Footwear
Boots
are probably the most important item you will purchase.
Your feet will get you there…and back, hopefully without blisters,
lost toenails, twisted ankles or an aching back. Ranking
up with the importance of boots are socks,
which I will cover later on this page.
Unfortunately many people don't know how important their feet are
until something goes wrong. That's a horrible time to find out, believe
me! If your feet aren't happy, there's no way you will be either.
I can’t stress enough how important a good quality pair of boots is
to your health and well being. For feet’s sake, do not skimp on
your boots! Having been a trekker in the Sahyadri
mountains, I
could tell you horror stories of how people have suffered with improper
footwear. In one instance, I treated someone wearing tennis shoes
who had one foot completely covered by a single blister, top and bottom!
Many, many people have lost all ten toenails because they were
wearing boots that were too small in the toe box or in the overall fit.
You can own the best pair of boots available, but if they don’t fit
properly, your purchase was in vain. When looking to purchase
boots, it is very wise to try them on late in the day since your feet
swell, just as they will when you hike. Also try the boots on with
the socks you will be wearing. Often the stores will have thick
socks available to try on with the boots to assure a good fit. One
of the most common problems I have seen in working with the hiking
public is that they wear boots that are too small. I found some
wonderful, sound advice in Townsend’s book on how to find boots that
fit properly. Put your foot in the boot without tying the shoelace
and slide your foot forward until it hits the front of the boot.
If you have one finger’s thickness of space at your heel, the boot
fits properly. If you have more room, the boot is too big, less
room and the boot is too small. Again, it is very important to
find a good store with experienced help that can assist you in fitting
your boots properly.
There is also a very effective way to tie your boots for the
long, downhill grades in the mountains. You'll find this helpful tip on
the Tips & Tricks
page along with other useful information.
There are many styles and models of boots to choose from; be sure to
find a pair that meets your individual needs. The amount support
you require will vary with the length of trip, weight of your backpack,
the weather, and the type of terrain you will be traversing; the more
difficult the trip, the more support required.
Some important features to look for in boots are:
 | Vibram or comparable high rubber-content soles with deep
lugs to provide good traction. |
 | Sturdy, high tops with padding to protect your ankles while
providing good ankle support. It is also very important that boots
have a stiff heel counter, or heel cup, to support your foot
and ankle. |
 | Uppers made of leather or a leather/Cordura combination.
For those of you who plan on wet-weather hikes or walking in wet
areas, look for lightweight leather boots with fewer seams in the
boot construction. Seams are vulnerable to leakage and must be
carefully waterproofed. (As a side benefit, less seams means
less chance of the boots coming apart.) Some of the
combination-style boots are also made waterproof with a breathable
membrane insert. |
 | Removable insoles that provide good instep support, cushioning,
and, in some brands of boots, allow fine-tuning of the size to fit
individual needs. They can also be replaced once worn out,
extending the life of your boot’s comfort. |
 | Boots rated for the length of your trip and the weight you will be
carrying. The better boots will have "specs" showing
what activity the boot is constructed for: day hiking, short
backpacks, or multi-day trips with a heavy pack. |
 | A lacing system that incorporates D-rings and speed hooks is
especially helpful when putting boots on and removing them.
This also allows variable lacing techniques for better support in
different terrain. You can tie the laces so that it allows
room for your foot to swell, while tightening the lace at your ankle
to help prevent your foot from sliding forward. This is a very
important feature when you will be doing a lot of downhill hiking. |
 | Light weight, while still providing sufficient support. In
the book, Backpacker’s
Handbook, Second Edition, Townsend states that one pound on your
feet equals five on your back! |
 | Sewn-in, gusseted tongues are an important, necessary feature to
look for in waterproof boots; if tongues are separate from the boot,
they will be vulnerable to water getting in around the laces and
tongue. I insist on this feature even for keeping debris out of my
boot. |
Because the human body is not perfectly symmetrical, your feet are
bound to be slightly different sizes. In some people this could
amount to a half-size difference! Be sure to fit the pair of
boots to your larger foot. You can always add socks to fill in the
extra space, but there is nothing you can do to shrink your foot.
I have seen some very imaginative (or just terribly desperate!) people
cut the top of their ill-fitting boots off just to give their toes
breathing space so they could complete their hike.
