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Effects of Substituents on the Reactivity and Orientation of Electrophilic Aromatic Substitutions
Resonance effects |
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m-directing | o- and p-directing | ||
Inductive
effects |
Activating | N/A |
Alkyl, -OH, -NH2, -O-R |
Deactivating |
-NO2, -CHO, -CO2, -SO3H | Halides |