Domain Name System(DNS)Intrduction(
Network-Resource Name Resolution): Applications can examine or
access resources on remote systems in two ways. One way is by
using the UNC standard with Win32 functions to directly address
a remote resource; a second way is by using the Windows
Networking (WNet) API to enumerate computers and resources
that those computers export for sharing. Both these approaches
use the capabilities of a redirector to find their way to the
network. As we stated earlier, to access CIFS servers from a
client, Microsoft supplies a CIFS redirector, which has a
kernel-mode component called the redirector FSD and a user-mode
component called the Workstation service. Microsoft also makes
available a redirector that can access resources shared by
Novell NetWare servers, and third parties can add their own
redirectors to Windows 2000. In this section, we'll examine
the software that decides which redirector to invoke when
remote I/O requests are issued. Here are the responsible
components:
Multiple provider router (MPR) is a DLL that determines
which network to access when an application uses the Win32
WNet API for browsing remote file systems.
Multiple UNC Provider (MUP) is a driver that determines
which network to access when an application uses the Win32
I/O API to open remote files.
Domain Name System (DNS): is a standard by which Internet names
(such as www.microsoft.com) are translated to their
corresponding IP addresses. A network application that wants to
resolve a DNS name to an IP address sends a DNS lookup request
using the TCP/IP protocol to a DNS server. DNS servers implement
a distributed database of name/IP address pairs that are used to
perform translations, and each server maintains the translations
for a particular zone. Describing the details of DNS are outside
the scope of this book, but DNS is the foundation of naming in
Windows 2000 and so it is the primary Windows 2000 name
resolution protocol.
The Windows 2000 DNS server is implemented as a Win32 service
(\Winnt\System32\Dns.exe) that is included in server versions of
Windows 2000. Standard DNS server implementation relies on a text
file as the translation database, but the Windows 2000 DNS server
can be configured to store zone information in Active Directory.
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