A

abandon

anforlætan; forlætan; ofgiefan

abbess

abbudisse, f.

abbot

abbod, m.

abduct

forwgan

abide

anbidian

ability

cræft; mæð

able, be

magan

about

abutan; be (+dat)

above

onuppan

accept

onfon

accomplish

forðian; fremman

according to (prep)

æfter (+dat)

accost

nægan

acknowledge

oncnawan

acquaint (s.o. with s.t.)

acythan

acquire

begietan

act

gefaran

active (adj)

from; hwæt

active, be

onettan

adder

nædre

address

næfan

admonish

manian

adorn

bywan; fægrian; frætwan; ge-frætwan; glengan gyrwan

advance

faran

advanced

gelyfed

advantage

duguð

adversary

andsaca, m

advice

ræd, m

advise

læran; ge-læran; rædan

advisor

rædbora

affectionately

luflice

afflict

bysigian; gedrefan

affliction

myrðu; niþ, m

afraid

forht

afraid, be

ondrædan

after

æfter; ofer

afterwards (adv)

æfter; eft

again

eft; ongean

against

on; ongean

age (n)

ealdor, n

age (v)

forealdian

agreeable

leof

air

lyft, f

ale

ealu

alien

ellorgæst; elþeodig

alight

lihtan

alive

cwic

all (adj)

eall

all (adv)

eall

allow

alyfan

allowed

be allowed to: motan

almighty

ælmihtig

alongside

onemn

also

eac; eac swa; eac swelce (swa); swelce eac

always, adv.

a; awa; æfre

amid

mid

amidst

onmiddan

among

betweox, betwux; ongemang

ancestor (paternal)

rihtfæderencyn

ancestors

ieldran

ancient

eald; gamol

and

ac; and; ond; eac; ge

angel

engel; gast

angry

hatheart

animal

deor

announce

abeodan; beodan;

another

elra; oðer

answer (vb)

answarian; andwyrdan (+dat); oncweðan

answer (noun)

answaru, f

anxious

nearo

any

ænig

anything

awiht, n.; owiht

anywhere

ahwær

appear

ætywan

appearance

onsyn, f

apply

befæstan

apply oneself

befeolan

approach

gretan

archer

sceotan

arise

arisan

aristocratic

indryhten

arm

earm, m

armour

herepad

army

fyrd; here; prass, m

around

abutan

arouse

aweccan

arrange

endebyrdan; gefadian; ge-logian

arrangement

fadung

arrest

gehætan

arrive

gelendan

arrogance

byldu; ofermod; ricceter

arrow

flan; onga

art

list, f.

artifice

searoþonc

ascend

astigan

ash

æsc, m.

ask

ascian; acsian; biddan; frignan

asleep

fall asleep: onslepan

ass

assa, m

assembly

mæðd, n; meðelstede

astonished, be

ofwundrian

at

æt

at last

ænextan

attain

geferan

attention

pay attention to: onmunan

attitude

gebæro, n.

audacious

frecne

authority

onweald, m

autumn

hærfæst

await

abidan; bidan; gebidan

awaken

aweccan; onwæcan

away (adv)

from; onweg

awe

egesa, m

awesome

egeslic

awl

awel, m.

Top

---

B

bachelor

hagostealdmon

back

bæc, n; hrycg

back (adv)

eft; ongean

bag

fætels, m

bait

æs, n.

bake (vb)

abacan; bacan

baker

bæcere, m

band

heap

bane

bana

banner

fana

baptism

fulwiht

baptismal rite

fulluhtþeaw

bath

bæð, n.; gecamp

bathhouse

burnsele

bathe

baþian

batter

cnyssan

battle

beadu, n.; fæhðo, f; feoht; gefeoht; folcgewin; garræs guð; hild; orlege, m

be

beon, wesan (irregular)

beacon

beacen, n.

beam

beam, m.

bear

beran

beast

nieten

beat

beatan

beautiful

ænlic; fæger; freolic

beautify

fægrian

beauty

fægernis

become beautiful

fægrian

become gloomy

drysmian

bed

bedd, n.; leger

befall

alimpan; gesælan

befit

gedafenian

before (adv)

ær, æror, ærest

before (prep)

ætforan

beforehand

foran to

beg for

giernan

begin

beginnan; onginnan

beginning

anginn, n.; fruma, m.; or, n

beguile

lytegian

behind (prep)

beæftan (+dat)

behold

behealdan; sceawian

belief

ge-leafa

believe

geliefan

belligerent

aglæca

bellows

bielg, m

belly

hrif, n

belonging to

gelong

beloved

deore; leof

belt

belt, m

bemoan

begnornian; mænan

bench

benc, f.

bend

gebigean; bugan; hyldan; lutan; onbugan; onhnigan

bend down

onlutan

benefit (v)

dugan; fremman

benefit (n)

duguð fiorm, f.; fremsumnes; nyttnes, f

benefit from

brucan

bequeathe

læfan

beset

besettan

besides

eac; eac þon

bestower

brytta

best

betst; cyst (n); selest

better

betera

between (prep)

betweonan (+dat); betweox

bewail

cwiðan

beyond (prep)

begeondan (+dat)

bid

biddan

bin

binn

bind

bindan; gebindan; sælan

binder

bindere, m.

bird

bridd; fugol, m

birdlime

lim, m

bishop

biscop

bite (v)

bitan

bite (n)

bite, m

bitter

biter; heard

black

blæc

blacksmith

isensmiþ

bladder

bielg, m.

blame (v)

lean

bless

bletsian; segnian; ge-segnian

blessed

eadig; ge-sælig; ge-sæliglic; ge-sælice

blessedness

eadignes

blessing

bletsung, f

blind (vb)

ablendan, wv 1

blink

bryhtm, m

bliss

bletsung, f.; eadignes; hyht

blood

blod; heolfor

bloody

blodig

bloom

blowan

blossom

blostma

blow

blawan

blow (n)

dynt

blow upon

bewawan; biwawan

bluff

næss

boar

bar, m; eofor

board (naut)

bord, n.

boast

beot, n.; gylpword

boastful

beotlic

boasting

gylp

boat

bat; naca, m; sæbat

bodily

lichomlic

body

bodig, n.; feorgbold, n; feorhhus, n.; flæschama; lic; lichama

boil

brædan

bold (adj)

bald; caf; deor; gedyrstig; frecne

boldly

baldlice; caflice; cene; modiglice

boldness

byldu

bond

bend

bone

ban

book

boc

border

mearc, f

bosom

bearm, m.; bosm, m.

both

ægðer; begen; butu

in both respects: gehwæðeres

both ... and (correl conj)

ægðer ... ge; (ægðer) ge ... ge

bottle

flasce, m

boundary

mearc, f

bow

boga, m.