Fortunately, many of the newer lightweight boots do not require the
break-in time of the older, heavyweight leather boots. Still, it
is important to break your boots in, even if it’s just to make sure
that the boots are comfortable before you take your trip.
Try them on some inclines and rough terrain. Any problems early in
the game will only be amplified on the trail, especially with the weight
of a pack compounding problems. I always tell people that it’s
cheaper to get a new pair of boots than to go to the doctor to have a
problem taken care of later. I f your feet feel good, so will you.
One tip I received from a reader sounds great to me. Use a pair of
toe gel pads (made for ballet point shoes) to protect your toes on those
long, relentless downhill hikes found in the Sahyadri mountains.
Once you have the boots, it’s important to care for them properly.
Clean them after your trips; waterproof them when necessary. With
care, good boots will provide years of enjoyment and comfort. One
thing I do every night of a hike before going to bed is to remove the
insoles and stand them upright through the mouth of the boot. This
allows them to dry thoroughly, which keeps foot odor down.
For boots to do their job well, the right socks
are necessary. Go to the store and you will find multitudes of
socks to choose from. The material and construction of your socks
are very important considerations. Cotton, Ragg wool, merino wool,
acrylic, and polypropylene, are some of the materials used in socks.
They each have their strengths and weakness, which I will cover briefly
here.
 | Cotton is a wonderful
fiber for many things, including socks for everyday use.
However, it is a mistake to wear cotton or cotton-blend socks while
hiking. Your feet sweat and cotton absorbs and retains
moisture, keeping your feet damp and causing the skin to soften.
Add to that the friction caused by hiking and conditions are ripe
for blisters. |
 | Ragg Wool
is the classic choice of fiber for backpackers’ socks and is still
one of the best. Ragg wool wicks moisture away from the foot,
keeping the foot much more comfortable. It doesn’t mat down
as quickly as some of the terry-looped socks available on the
market, providing some welcome cushioning for your feet. The
main problem with Ragg wool is that many people are allergic to
wool. One way to get around this is to wear polypropylene
liners under the wool socks. Another nuisance with Ragg wool
is the special care they must be given. As a ranger, I wore
wool socks with liners through all seasons. They took good
care of my feet and I never got blisters—even with new boots!
The problem I found the most difficult was laundering them.
After a few months, the socks would be so tight with their
elasticity gone that it was difficult to get them on my foot.
I ended up replacing them after only a few months of use, even
though the socks themselves were in good shape. |
 | Merino Wool is
my favorite choice for socks. High quality merino wool has all
of the good characteristics of Ragg wool without the problems.
There is one brand in particular that I find exceptional—SmartWool.
Not only is the fiber of superior quality, but the construction of
the sock is wonderful as well. One major problem with finding
good socks is finding some that fit your foot snugly, not too tight
and not too loose. SmartWool socks fit beautifully with
just the right amount of elasticity to hug my foot. Many
people who are allergic to wool can wear high-quality merino wool.
Another benefit of these socks is that they can be laundered without
losing their elasticity. I still don't put them in the dryer. |
 | Acrylic and acrylic-blend
socks are also good choices for hikers. Although they do not
last quite as long as wool and tend to be hotter as well, they do
wick moisture away from the feet. The synthetic socks I find
the most comfortable and that fit me best are Thorlos, but
there are other brands to choose from that may fit your feet as
well. Some of the synthetic socks have nice cushioning in
areas that get the most impact. Again, fit is extremely
important. |
 | Polypropylene is
primarily used in liners - thin socks worn under the thicker main
socks. The purpose of liners is to wick moisture away from the
skin and out to the main sock, where it is dispersed. Liners
can also be used as a protective layer to keep wool from touching
the skin of sensitive individuals. They can also reduce
friction between the foot and the boot. If your boots are a
little big, liners can fill in some of the extra space so your foot
doesn’t slide around. |
 | Silk is also used in
liners for the same purpose as polypropylene. It feels
wonderful but must be pampered somewhat when laundering. |
Construction is nearly as important as the material used in
socks. Features to look for are:
 | Flat seams, especially above the toe. Bulky
seams can create areas of sensitivity where blisters are likely to
form. |
 | Snug, not tight, fit. I prefer socks with good
elasticity that hugs my foot comfortably, preventing the material
from bunching up. |
 | Thick socks that provide cushion for the ball and
heel of your foot. |
Updated: 07/28/00
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