Energy is the ability to do work.  Some of the energy that fuels the world is gotten from falling water used by hydroelectric power plants.  Some comes from nuclear energy.  Still more comes directly from solar radiation.  Most of our energy, however, comes from the burning of fuels such as oil, gas, and coal.  Burning a fuel releases energy in the form of heat and light.  The heat can be used to run engines and electrical generators.  The burning of fuel is a chemical process.  Carbon and hydrogen in the fuel combine with oxygen from the air to form carbon dioxide and water.   The fuels contain stored chemical energy.  The stored chemical energy is released mostly as heat during the chemical changes of burning.

How is energy obtained from food?  What form is that energy in?
· Food is broken down in several small steps which release both heat and chemical energy (stored energy)
· Chemical energy is stored in the high-energy bond of an ATP molecule.

Do all organism obtain energy in the same way?  Do plants need to undergo cellular respiration?
· All organisms, all cells obtain energy in basically the same way. - cellular respiration.
· Although plants turn the suns energy into glucose, this glucose must still be broken down for use by each cell.

In cells energy is used for all life functions.

What happens to the energy released during cellular respiration?
· It is packaged in the bond that turns ADP into ATP
· The energy used to add the addition phosphate is released when the bond is broken

What is the difference between ATP and ADP? 
· ATP has an additional phosphate bonded to it.
· This additional high-energy bond causes ATP to have more energy than ADP.

How is ATP like a rechargeable battery?
· Cells can only use energy in chemical form so the energy in glucose is converted to the useable ATP
· When the bond is broken and energy is released the ADP is ready to be "charged up" again to ATP

What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?
· Aerobic respiration in the presence of oxygen, while anaerobic respiration takes place without oxygen.
· Glucose is completely oxidized to carbon and water during aerobic respiration.  During anaerobic respiration some of the glucose remains bonded. 
Where in the cell does glycolysis take place?
· Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm.
· This is the first step for both anaerobic and aerobic respiration.

How much energy is released during glycolysis? 
· 2 molecules of ATP are used as start up energy to break down glucose.
· 4 molecules of ATP are released from each broken down glucose
· There is a net gain of only 2 ATP molecules 

What is fermentation?
· During Anaerobic respiration, fermentation is the process that follows glycolysis.
· Either ethyl alcohol, or lactic acid is produced.
· Yeast produces alcohol