bow (v)

hyldan; onlutan

bow down: hnigan; onhnigan

boy

cnapa; cniht

braid

bregdan

brandish

acweccan

brass

mæstling

brave

caf; cene; collenferð; deor; heard; heardhicgende; heaþodeor heaþorof; hildedeor; modig; secgrof

bravely

caflice; cene; modiglice

bread

hlaf

break

brecan

breast

breost; ferðloca; hreðerloca

bridge

bricg

bridgeguard

bricgweard

bridlepath

horsweg

brief

medmicel

brier

brer

bright

beorht

bring

beran; brengan; bringan; gebringan; lædan

bring forth

acennan; asprytan; forþbringan

bring in

inlædan

bristle

byrst, f

broad

brad

broth

broþ

brother

broðor

buddy

gefera

build

betimbran

build around

bewyrcan

building

edor; foldbold, n; hof, n; reced

buildings

scurbeorg

burden

hefigan

burdensome

hefigtyme

burial place

byrgen

burn

byrnan; forbærnan; ontendan

burn down: forbeornan

burn up: forbærnan

burning

bærnett, n.; brond, n.; bryne

burst

berstan

bury

bebyrgan; bedelfan; burgan

busy

bysig

but

a; butan, buton; hwæðere; nefne

butter

butere, f

buy

bycgan; gebycgan; ceapian; geceapian

buy off

forgyldan

by fram (+dat)

by means of: mid

Top

---

C

call

ceallian; clipian, clypian; hatan; nemnan

call out

clipian, clypian

can

cunnan; magan

canon

canon

cape

hoh, m

capital

heahburg

captive

hæft, m

capture

læccan

care

reccan

care about

gyman; reccan

care for (v)

freoþian; gyman

care

bisgu; cearo, f.; heord, f

careless

recceleas

carry

beran; ferian

carry away; oðberan

carry out

forðian; ge-læstan

carve

ceorfan

catch

betræppan; fon; gefon; gehæftan; læccan

cathedral

mynster

cattle

neat, n; nieten; orf, n

cause

intinga

causeway

bricg

cave

eorðscræf; hlæw

cellar

cleofa

certain

cuðlic

certainly

hura

chamber

bur, m

champion

cempa

chance

gesælan

change

awendan; hwierfan; onhweorfan; onwendan

chapel

gebedhus

chase

bedrifan; ehtan

cheerful

bliðe

cheerfully

rotlice

cheese

ciese, m.

chest

breost; hreðerloca

chest (i.e. container): scryn

chew the cud

eodorcan

chicken

cicen

child

bearn, n.; cild; lytling

childbearing

geacnung

chill

ciele, n

chipped

sceard

choose

ceosan

church

cirice, circe; mynster

circuit

begong

citizens

ceasterware; leod, m

city

burgsteall; burgstede; burgtun; eard

city building

burgræced

city dweller

ceasterbuend

clash

hnitan

clasp

beclyppan

claw

grap, f

clean (ad)

clæne

clean (vb) feormian

cleanliness

clænnis

cleanse

fæsian

cleanser

feormynd

clear

geryman

clearly

andgitfullice

cliff

clif, n.

close (adj)

nearo

close (v)

betynan

clothe

scrydan

clothing

scrud

coal

gled

coast

særima

coffer

scryn

cold (ad)

cald;

cold (n)

cald; ciele, n.

collapse

gedreosan

colour

bleo, n.

combatitive

aglæca

come

becuman; cuman;

come after

æfterfylgan

come to pass

alimpan

comfort (n)

eðnis

comfort (v)

frefran

comfortable

sefteadig

coming

cume

command (v)

bebeodan; beodan; hatan

command (n)

hæs; onweald, m

commander

heretoga

commend

bebeodan

(be) committed to (s.t.)

cnodan

community

geferscipe, m.

companion

gefera; heorðgeneat; ge-selda

company

gedræg; heap

compell

abædan

complete (adj)

full

complete (v)

geendian

completely

clæne; eall; ful

comrade

eaxlgestealle; gefera; geneat

conceal

behydan; deagan; gehydan; miþan

concern

bisgu

concerning

be (+dat)

conclude

betynan

conclusion

ende

confess

andettan

confidant

gehola, m; runwita

confirm

befæstan

conflict

guðplega, m

confront

nægan

conscience

ingehygd, f

consecrate

halgian

consolation

frofor

console

frefran

consult

run

consume

gefeormian

contain

belucan

contempt

forhognis

contend

lacan; genæstan

contest (n)

geflit

contest (v)

flitan

continue

ge-læstan

control

ge-reccan

convenient

hyþelic

cook

coc

cool (v)

colian

copper

ar, n

corpse

hræw

correct (v)

gerihtan

correctly

rihte

corrupt

geblandan

costly

deorwierþe

cottage

bur, m

coulter

culter, m

council

gemot

counsel (n)

larcwida

counsel (v)

rædan

counsellor

runwita

country

eard; folclond; land, lond; londstede

courage

ellen, n; hige; mod

course

drohtoð; for, f.

courageous

heaþorof; heaþodeor; modig

cover (v)

besettan; bewreon; bihreosan

cover (v)

helm, m

cover with liquid

begeotan (sv 2)

cowardly

earh

crab

crabba, m

craft

cræft

create

scieppan; ge-scieppan

creation

frumsceaft; ge-sceaft, f; ge-sceap, f

creator

meotod; scieppend

creature

ge-sceaft, f

crime

fyren; man; mandrinc; morð; mor;thorn;or

cross oneself

segnian; ge-segnian

cross

gealgu; gealgtreo; rod

sign of the cross: rodetacn

cross-beam

eaxlgespann

cruel

reþe

crust

rind

cry

cyrm, m; hleoðor

cuckoo

geac

cudgel

sagol

cunning

list, f

cup

bune; druncfæt

curse

awiergan

custody

heord, f

cut (n)

bite, m.

cut (ad)

sceard

cut the hair

efsian

cut down

aheawan; forheawan; fyllan; heawan

cut off

beheawan

cut through

forslean

Top

---

D

damage (n)

hearm

damn (vb)

awiergan

danger

frecennis; pleoh, m

dangerous

frecne; pleolic

dare

durran

daring

gedyrstig; frecne

dark

deorc; fealu

darken

nipan, genipan

darkness

heolstor, m; ge-nip; sceadu

dart

onga

dejected

hean

demon

scynscaþa

desirable

lustbære

desire

geornfulnes; lust, m; neodlaðu

desiring

gelysted

desolate

feasceaftig

despair

forðencan

despondent

ormod

despoil

forhergian

determined

higeþigtig

determinedly

eornoste

dash

cnossian; (against) cnyssan

daughter

dohtor

dawn

dægræd

day

dæg; dogor (poet)

day, number of

dægrim, n.

day's work

dægweorc, n.

days gone by

geardagas

days of life

ealdordagas

daybreak

ærdæg, m.

dead

dead

deadly

ættryne

dear

deore; leof

death

cwalu, f; deaþ ealdorgedæl; forðfor; forðweg; fyl, m. guðdeað, m; lifgedæl

decay

afeallan; brosnian

deceitful

geap

deceive

bepæcan; beswican; lytegian

decide

ge-rædan

declare

gecyðan

decline

dreosan; oðfæstan

decorated

fah; ge-regnad

deed

dæd

deep

deop

deeply

deoplic

deer

heorot

defence

gebeorg, n.

defend

beorgan, gebeorgan; ealgian

defile

afylan

delight

dream

deliver (a message)

abeodan

deliver (s.t.)

