Persia celebrated
Mithra, the sun god, Greece honored Kronos in the Kronia. The Romans
incorporated both in the Saturnalia, for Saturn, the god of earth and
agriculture. The feasts started December 17, continued through the winter
solstice and ended December 25, with "dies natalis solis invictus". the
birthday of the invincible sun. Saturnalia included feasting, drinking to
excess, gift-giving, decorating the house with laurels and role exchages
between master and slave.
In the 4th century
A.D., Christian leaders in Rome proclaimed that Dec. 25 was Christ's
birthday, thus incorprating local traditions giving them Christian
validity.
Modern-day Pagans reach
back to the winter holiday seasons which revere the cycle of nature. Many
celebrate the Celtic winter holiday, Yule