Terms to Know:
 

gradualism	punctuated equilibrium	stabilizing selection (including graph)
disruptive selection (including graph)	directional selection (including graph)	natural selection
survival of the fittest	homolous structure	analogous structure
vestigial organ	genetic equilibrium	gene pool
genetic drift	founder effect	speciation
fitness	mutation	divergent evolution (describe, give example)
convergent evolution (describe, give example)	artificial selection	physiological adaptation
structural adaptation	behavioral adaptation

Concepts:

• What conclusions did Charles Darwin make concerning finches on the Galapagos Islands, based on their adaptations?
• What is the title of the book Darwin published in 1859, outlining his theory of evolution and natural selection?
• What part of the skeleton of an animal would help indicate whether it is bipedal (walks upright on 2 legs) or quadripedal (walks on 4 legs)?
• Describe (and understand!! don't just memorize) the steps of Darwin's theory of natural selection; identify examples for each step (several questions on this)
• Lamarck asserts that acquired characteristics could be inherited/transmitted to offspring.  Is this scientifically sound?
• Describe the 5 lines of evidence for evolution (fossil, geographic, anatomical [homologous structures, vestigial organs], biochemical, embryological); give examples for each
• How old is the Earth (according to fossil evidence)?
• Describe what is going on with the graphs for directional, stabilizing, and disruptive selection
• Genetic drift tends to occur in populations that are [large, small] and are affected by chance
• can a mutation be helpful? harmful?  (definition: change in a sequence of DNA)
• what was the earth's early atmosphere composed of? what was NOT present?
• What was the point of Stanley Miller's experiment?
• class discussion of flies and pesticides: did eating the insecticide CAUSE the bugs to become less resistant to it?  did eating the insecticide CAUSE the bugs to become resistant to it?  did the pesticide destroy organisms taht cause disease in the insects, thus allowing them to live longer?  did the pesticide select random mutations that were present in the insect population and provided immunity to it?   think carefully!
• why might Darwin have hesitated to publish his concept of evolution by natural selection?
• describe 3 types of reproductive isolation (geographic, temporal, behavioral)