betæcan

densely

nearolice

depart

afaran, sv 6; geleoran

departure

forðweg; fromsiþ

deprive

bedæan (+dat); beniman; bidreosan; biniman; bistelan;

deprived

befeallen

deride

ahliehhan

descent

æþelo, np

deserve

geearnian

despise

forseon

despoil

behlyþan

destroy

bereofan; fordon; forleosan; ofslean

deviate from

ahyldan

devil

helsceaða

devour

ge-etan (5); forswelgan; fretan

die

gefaran; forðferan

dig (v)

delfan

digging (n)

gedelf

diligently

neodlice

diminish

lytlian

dire

ealfelo

direct (v)

gedihtan; gerihtan

directions, in all

æghweder

dirt

greot

discard

aweorpan

disclose

iewan; onwreon

discover

geascian; onfindan

disease

adl, f

disengage

geæmetigan

disgrace

bysmor; edwit

disgraceful

scand

dish

disc

dishonourable (adj)

arleas

dismount

lihtan

dispense with

forþolian

dispose

endebyrdan

dispute

geflit

dispute (v)

flitan

distant

fierlen

distort

aweorpan

distress

hreðerbealo; nearones; oncyðð

disturb

drefan

disturbance

myrðu, f

dive

dufan

divine

godcund

divinely

godcundlice

divinity

godcundnes

do

don; gefremman

do without: forþolian

doctrine

lar

donor

goldgiefa

door

duru, f

down

dun; ofdune

drag

bregdan

dragon

draca; wyrm

drape with (s.t.)

behon

draw

ateon

draw near

nealecan

draw (a sword)

bregdan

dreadful

atelic; egeslic

dream

gemætan

drench

begeotan; besteman; beswillan

dress (v)

gyrwan

dress (n)

hrægl

drink (v)

drincan

drink (n)

drynce

drive

bedrifan; cnossian; drifan

drive out

adræfan

drown

besencan

dumb

dumb

during

on

dust

dust; greot

dwell

buan

dwelling

byht; eardgeard

Top

---

E

each

ægðer; ælc; gehwa; gehwelc

eager

eallgearo; fus (+gen); georn; geornful

eagerly

georne; geornlice

eagle

earn, n

ear

eare

earlier

æror

early morning

ærnemergen

earn

geearnian

earnestly

eornoste

earth

eormengrund; eorð folde; grund, m; hruse, f; molde, f

ease

eðnis

easily

eaðe

east

east

from the east

eastan

eat

brucan; etan; ge-etan; forswelgan

eat up

gefeormian; fretan

ebb-tide

ebba

edge

ecg

edit

endebyrdan

eel

æl, m.

eight

eahte

either

gehwæðer

elders

ieldran

eleventh

endlyfta

else

elles

ember

gled

embrace (v)

beclyppan; clyppan

embrace (n)

fæðm

emperor

casere

employment

notu, f

empty (adj)

æmettig

empty (vb)

geæmetigan

enclose

befon; lucan

enclosure

burg, byrig; geard; hege; loc, n

encounter (n)

gemot

encounter (v)

metan

encourage

byldan

end

ende

end (v>

geendian

endow

ge-godian

enemy

andsaca, m.; feond, m.; feondsceaþa, m; fynd, feond

England

Angelcynn

English, the

Engle

English (adj)

Englisc

English language

Engliscgereorde

enjoy

brucan; notian

enmity

fæhðo, f; feondræden, f.

enough

genog

enrage

gebelgan; gremian

enraged

bolgenmod

ensnare

beswican; besyrwan

entertainment

gomen

entice

atyhtan

entire

full

entirely

clæne; eall; fullice

entrap

besyrwan; betræppan

entreat

giernan

entrust

betæcan

entry

ingong, m.

envelop

bewindan

equip

gescyrpan

error

gedwol; gedwyld

escape

ætberstan; losian

especially

huru

essential

niedbeðearf

establish

arædan; astellan; (a truce) fæstnian; onstellan

esteem

eahtian

eternal

ece

eternally

ece

eucharist

husl

even

efne; furþum

evening

æfen; æfentid, f.

evening speech

æfenspræc,f

event

gelimp

eventually

ænextan

ever

æfre

everlasting

ece

every

ælc

every one (pro)

æghwa; gehwa

everything

æghwa

everywhere

æghweder; gehær

exalt

onhebban

examine

beseon; geondsceawian

examination

sceawung

example

gebisnung; bysen, f

excellence

fægernis

excellent

ærgod; betlic

except

butan, buton

except (con)

nefne; nemne; nymþe

exemplar

bysen, f

exhort

manian; gemanian

exile

adræfan

experience

gebidan

experienced

frod

extend

astreccan; ryman

explain

reccan

exult

ahliehhan

eye

eage, n.

Top

---

F

fable

leasung

face

andwlita, m.; onsyn, f

fade

searian

fail

abreoðan

faith

ge-leafa

faithful

ge-leafful

fall

fyl, m.; hryre, m

false

leas

fall

befeallan; crincgan; feallan; gefeallan; hreosan

fall apart

berstan

fall off

afeallan

fame

hlisa, m; mærðu, f

familiar

cuð

family

cynn

famine

hungor

famous

mære

far (adj)

feor

far (adv)

feor

as far as: oð

fare

feran

farmer

ierþling

farming

eorþtilþ

fast (adj)

fæst

fast (n)

fæsten

fast (adv)

fæste

fast (v)

fæstan

fasten

besmiþian; fæstnian; gefæstnian; sælan

fat

fæt

fatal

ættryne

fated

fæge

father

fæder

favour

ar, f; geearnung; milts

fear (n)

ege, m; fyrhtu

fear (v)

forhtian

fearful

egeslic

feast

gebeorscipe; fyllo, f

feather

feðer

feed

afedan; fedan

feel

gefelan

fell (v)

fyllan

fellowship

geferscipe, m

fence

hege

festivity

mondream

fetch

gefecgan; fetian

fetter

clomm, clamm, n.; feter, f.

feud

fæhðo, f

few

feawe; hwon; lyt

fiction

leasung

field

æcer, m; feld, m.

fierce

biter; gram; grim; heard; reþe

fiercely

grimme; heardlice

fifty

fifteg

fig

fic

fight (v)

feohtan; gefeohtan; lacan

fight (n)

feohte, f

figleaf

ficleaf

file (n)

feole

file (v)

feolian

fill (v)

fyllan; ge-fyllan

fill (n)

fyllo, f

fill up

afyllan

find

findan; gemetan

find fault with: lean

find out: cunnian; gefrignan

finger

finger, m.

fingernail

nægl

fire

brond, n.; bryne; lig

firm (adj)

fæst

firmly (adv)

fæstlice

first (adj)

ærest; fyrmest

first (adv)

ærest; forma

firstborn

frum-bearn, n.

fish (n)

fisc, m

fish (v)

fiscian

fisherman,

fiscere, m

fitness

mæð, f

fitting

gedefe; riht; gerisenlic

fittingly

gerisenlice

five

fif

fixed

fæst

flame

lig

flammable

libgysig

flask

flasce, m

flee

fleon; forbugan; sceacan

fleet

sciphere

flight

fleam, m; flyht

fling

bregdan

float

fleotan

flood (n)

flod, m

floor

flet; flor, m

flow (v)

flowan;

flow (n)

gang, m

flow around

beflowan

fly

fleogan

fly away

ætfleogan

fodder

fodor

follow

æfterfylgan; folgian; fylgan; læstan

folly

dysignese

food

bileofa; fodor; mete

foolish

dol; dysig

foolishness

dysignes

foot

fot, m

footstep

fotstapol

for, in place of

fore (+dat)

forbid

forbeodan

force

cræft; mæenþise

ford

ford, m

foreign

elþeodig

foremost

fyrmest

forest

holt; holtwudu

forever, adv.

