LATER WORKS  
Contributions to the theoretical exposition of Communism made by Engels include the following major works: Herr Eugen Dührings Umwälzung der Wissenschaft (Herr Eugen Dühring's Revolution in Science, known popularly as Anti-Dühring, 1878; trans. 1934), several chapters of which, published separately under the title Socialism: Utopian and Scientific (1892), have become one of the best-known basic expositions of socialism; and Der Ursprung der Familie, des Privateigenthums und des Staats (The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State, 1884; trans. 1902). Engels made what is considered his greatest single contribution to Marxism after the death of Marx by editing, from rough drafts and notes, the second and third volumes of Marx's Das Kapital.

In addition to contributing to the literature and theory of Marxism, Engels participated actively in building the revolutionary movement of his time. Following the outbreak of the revolution in 1848 in Germany, he and Marx went to Cologne, where they published a Communist newspaper.

After the defeat of the revolutions of 1848 in a number of European countries, Engels again became an employee in the textile mill in Manchester, and throughout the years became the chief financial support of Marx and his immediate family. Engels joined the firm that owned the mill in 1864, and retired five years later.

Engels moved to London in 1870 and, after becoming a member of the General Council of the International Workingmen's Association, or First International, began to relieve Marx of the work of directing the council's affairs. After the collapse of the First International in 1872, he maintained contact with revolutionaries throughout the world. Engels took no direct part in the founding of the Second International in 1889, but his influence in shaping its programmes and policies was considerable.