Chapter 15:  Goal Setting

 

A.   Goals refer to obtaining some desired standard of proficiency.  Goals can be objective (specific regarding the desired performance outcome) or subjective (a vague or general statement of intent). 

 

Goals may focus on obtaining an outcome (usually winning), demonstrating a certain level of performance, or on the process that must be accomplished to accomplish that performance. 

 

         For athletes, goal setting provides a focus and a direction for their actions (e.g., training and practice)

 

          Performance and process goals are particularly useful ones for athletes.  Why do you think this is?

 

 

B.   Research evidence shows that proper goal setting is a highly effective practice but it must be done correctly or otherwise people abandon the goal and get frustrated.  You need…

 

Enough time

Set reasonable goals.  Set specific goals.  There may be short-term and long-term goals. 

         Eliminate the barriers to not meeting the goal and/or increase the forces that support goal accomplishment (e.g., the support or assistance of others)

 

C.   Other key steps in goal setting:

 

A person must be committed and motivated to reach this goal. There needs to be an action plan for accomplishing the goal(s).  What are the strategies for accomplishing the goal(s). 

The person must get feedback along the way that clearly shows how he/she is doing.

Goal setting must be visual and public (write it down!)

 


 

     D.   For athletes there may (and usually should be) goals for practice and goals for competition.  

 

 

 

     E.  Summary acronym:  SMARTS system

 

          S=Specific     

          M=Measurable

          A=Action oriented (indicating what needs to be done)       

          R=Realistic

          T=Timely

          S=Self-determined or set by the person

       

    F.  Overview of goal-setting process

 

1.    Think about what needs to be done

 

2.    Identify the areas that need improvement

 

3.    Make sure the athlete is motivated to improve and work on goals.  May wan to start with those who are most committed.

 

4.    Set goals in a variety of areas-but not too many at first; goals should be “S” and “M”

 

5.    Develop strategies needed to reach the goals—the “A.”  Make sure there is enough time—the “T.”

 

6.    Prioritize where to start

 

7.    Provide support and encouragement

 

8.     Monitor program and provide feedback

 

9.     Adjust the program as needed

 

10.  Provide follow-up and evaluation of the project

 

 

Class exercise:  Following these steps, design a program that addresses a sport or exercise goal for you.  How would you get there?  Make sure all the steps are included.  Write it out and we will share our answers.