a; awa; æfre

forgive

forgiefan

forgiveness

forgifenes

form (n)

hiw

formerly

geo

fornication

forliger

forsake

forlætan

forsee

foresceawian

forth

forð

fortress

fæsten

forward

forð

foul

ful

four

feower

fourteen

feowertyne

fowler

fuglere

free (vb)

geæmetigan

free (adj)

freo; freolic

frequent

gelome

frequently

geneahhe

freight

hlast

friend

freond; heorðgeneat; gehola, m

friendless

freondleas

friendship

freod, f

friendly

bliðe; bliðemod; hold

friendship

freondscipe

from

æt; fram (+dat); of (+dat)

from afar

feorran

from here

heonon

from near

nean

from the north

norðan

from within

innan

frost

forst, n.; hrim, m

frosty

hrinde

frozen

freorig

fulfilment

gefillednys

full (adj)

full

fully

fullice

furious

reþe

further

furþur

Top

---

G

gain

begietan

gallop

ærnan; hleapan

gallows

gealgu; gealgtreo

game

gomen; huntoþ

gannet

ganet

garden

neorxenawang

garment

hrægl; reaf

gate

geat, n

gather

ge-gaðerian

gathering

ge-laðung

gaze

behealdan

gem

gimm, m; searogim

generous

cystig

gentle

liþe; monðwære

get

begietan; gegongan

gesture

gebære

get up

astandan

ghost

gast

giant

ent; eoten

gift

giefu, f

gird

gyrdan

give

forgiefan; giefan

give birth

acennan

give thought

hogian

give up

alecgan

give way

abugan; onirnan

given

gifeðe

giver

brytta

gladly

bliðelice; lustfullice

glas

glæs

gleeming

scir

glide

sriþan

glorious

mære

glory

blæd; mærðu, f

go

faran; feran; gan; gongan; hweorfan

go mad

awedan

goad

gad, f

goat

gat

goathair

gatehær

goblet

bune

god

god, n.

godson

godsunu

gold

gold, n.

goldsmith

goldsmiþ

good

god

good deed

fremu, f

goodness

god

goods

god

gore

helofor

gospel

godspel

grace

ar

gracious

glæd hold

grain

corn

granted by fate

gifeðe

grapple

genæstan

grasp

grap, f; gripe

grave

byrgen; eorðscræf; græf; moldern, n

great

mæst; micel; rice

greatest

mæst

greatly

miclum

greedy

gifre; grædig

green

grene

greet

gretan; halettan

grey

græg; har

grey-haired

feaxhar; gomelfeax; har

grief

hearm; oncyðð

grim

biter

grimly

grimme

grind

grindan

grip

clomm, n; clamm, n; grap, f.; gripe

ground

folde; grunde

grove

bearu

grow, grow up

aweaxan

grow dark

nipan, genipan

grow old

forealdian

grow over

beweaxan

grow pale

blacian

grow desolate

dreorgian

grow old

ealdian

guard

bewitan

guardian

hyrde

guardianship

hyrdræden, f

guilty

fah; scyldig

Top

---

H

hail (v)

halettan

hail

hægl

hailstorm

hæglfaru

half

healf

hall

dryhtsele; gifheall; goldsele, m; heall, f; reced; sæ, n; sele

hand

folme; hand, f

handgrip

mundgripe

hang

hangian; hon

hanged, be

hon

happen

alimpan; befeallan; limpan; ge-limpan; ge-sælan

happily

ge-sælice

happiness

bliss, f; sæl, m/f

happy

fægen; gesæliglic

hard

forheard; heard

hardship

gedeorf; earfoð

hardship, time of

earfoðhwil

harm (n)

bealo, n.; frecennis; hearm

harm (v)

derian

harness

gerædu

harp

gleobeam; hearpe

hasp

hæpse

haste

hreading, f

hasten

efstan; onettan

hasten away: sceacan

hateful

atol; lað

hatred

niþ, m

have

agan; habban

have to: sculan

hawk

hafoc

head

hafela; heafod

headland

næss

headless

heafodleas

heal

halian; hælan

healthy

halwende

hear

hieran; gehieran

hearing

gehyrnes, f

hearsay

gefræge

heart

breostcofa; breosthord; ferðloca; heorte, f; hige; hordcofa, m hreþer, n; modsefa; sefa, m

heat

hat, n

heathen

hæþen

heaven

heofon, m; rodor

heavenly

heofonlic

heavy

hefig

hedgehog

igl

heed

onmunan

heel

hoh, m

heirloom

laf, f

hell

hell, f

helmet

helm, m

help (v)

fultumian; ge-fultumian; fylstan (+dat); helpan

help (n)

fultum; geoc; help, f

hence

heonon

herder

hyrde

here (adv)

her

hereafter

heræfter

heresy

gedwol; gedwyld

heretic

gedwolmann

hero

hæeþ, m; hererinc, m

herring

hæring

hew

heawan

hidden

deogollice

hiding place

heolstor, m

high

heah

hide (n)

hyd

hide (v)

behydan; deagan; hydan

hill

beorg, m.; dun

himself, herself

self

hinder

ge-lettan

hither

hider

hoard (n)

hord, m

hoard (v)

hydan

hoarfrost

hrim, m.

hoarse

has

hoary

har

hold

habban; heabban; gehealdan

hold fast

gebindan

holly

holen

holly

holen

holy

halig

home (adj)

ham

home (n)

ham

homeland

eard; eþel

homewards

ham

honourable

arweorðe; gerisenlic

honourably (adv)

arlice

hook

angel, m

horn

horn, m

horrible

atelic

horror

fyrhtu

horse

eoh; hengest; hors, n; mearh

horseguard

renweard

host

husl

hostage

gisl

hostile

bealohydig; gram

hostility

anda

hot

hat

how

hu

however

hwæðere

house

hus; sele

human beings

firas

humble

eadmod; eaðmod

humble (v)

hnæan

humbly

eadmolice; eaðmodlice

humiliating

heanlic

hundred

hund

hunger

hungor

hunt (n)

hunta; huntoþ

hunting

huntoþ

huntsman

hunta

Top

---

I

I, me, my

ic, me, min

icecold

hrimceald; isceald

icicle

hrimgicel

idle

idel

if

gif

ignorant

dysig; læwede

illustrious

mære

image

anlicness, f; onlicnes, f

imagine

asmeagan

imitate

geæfenlæcan

immediate

hrædlice

immigration

ingong, m.

imminent

neah

impel

afysan

improve

gebetan

impulsive

hatheort

in (adv)

in

in (prep)

binnan; in (+dat); on

in addition to

eac

in advance

foran to

in front of

ætforan; biforan (+ dat)

incarnation

menniscnis

incite

hwettan

incline

onhyldan; onlutan

increase (n)

eaca

indicate

gebicnian

infantry

feða

infect

geblandan

inform

cyðan

ingenuity

hwætred; searoþnc

inhabit

buan

inhabitants

landbuend

inheritance

laf, f

injure

hynan; sceðan

injury

bealo, n.

