Doctors Corner: Ask Dr. Koop

Q: Is spina bifida hereditary?

A: For those who may not be familiar with this disease, spina bifida (SB) is a birth defect involving the spine. During pregnancy, one or more of the fetal vertebrae do not fully develop, leaving portions of the spine incomplete and unprotected. Spina bifida varies in severity. Fortunately, the mildest form is the most common and sometimes it does not show any symptoms. Many women with SB can get pregnant, depending on how it affects them. The pregnancies are usually considered high risk, but each woman needs to evaluate her own situation, with the help of healthcare professionals who are experienced with SB. The Spina Bifida Association of America says family history is a factor in only 5 percent of cases. The organization says the chances of a baby having SB are between 1 and 5 percent if one parent has SB and 15 percent if both parents have it.