified | Salishan | |||
| Siksika | see Blackfoot | |||||
| Sinagua | Arizona | (see Earliest Cultures) | disappeared ca. | |||
| Sinkiuse-Columbia | Unclassified | Salishan | ||||
| Sioux | Macro-Siouan | Siouan | ||||
| Sishiatl | Unclassified | Salishan | ||||
| Siuslaw | Oregon | Penutian | Yakonan | |||
| Skacewanilom | see Abnaki | |||||
| Skatecook | Northeast | Connecticut | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Slave | Subarctic | Na-Dené | Athapascan | |||
| Snosqualmie | Unclassified | Salishan | ||||
| Sokoki | Northeast | Vermont | ||||
| Songish | Unclassified | Salishan | ||||
| Souhegan | Northeast | New Hampshire | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Spokane | Plateau | eastern Washington, Idaho | ||||
| Squamish | Northwest Coast | British Columbia | Unclassified | Salishan | ||
| Squawkheag | Northeast | Massachusetts, New Hampshire | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| St. Croix | see Passamaquoddy | |||||
| Stobshaddat (derogatory) | see Yakima | |||||
| Surem | see Yaqui | |||||
| Susquehannok | Northeast | |||||
| Sutaio | Great Plains | South Dakota | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Taa Ashiwani | see Zuni | |||||
| Tachi | California | Penutian | Yokutsan | |||
| Taensa | Southeast | Macro-Algonkian | Muskhogean | |||
| Tagish | Northwest Coast | |||||
| Takelma | Northwest Coast | Oregon | Penutian | Takelma Isolate | ||
| Talamatans | see Wyandot | |||||
| Taltushtuntude | Na-Dené | Athapascan | ||||
| Tamathili | Southeast | |||||
| Tanana, Tanaina | Alaska | Na-Dené | Athabaskan | |||
| Tä'n-ta'wats | see Chemehuevi | |||||
| Tarascan | Unclassified | Tarascan Isolate | ||||
| Tarrateens | see Abnaki | |||||
| Taskarorahaka | see Tuscarora | |||||
| Tawakoni | Great Plains | Texas | ||||
| Tchayankeld | see Yoncalla | |||||
| Tekesta | Southeast | Florida | ||||
| Tenino | Plateau | Oregon | ||||
| Tenuai | see Diné | |||||
| Tewa | Southwest | New Mexico | Aztec-Tanoan | Kiowa-Tanoan | ||
| Teya | Texas, Oklahoma | |||||
| Thlingchadinne | see Dogrib | |||||
| Tillamook | Northwest Coast | Oregon | Unclassified | Salish | ||
| Timucua | Southeast | Florida | Unclassified | Timucua Isolate | ||
| Tinde | see Apache | |||||
| Tito'oqan | ||||||
| Tiwa | Southwest | New Mexico | Aztec-Tanoan | Kiowa-Tanoan | ||
| Tlakluit | see Wishram | |||||
| Tlingit | Chilkhat | Northwest Coast | Alaska | Na-Dené | Tlingit Isolate | |
| Tobacco | Northeast | |||||
| Tohome | Southeast | |||||
| Tolowa | Na-Dené | Athapascan | ||||
| Tommokomoth | Northeast | Massachusetts island | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Tongass | Northwest Coast | Alaska | ||||
| Tonkawa | Great Plains | Texas | Macro-Algonkian | Tonkawa | ||
| Towa | Jemez | Southwest | New Mexico | Aztec-Tanoan | Kiowa-Tanoan | |
| Tsalagi | See Cherokee | |||||
| Tsimshian | Northwest Coast | Northwest US | Penutian | Chinookan | ||
| Tubatulabal | California | California | Aztec-Tanoan | Uto-Aztecan | ||
| Tunica | Southeast | Louisiana | Macro-Algonkian | |||
| Tunxis | Northeast | Connecticut | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Tuscarora | Taskarorahaka | Northeast | North Carolina | Macro-Siouan | Iroquoian | (New York) |
| Tuskegee | Southeast | Alabama | ||||
| Tutchone | Alaska | Na-Dené | Athabaskan | |||
| Tutelo | Southeast | Ohio Valley | Macro-Siouan | Siouan | ||
| Tututni | Northwest Coast | Oregon | Na-Dené | Athapascan | ||
| Twana | Unclassified | Salishan | ||||
| Vanyume | Mohave River, California | Aztec-Tanoan | Uto-Aztecan | |||
| Vaquero, Querecho | ancestors of Apache? | |||||
| Viday | see Bidai | |||||
| Umatilla | Plateau | Oregon | ||||
| Umpqua, Lower | Oregon | Penutian | Yakonan | |||
| Unchechauge | see Passamaquoddy | |||||
| Ute | Great Basin | Southeast Great Basin | Aztec-Tanoan | Uto-Aztecan | ||
| Utsushuat | see Quapaw | |||||
| Vanyume | California | California | Aztec-Tanoan | Uto-Aztecan | ||
| Wabanaki | see Abnaki | |||||
| Wabaquassett | Northeast | Connecticut, Massachusetts | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Waccamaw | Southeast | |||||