innocent

bilewit

inquire

frignan

inside (adv)

in; inne

insolently

orhlice

inspiration

inbryrdnes

inspire

onbærnan

institute (v)

onstellan

intact

gehal

intelligence

andgit; orþonc

intelligently

andgitfullice

intend

hogian; myntan

intention

gehygd; ingehygd, f

intersection

eaxlgespann

interval

tæc

into

on

invite

laðian

iron

isen

island

ealond; eglond

ivory

elpendban

Top

---

J

javelin

gafeluc

jewel

eorcanstan; gimstan

jewelry

eorcanstan

join

lucan

joint

banloca

joke

gleowian

journey

for, f

joy

bletsung, f; dream; hyht; liss; sæl, m/f

joyfully

glædlice; gliwstafum

joyous

gloædmod

judge (v)

deman

judgment

dom, m.

judgment day

domdæg; domesdæg

jurisdiction

onweald, m

justice

riht

Top

---

K

keel

ceol

keen

cene

keep

healdan

keeper

hyrde

kidnap

forwegan

kill

acwellan; cwellan; gefyllan; heawan; hynan; ofslean

killer

bana

kin

cynn; cyþþ

kind

gecynd; cynn

kind (adj)

glæd; liþe; milde; monðwære

kindness

liss

kindle

onæan; onbærnan; ontendan

king

cyning

kingdom

cyneric; rice

kiss

cyssan

knee

cneo, n

knit

bregdan

know, know how to

cunnan

knowledge

ongytenes, f

Top

---

L

ladder

hlæder

lament

begnornian; cwiðan

lake

mere

land (n)

land, n

land

gelendan

language

-geþiode

lap

bearm, m.

large

micel

larger: mara

Latin

læen

laugh

hliehhan

laugh at: ahliehhan

laughter

hleahtor

law

æ, f

lawful

gecynde

lay (n)

læwede

lay (v)

lecgan

lay down

alecgan

lay hold of

begietan

lay waste

awestan

lead

lædan; ge-lædan

leader

ealdor, m.; folctoga; heafodman; heretoga; leodfruma

leap

hleapan

leap upon: gehleapan

leap up: ahleapan

learn

learnian; ge-leornian

learn (by asking)

geascian; gefrignan

learning

liornung

least

læsst

leather bag

bielg, m.

leave

afaran, sv 6; læfan; geleoran

leave unfulfilled

aleogan

leggings

leþerhose

lent

lencten

less

læs; læssa

lest

þy læs þe

let

lætan

let go

forlætan

letter

ærendgewrit

liberate

onlysan

lichen

ræg

lie

licgan; restan

life

ealdor, n.; feorh, n.; lif; lifdagas

life-sustaining

frþfriðende

lift

lædan

lift up

ahebban; hebban; ræran

light

leoht; scima

like

gelic; gelice

likewise

eac swa

limb

lim, n; liþ

limited

mæte

linen

linen

listen

hieran; hlystan; gehlystan

literature

boccræft

little

fea; hwon; lyt; lytel

live

libban

livestock

orf, n

lo (inter)

hwæt

load

hlast

lobster

loppestre

lock

belucan; lucan

lock (n)

hæpse

log

beam, m.

long (adj)

lang, long

long ago

ealdes; geara

longing

langoþ

look

beseon

look at: sceawian

lord

drihten; frea, m; freadryhten; goldgiefa; goldwine; heorra; hlaford

lordly

dryhtlic

loss

demm, m

lost (be, get)

losian

loud

hlud

loud (adv)

hlude

loudly

hlude

love (n)

frendscipe; lufu

love (v)

freogan; lufian

loved

felaleof

lover

freond

lovingly

freondlice

lower

onhyldan

loyal

hold

luck

hælo, f

lumber

healwudu

lurk

lutian

lust

lust, m

lying

leasung

Top

---

M

magnificence

onmedla

magnificent

dryhtlic

maiden

fæmne; mægð

maintain

gehealdan

make

don; macian

make beautiful

gef&elig;rian

make famous

mæran

make glad

gef&elig;nian

make known

acythan; cyðan; gecyðan

make use of

neotan

make wet

besteman

male

mann

malice

anda; niþ, m

man

beorn, m.; esne, m; guma; mann; hæle, m; leod, m; mann, m; mæcg; reordberend; rinc; scealc, m; secg

manger

binn

mankind

feorhcynn, n.; foldbuend; mancynn

many

fela; manig

many a: manig

maple

hlin

mare

myre, f

marsh

fen; fenhlið; mor

marvel

ofwundrian

master

frea; hlaford

masterless

hlafordless

may

motan

mead

medodrinc; meodo

meadhall

meodoheall

meaning

andgit, n.

measure

gemet

meat

flæscmete

meditate

geondþencean

mediation

run

meet

findan; metan; gemetan

meet with

geferan

meeting

gemot

meetingplace

meðelstede

melt

gemeltan

memory

gemynd

men

ælde, mp

merchant

ciepemann

merciful

milde; mildheort

mercy

ar, f; mildheortnes; milts

message

ærende, n.; ærendgewrit

messenger

ar, m.; ærendraca; boda

metre

gemet

mew

mæw

midday

middæg

middle

midd

in the middle of: onmiddan

midnight

middeneaht, f

might

miht

mighty

mihtig

milestone

milgemearc

milk

melcan

mind

ferð; hige; mod; gemynd

mindful

gemyndig

mingle

gemengan

misdeed

misdæd, f

miserable

earmlic; earmsceapen

miserably

earmlice

misery

iermðu

misfortune

demm, m; gelimp

misleading

gedwolsum

missile

flan; scotung

mist

ge-nip

mock

bysmerian; gebysmerian

moderate

medmicel

moderately,

mid gemete; gemetlice

monastery mynster

monastic orders

munuchad

monasticism

munuchad

money

feoh; sceatt

monk

munuc

monster

sceadugenga

month

monað

moor

mor

more

ma; mara

any more than: þon ma þe

moreover

eac swelce (swa); swelce eac; eac þon

morning

morgen r

most

mæst

mostly

mæste

moth

moð&eht;e, f

mother

modor

mound

hlæw

mount

gehleapan

mountain

beorg, m.; dun; munt

mountainside

beorghliþ, n

mountain slope

beorghliþ, n

mountain stream

fyrgenstream

mountainwood

fyrgenholt

mourn

gnornian; murnan

mouth

muð

move

astyrian; onhreran

much

miccle; micel

must, be obliged

sculan

much (n)

micel, n

mudcrust

lamrind

multiply

gemanigfealdan

multitude

dryht; menigu

murder

morþor

mutilate

sceard

my, mine

min

Top

---

N

nail, fingernail

nægl

naked

nacod

name (n)

nama, m

name (v)

hatan; nemnan

narrative

ge-recednis

narrow

nearo

nation

folc, n; leodscipe; mægð

natural

gecynde

nature

cynd

navy

flothere; sciphere

near (adj)

neah; nean

near (adv)

neah

near to

gehende (+dat)

