Some organisms, such as green plants, capture the energy of sunlight and transform it into chemical energy.  This process of capturing and transforming the energy of sunlight into chemical energy is called     photosynthesis.  During this process plants use carbon dioxide and water to make glucose, and they release oxygen. 

What is the difference between autotrophs and heterotrophs?
· Autotrophs are capable of making their own food (green plants, etc..)
· Heterotrophs must eat other plants or animals.

Name and describe the two major types of autotrophs?
· Photoautotrophs - use the sunlight as energy to convert CO₂ into carbon for food.
· Chemoautotrophs - use energy in chemicals to drive the food making reactions

What is photosynthesis?
· The process of capturing and transforming the energy of sunlight into chemical energy.
· Carbon dioxide and water are used to produce glucose and oxygen.

What is a pigment?
· Any substance that absorbs light.   Light that is reflected off of a surface is light that our eye sees.

What are photosynthetic pigments?
· The most abundant and important pigment is chlorophyll.  Two types.
· Chlorophyll a - absorbs red and blue light and reflects green.  Primary photosynthetic pigment
· Chlorophyll b, carotenes and xanthophylls absorb different colors of light and reflect yellow. Color change in the fall.

Describe Chloroplasts? 
· Organelles in the plant that contain photosynthetic membrane where the pigments are found.
· Membrane is vital to the photosynthetic process.  Energy would be immediately lost if not captured by the membrane 

In green plants, the following equation summarizes the conversion of light energy into chemical energy.  Label the following equation.

6 CO₂       +       12 H₂O      ¾¾¾®   C₆H₁₂O₆   +   6 O₂   +  6 H₂O       
­                              ­               ­                ­                  ­              ­
  Carbon Dioxide         Water       Light         Glucose      Oxygen      Water

Explain some of the factors affecting photosynthesis.
· Sunlight - more sunlight more photosynthesis.
· Temperature - works best at moderate temps, no extremes.
· Water - shortage of water slows photosynthesis.
· Minerals - shortage of minerals slows photosynthesis.

How are Photosynthesis and Cellular respiration related?  Explain.
· Cellular respiration is the opposite of photosynthesis.
· Cellular - releases, Photo - stores energy.
· Cellular - glucose and O₂ used, CO₂ and water made.
· Photo - CO₂ and water used, glucose and O₂ made.

Photosynthetic and Chemosynthetic Bacteria -
· Blue-green bacteria  (blue green algae)  have photosynthetic membrane throughout the cytoplasm
· Chemosynthetic bacteria make food from Carbon dioxide by using the energy in chemical substances.  Takes place where no light is present.

Heterotrophic Plants -
· Ingest other organism as an alternative to photosynthesis
· Parasitic plants like the mistletoe.
· Meat-eating plants like the Venus flytrap.