| Wachusett | Northeast | Connecticut | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Waicura | California | Baja California | ||||
| Wailaki | Na-Dené | Athapascan | ||||
| Wamesit | Northeast | Massachusetts | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Wampanoag | Northeast | Massachusetts | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Wanapam | Plateau | Oregon, Washington | ||||
| Wangunk | Northeast | Connecticut | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Wappinger | Mattabesec | Northeast | Connecticut, New York | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | |
| Wappo | Unclassified | Yuki | ||||
| Waptailmin, Waptai'lmln |
see Yakima | |||||
| Washo | Great Basin | Hokan | Washo | |||
| Wasko | No. Oregon, So. Washington | Penutian | Chinookan | |||
| Wateree | Southeast | |||||
| Wawenock | Northeast | Maine | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Wea | Northeast | Indiana | ||||
| Weckquaesgeek | Northeast | New York | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Wenatchee | Plateau | Washington | Unclassified | Salishan | ||
| Wepawaug | Northeast | Connecticut | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Wessagusset | Northeast | Massachusetts | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Wet'suwet'en | Northwest Coast | |||||
| Wichita | Macro-Siouan | Caddoan | ||||
| Wikchamni | California | Penutian | Yokutsan | |||
| Winnebago | Northeast | Wisconsin | Macro-Siouan | Siouan | ||
| Winnesemit | Northeast | Massachusetts | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Winnipesaukee | Northeast | New Hampshire | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Wintu, Wintun | California | Penutian | Wintun | |||
| Winyaw | South Carolina | Macro-Siouan | ||||
| Wishram | Ilaxluit, Tlakluit | Plateau | Oregon | Penutian | Chinookan | |
| Wiyot | Northwest California | Macro-Algonkian | Wiyot Isolate | |||
| Woccon | Southeast | |||||
| Wunnashowatuckoog | Northeast | Rhode Island, Massachusetts | Macro-Algonkian | Algonkian | ||
| Wyandot | Huron, Talamatans | Northeast | New York | Macro-Siouan | Iroquoian | |
| Wynoochee | Northwest Coast | Unclassified | Salishan | |||
| Yahi | subcategory of Yana | Hokan | Yanan | |||
| Yakima | Waptailmin, Pakiutlema, Cuts-sah-nem, Shanwappoms, Stobshaddat | Plateau | Washington | Shapwailutan | ||
| Yamasee | Southeast | Georgia, Florida | Macro-Algonkian | Muskogean | (South Carolina) | |
| Yana | Hokan | Yanan | ||||
| Yaqui | Yoeme, Surem, Hiakim | Northern Mexico | Aztec-Tanoan | Sonoran | ||
| Yavapai | Arizona | Hokan | Yuman | |||
| Yawdanchi | California | Penutian | Yokutsan | |||
| Yawelmani | California | Penutian | Yokutsan | |||
| Yazoo | Chakchiuma | Southeast | ||||
| Yellowknife | Subarctic | Na-Dené | Athapascan | |||
| Yoeme | see Yaqui | |||||
| Yokuts | Penutian | Yokuts | North Foothill Yokuts, South Foothill Yokuts, Valley Yokuts | |||
| Yoncalla | Tchayankeld | Penutian | Kalapuyan | |||
| Ysandi | see Yxandi | |||||
| Yuchi | Chisa | Southeast | Macro-Siouan | Yuchi Isolate | ||
| Yuki (derogatory) | Chu-mai-a,
Noam-kekhl |
California | Unclassified | Yuki | ||
| Yuma, Yuman | Quechan, Euqchan | Hokan | Yuman | |||
| Yupik | Alaska | Eskimo-Aleut | Eskimo | |||
| Yurok | Southeast | Northwest California | Macro-Algonkian | Yurok Isolate | ||
| Yustaga | North Florida | |||||
| Yxandi | Ysandi, Sandi | Great Plains | Texas | Na-Dené | Athapascan | |
| Zuni | Ashiwi, Taa Ashiwani | Arizona/New Mexico | Penutian | Zuni Isolate | ||
* Notes: Locations in parens
are post-European relocations (incomplete).
"Disappeared" tribes disintegrated as cultural units; their peoples
often merged into more contemporary tribes.
"Derogatory" names were applied to a tribe by another tribe. For instance,
"Anasazi" translates to "Ancient Enemy"; "Stobshaddat"
translates to "Robber".
"Tribes" is a loose term of convenience which does not do justice
to the varieties of cultural groups of Native Americans "Nations"
is a possible term, albeit one with its own weaknesses.
this site
is not an official representation of Ancient Worlds,
and Ancient Worlds is by no means responsible for its content.