nearby

gehende

necessary

niedbehefe; niedbeðearf

neck

hals, m

need

beþurfan

needle

nædl

neglect

forlætan

negligent

recceleas

neighbourhood

neawest

neither

naþer; nohwæðer

neither ... nor

ne .... ne; nohwæðer ... ne

nephew

nefa

net

nett, n

never

na; næfre

nevertheless

hwæðere; noht þon læs

new

niwe

newly

niwan

next

oðer

night

niht, f; nihthelm

nightcrawler

sceadugenga

nightshift

nihtweorc, n

nightwatch

nihtwaco

nightwork

nihtweorc, n

ninety

hundnigontig

no

na; nic

nobility

eorlscipe; indrhyto, f

noble

æðele; cynelic; freolic; hærlic; indryhten

noble kinsman: freomæg

nobleman

ealdorman; eorl

nobly

manlice

noise

breahtm

none

nænig

noon

middæg

nor even

ne eac

nor

ne ... ne

northwards

norð

nostril

nosþyrl

not

ne; nic; noht

not at all; by no means

na; nateshwon; næs; nealles; noht

nothing

nanwuht; nawiht

notorious

mære

now

nu

now that: nu

Top

---

O

oak tree

actreo, m

oar

ar, f

oath

að

obedience

gehiersumnes

obey

hieran; hiersumian; ge-hiersumian

obliged, be

sculan

observe

healdan

observer

sceawere, m

obtain

begietan; gegongan

occasion

mæl; sæl

occupation (=worry)

bisgu

occupy

bysigian

occurrence

gelimp

ocean

geofon, m/n; gelagu; mereflod

ocean current

sæstream

ocean path, route

brimlad

offer

beodan; gebeodan; offrian; ge-offrian

offer up: ge-offrian

offering

lac; offrung

office

had

offspring

eafore; ofspring; sæd

often

geneahhe; oft

oil

ele, m

old

eald; frod; gamol

on (adv)

on

on

on (+d,a)

on this side of (prep)

behionan

one

an

one (indef pron)

man

only (conj)

butan, buton

only (adv)

efne

onto

on

onward (adv)

on

open (adj)

open

open (v)

openian; geryman

openly (adv)

openlice

opponent

andsaca, m

opportunity

byre

oppose

ongeanstandan

oppressive

hefig

or

hwæþer þe; oþþe

oratory

gebedhus

ordain

hadian; ge-scrifan

order (n)

endebyrdnes, f; fadung; had (=religious order); hæs

order

hatan

origin

æþelo, np; ; gecynd

original

bysen, f

ornament

fæt; frætwe (pl); hyrst, f

ornament (v)

frætwan

ornamented

fæted; ge-regnad

orthodox

rihtgeleaffull

other

oðer

otherwise

elcor; elles

ought to

sculan

outcast (adj)

fah

outcry

gebære, n.

over

ofer (+dat/acc)

overcome

ofercuman

overconfidence

ofermod

overhang

oferhelmian

overrun

gegongan; ofergan

overshadow

oferhelmian

overtake

beridan

own (adj)

agen

own

agan

ox

oxa, m

oxherd (a useful word in modern English)

oxanhierde, m

Top

---

P

pain

sar; sarnes

painful

sar; sarlic

pantry

cleofa; hedærn

paradise

neorxenawang, n

pardon

arian

part

dæl

part (v)

sceadan

party

gebeorscipe

past (n)

geardagas

pastime

gomen

pasture

læs, f

path

foldweg; pæð, m

pay

gieldan

payment

sceatt

peace

freod, f; frið

peasant

ceorl

penetrate

feolan

penitence

dædbot, f

penance

dædbot, f

people

firas; folc, n.; leode

perceive

oncnawan; ongietan

perform

began (anom); dreogan; ge-læstan

perish

gecringan, gedreosan; forweosan; losian

permanence

fæstnung

permit

alyfan; lætan

person

mann

pertain

belimpan

pervade

geondhweorfan

phrase (v)

gefadian

pike

hacod

piety

arfæstnis, f; æfæstness, f;

pious

æfæst

pit

seaþ

piteable

earmlic

pitiably

earmlice

pity

mildheortnes

place

lecgan; ge-logian

plan

hicgan

plated

fæted

pleasant

fæger; leof; lustbære; lustbære

pleasantly

fægere

please

lician

plenty

fyllo, f

plough

erian

ploughman

ierþling

ploughshare

scear

plunder

herehuð, f

plunder (v)

rypan

plural

menifealdlice

poem

leoð; leoðsong

poet

scop

poetics

leoðcræft

poetry

leoð; leoðsong; scopgereord

point

ord, m

poisonous

ættryne

polish

bywan

polisher

feormynd

pomp onmedla

ponder

geondþencean

pool

hringmere (circular); mere

poor

earm

pope

papa, m

population

burhwaru

portent

beacen, n.; niðwundor

possess

agan

possessions

æht, f

pouch

fætels, m

pound (n)

pund, n

pound (vb)

beatan

pour

geotan

power

mægen; miht; onweald, m

powerful

mihtig; rice

practise

began (anom)

praise (v)

eahtian; herigean

pray

gebiddan

prayer

gebed, n.

preach

bodian

precede

foregangan

precious

deore

precious stone

eorcanstan

preordain

foresceawian

prepare

bywan; gearcian; gearwian; ge-gearwian; gyrwan

prepared

gearo

present (adj; as in "the present day")

andweard; ondweard

preserve

gehealdan

press out

oðspringan

presume

medan

prevent

ge-lettan

previously

ært1anðe, ært1æmt1e

pride

gylp; ofermod

priest

mæssepreost; preost, m

prince

æþeling; ealdor, m.; leod, m

prison

carcern; clustor

proceed

astigan; gefaran; feran

proclaim

mærsian

produce

acennan; atyhtan; forþbringan

profound

deop

profoundly

deoplic

promise (vb)

behatan; gehatan

promise (n)

gehat, n

proper

gecynde; gerisenlic

properly

rihte

property

æht

prosperity

ar, f

prostrate (adj)

neowol

protect

beorgan, gebeorgan; bewerian; freoþian; ge-nerian

protection

helm, m; hleo; mundbyrd

protective clothing

hleosceorp

protector

hleo

proud

gilphladen

provide

foresceawian; ge-fremman

provisions

metsung, f

public

folclic

pugnacious

aglæca

pull

bregdan

pure

clæne; hluttor

purge

fælsian

purity

clænnis

purpose

inwitþanc (hostile); modgeþanc

pursue

æfterfylgan; ehtan

push

scufan

put

ge-logian

put to flight

aflyman

Top

---

Q

queen

cwen, f

quick

caf; hraðe; hwæt

quickly (adv)

arodlice; færlice; hrædlice; ofstlice; recene

Top

---

R

race

cynn

rage

grymetian

rain

rinan

raise

ahebban; ræran

raise up, raise aloft

hafenian; hebban; onhebban

ram

ramm, m

rancour

inca, m

ransom

lysan

rare

selcuþn

ravage

awestan; bereofan; forhergian; hergian

ravaging

hergung

raven

hremm

ravenous

gifre

raw

grene; hreaw

reach

geræcan

reach out: ræcan

read

arædan; rædan

readily

geare; georne; geornlice

ready

fus (+gen); gearo

realize

onfindan

rebuilder

betend, m.

receive

ge-geopan; onfon

recently

niwes

recite

gieddian

reckless

recceleas

recognize

oncnawan

recommend

bebeodan; befeolan;

red

read

red-stained: readfah

redeem

lysan; onlysan

regal

cynelic

regally

cynelic

region

mearc, f; sceat, m

regret

besargian

regular

regollic

reign (n)

rice

reign (v)

ricsian

reject

forseon

rejoice

gægnian; gefeon

rejoicing

fægen

relate

mænan; reccan

relative

magan; mæg

release

alysan; lysan

relics

haligdom

religion

æfæstness, f; halignes

religious

godcund

relinquish

alecgan

remain

restan

remain behind

belifan

remain standing

ofstondan

remedy (v)

gebetan

remedy (n)

bote, f

remember

gemunan; gemyndgian

remind

gemanian

remnant

laf, f

remove

afierran, aferran; astyrian; aswipan; forniman

rend

scieran

render

areccean; gieldan

renew

niwian

render useless

aidligan

renounce

anforlætan

repay

leanian

repel

abaedan

repent

behreowsian

replenish

gefyllan

reproach

ætwitan; edwit

reputation

hlisa, m; lastword

rescue

ahreddan; hreddan

resolute (adj)

anræd; heard; hygerof

resound

dynnan; hlimman; hlynsian

rest (n)

rest, f

rest (v)

restan; ge-restan

restore

niwian

restorer

betend, m.

restrain

abædan

resurrection

ærist

retainer

dryhtguma; selesecg

return

gecierran

return (n)

eftsið

reveal

cyðan; onwreon

revelry

breahtm; mondream

revile

bysmerian

reward (v)

leanian

rich

fæt

riddle

giedd

ride

ridan

ride up to

beridan

right

riht

righteous

rihtwis

righteousness

rihtwisnis

rind

rind

ring

beag, m.; hring

rise up

hlifian

risk (n)

pleoh

rivalry

geflit

river

ea, f; lagustream

riverbank

easteð; ofer

roar

grymetian; hlimman

roast (v)

brædan

rob

bereofan; forstelan

robber

feondsceaþa, m

roebuck

ra

rolling

gelac

rood

rod

roof

hrof

row (v)

rowan

rowing

rewett, n

ruin (n)

hryre, m

ruinous

hreorig

rule

rædan

ruler

anwealda, m; ealdorman; heretema

run

ærnan; irnan

rush

ræsan

Top

---

S

sack

abrecan

sacrifice (n)

lac; offrung

sacrifice (v)

geoffrian

sad

dreorig; geocor; geomor; geomormod; hygegeomor; ormod; sarlic

sadfaced

dreorighleor

sadhearted

hygegeomor

sadness

geomerung

safe

hal

sailor

brimliðend; brimmann; flota, m; flotman; lidmann; s&aelida; sæmann; særinc

saint

halga; sanct

salmon

leax

salt

sealt

salt-maker

sealtere, m

salutary

halwende

same

ilca; self

sanctuary

herig

sand

sandceosol

satisfy

fyllan

save

ahreddan; beorgan; gebeorgan; hælan; hreddan; ge-nerian

say

cweðan; gecweðan; secgan; ge-secgan

saying

cwide

scholar

bocere; leornere

scorn

forhicgan

sculpt

ceorfan

sea

brim; flot, n; geofon, m/n; holm; holm; hwælweg; sæ

seabird

brimfugol; fleotend

seagull

mæw

sealane

brimlad; lagulad, f

sea voyage

sæfor

sea water

lagu

seamonster

nicor, m

seaman

flota, m.

search

secan

search for: secan

secret

deogol; dyrne

see

sceawian

seek

secan; ge-secan

seed

sæd

seize

begietan; cepan; fon; ge-niman; oferfon

seldom

seldon

self

self

self-employed

hlafordleas

sell

ciepan

send

asendan; onsendan

send forth

fysan; onsendan

sense

andgit, n

separate (v)

gedælan

sepulchre

moldern, n

sequence

endebyrnes, f

serious

geomormod

serpent

nædre

servant

cnapa; cniht

service

manræden

set (vb)

asettan; oðfæstan

set an example: bisnian, gebisnian

set in motion: hreran

set out on a journey: siþ asettan; feran; fundian

set up: asettan

severely

miclum

shade

scead; sceadu

shadow

sceadu

shaft

sceaft, m

shake

asceacan; acweccan; bifian

shame

scand; scomu, f

shameful

bysmorful; heanlic

shamefully

huxlice

shape

hiw

share

dælan

sharpen

grindan

shatter

gebrecan

sheath

sceð, f

shed

scipen, n

sheep

sceap, n

sheepfold

loc, n

shellfish

sciellfisc

shelter (n)

hleo; scurbeorg

shepherd

sceaphierde, m

shield

bord, n; scield

shine

scinan

shining

beorht; goldbeorht

ship

ceol; flota, m; scip;; merehengest; naca, m; sæbat

shipwreck

forlidennes, f

shoe

sco

shoes

gescy, n.p.

shoemaker

scowyrhta

shoot

fysan; ofsceotan; sceotan

shore

ofer

shoulder

eaxle

shout

ceallian; clipian, clypian

shouting

clypung; hream

shove

scufan

show

ætywan; gecyðan; iewan

shower

scur

shrine

scryn

shrink

scrincan

sibling

geboren

sick

healf, f

sickness

adl, f.

sign (n)

beacen, n.

signify

gebicnian

similar

gelic

simple (adj)

anfeald

sin

fyren; leahtor

sinner

manshliht

sing

asingan; singan; galan; gieddian

single (adj)

anlepe

sink (cause to)

besencan

sir

leof

size

micelnes, f

skilful

ge-rad

skill

cræft; list, f; orþonc; searoþonc

skin

fell, n; hyd; rind

skulk

lutian

sky

lyft, f; rodor

slaughter (v)

ofsniðan

slay

ofslean; sægan

slayer

bana

small

mæte

smaller

læssa

smash

gebrecan

snake

nædre

snare

grin

snow

hrið

snowswept

hryðig

soak

beswillan

solace

frofor

soldier

beorn, m.; cempa; fyrdrinc; guðrinc, m; hererinc, m; hildemecg, m; hilderinc, m; hiredmann; hyse, m.; lindwigend; rinc; scealc, m; sceotan; secg

solitary

ænlic

someone

hwa

something

hwa; hwæhwugu

somewhere

forhwega

son

bearn, n; eafora

song

leoð; leoðsong

soon

hraðe

sore

sar

sorely

sare

sorrow

cearo; hearm; inwidsorH

sorrowful

hreocearig; sarig

soul

gast; sawol

sound (n)

ansund; hleoðor

sound (v)

galan

space of a foot

fotmæl

spacious

brad; geap

spare

arian

speak

gecweðan; hleoðrian; maðelian; mælan; gemælan

speak of

mænan

spear

franca; gafeluc; gar; ord

species

gecynd

spectral

gæstlic

speech

giedd; gereord

speech, make a

maðelian;

spirit

ferð; gast; mod; modsefa

spirited

modwlonc

spiritual

gastlic

spiritually

gastlice

splendid

betlic

splendour

gleomu

sport (n)

gomen

sport (v)

gelac

spread

brædan

spring (n)

lencten

spring (v)

spring apart: onspringan

spring open: onirnan

sprout

asprytan

stab

ofstician; ofstingan

staff

sagol; sceaft, m

stag

hæstapa; heorot

stain (vb)

afylan

stained

fah; -fah

stake (a claim)

mærsian

stand alongside

bestandan

stand fixed

ætstandan

stand up

astandan

stalk

bestealcian

start

beginnan

statement

cwide

steadfastly

fæstlice

steadily

fæstlice

steal

forstelan

step forth

ætsteppan

still (adv)

giet

stir

hreran (cf. Du "roeren); onhreran

stir up

drefan

stoop

lutan

stop

ætstandan

storekeeper

ciepemann

storeroom

hedærn

storm (v)

abrecan

storm (n)

scur

story

ge-recednis

straighten

gerihtan

stranger

gyst, m

stream

flod, m

strength

ellen, n; mægen

stretch out

astreccan

strife

orlege, m

strike

hnitan

strip

behlyþan; ongyrwan

strike down

gefyllan

strong

forstrang; from

stronghold

burg, byrig; fæsten

student

leornere

study

leornian

submit

bugan; gebugan

succeed

fon to rice

succession

endebyrnes, f

sudden

færlic

suddenly

færlice

suffer

dreogan

suitable

gehæp; gelimplice; gemæc; gerisenlic

summon

bonnan; clipian, clypian; laðian

supplies

metsung, f

supply

onstal, n

support (n)

fultum

support (v)

fultumian

surface

sceat, m

surround

began (anom); bewyrcan

survey

geondsceawian

survive

belifan; gedygan

swallow

gegeopan

sweep away

aswipan

swift

from

swiftly

hrædlice

swimmer

fleotend

swimming pool

burnsele

swing open

onbregdan

sword

bill, n.; ecg; guðbill, n; iren; mece

symbol

beacen, n.

Top

---

T

table

beod, m.; bord, n.

tailor

seamere

taint

geblandan

take

don; niman; geniman

take away

forniman

take heed

geman

take out

ateon

take up

onfon

taste

byrigan; onbyrigan

teach

læran; ge-læran

teacher

lareow; magister, m

teaching

lar

tear (v)

scieran

tell

asecgan; reccan; secgan

temple

herig

temporary

læne

terrible

atol

terrified

anforht

terrifying

gæstlic

territory

eþel

terror

broga, m; ege, m; egesa, m

test

fandian

the, that

se, seo, þæt

Note: See chart for forms

therefore

forðy

they (indef pron)

man

think

hicgan; hogian; myntan

thought

hige; gehygd

threat

beot, n.; feorhbealo, .

threatening

beotlic

throne

cynestol; giefstol

through

geond

throughout

geond

throw

sceaotan

throw away: aweorpan

thrust

sceotan

tide

flod, m; mereflod

tilling

eorþtilþ

time

first, m.; hwil; -hwil; mæl; sæl

for a long time: lange; langlice

timid

forhtmod

tired

meðe

together

ætgædere; ætsomne; endemes; geader; samod

toil

gedeorf

too

samod

toss

cnossian

totally

clæne

touch

æthrinan; gretan; hrepian; hreppan; hrinan; ge-ræcan

tower (v)

hlifian

town

burg, burig; burgtun; burgsteall; ceaster

track

feorhlast, m; last

trade

cræft

translate

areccean; awendan

trap

betræppan

trapping

hyrst, f

trappings

gerædu

travel

faran

treasure

beahhord, n.; goldhord, m; hord, n.; maðm

treasurer-giver

maþþumgyfa

tree

beam, m.

tremble

bifian

tribute

gafol, n; manræden

troop

heap

trouble (v)

bysigian; gedrefan

trouble (n)

cearo, f; myrðu; niþ, m

troubled

earmcearig; hreoh; hreocearig

troublesome

hefigtyme

trout

sceota, m

truce

grið

trust

geliefan

try

cunnan

tub

byden

tumult

gedræg; gelac

turn

hweorfan; hwierfan; gehwierfan; oncierran

turn around: onhwyrfan

turn away: bugan

Top

---

U

uncle

eam

unclothe

ongyrwan

uncooked

grene

understand

asmeagan; gecnawan; forstandan; ongietan

undress

ongyrwan

unfortunate

heardlice

unhappy

heardselig

unhurt

hal

unimportant

leohlic

unique

ænlic

unite

geanlæcan

unity

annis, f

unless

nymþe

until

hwænne; oð

unyoke

ongeocian

up

up to: oð

upon

on

upright

rihtwis

uproar

cyrm, m

urge

manian; gemanian

use (v)

befæstan; brucan; neotan; notian

use (n)

fiorm, f; nytt, f

useful, be

dugan

useful

nytt

usefulness

nyttnes, f

utensil

fæt

utility

nytt, f

utter

acweðan; gecwðan

utterance

cwidegiedd

utterly

clæne; eallunga

Top

---

V

vain

idel

valley

denu, f

valuable

deorwierþe

various

manigfeald; mislic; missenlic

vat

fæt

vein

æder, f

venom

attor, m.

venture

ge-neþan

vernacular

folclic

verse

fers, n.

very (adv)

ful; geneahhe

very much

ealfela

vice

leahtor

viewing

sceawung

vigorous

c; hwætaf

vile

fracod; ful

violence

ecghete; mæenþise

violent

hæste

virgin

mægð

voice

hleoðor; reord; gereord

vow (n)

beot, n

vow (v)

beotian; gehatan

Top

---

W

wage (war)

ahebban

wait

anbidian

walk

gan; gongan

wander

scriþan

war

guð, f; orlege, m

ward off

abaedan

warband

duguð

warrior

beadurinc, m.; beorn, m.; cempa; dreng, m.; dryhtguma; folcwiga; fyrdrinc; garbuend; guðrinc, m; hæle, m hæeþ, m hildemecg, m; hilderinc, m; hiredmann; hyse, m.; lindwigend magorinc; rinc; scealc, m; sceotan; secg

wasteland

mor

water

brim; lagustream; wæter

water, body of

flod, m

wave (v)

hwearfian

wave (n)

saltyþ

way

foldweg

way of life

drohtoð

wealth

blæd; ead, n.

weary

meðe

weave

bregdan

weave together

gebregdan

weep

greotan; reotan

weigh down

hefigan

well

fægere

well-known

cuð

whale

hwæl

whaling

hwæhuntoþ

what

hwa; hwelc

what kind of: hwelc

when

mid þam þe mid þy þe

whence

hwanon

where

hwær; hwider

whet

hwettan

whether

hwæðer

which

hwelc

while

hwil

whistle

hwistlian

whistling

hwistlung

whither

hwider

white horse

blanca

who

hwa

whole

ansund; gehal

wicked

fracod

wickedly

manlice

wickedness

fyren

wide

brad; geap

wield

ge-reccan

willingly

gelustfullice; lustfullice

wind around

bewerian

window

eagðyrl, n

wise

frod; gleaw

with

mid

with longing for

æfter (+acc)

wither

searian

within (adv)

beinnan; binnan; inne

within (prep)

innan (+dat)

without

butan, buton; -leas

withstand

forstandan; ongeanstandan

woman

cwen, f; cwene, f; fæmne; ides; mægð

womb

hrif, n

wood

holt

word

giedd

work

gedeorf

worker

ceorl

world

middangeard

worry

bisgu

worship

bigong, m.

worthless

idel

wound (vb)

amyrran; forwundian; ge-ræcan

wound (n)

benn, f.; dolg, n.; inwidhlemm; licsar; sar

wounded

feohseoc, adj

wretched

earm; earmcearig; earmsceapen; feasceafig; hean

wretchedlly

earmlice

write

awritan

Top

---

Y

yard

geard

year

gear

year-by-year: gearmælum

yearning

langung

yield

abugan; bugan; gebugan

yes

giese

yesterday

giestrandæg; gystran

yet

gen; giet; hwæðere

yew

iw, m

yoke (v)

geocian

you

ge (np), eow (ap)

your

eower

young

geong

young people

giogoð

youth (n)

cniht; geoguð; hyse, m.; mago, m

---

Z

zeal

ellenwodnis

zealously

georne; geornlice