Study Guide for Chap. 4 – Ancient Greece and the Mediterranean Region     Terms and People to Know

Chapter 4 Sec 1 (Pgs 112-117)

Crete     Aegean Sea      Minoan Civlization     Arthur Evans     Knossos    shrines     Minotaur      frescoes       Mycenaeans     Indo-Europeans    Trojan War     straits    Heinrich Schliemann   Troy    Dorians     Illiad      Odyssey       Homer ( Homeric Age)  

Ch.4 Sec 2 (Pgs 118 – 123)
Balkan Peninsula    colonies   polis     acropolis     citizens    monarchy    aristocracy    oligarchy   phalanx  Athens
Sparta     Peloponnesus    helots       Council of Elders    ephors    Attica     democracy     Solon     tyrants   Pisistratus   Cleisthenes 
Council of 500      legislature   metics   myths      Mt. Olympus   Hades ( Greek underworld)  Zeus      Hera      Poseidon     Athena    Aphrodite      Apollo      Dionysus   barbaroi        

Ch 4. Sec 3 ( Pgs 124 – 129)
Militiades  Ionian   Herodotus   Darius I   Marathon   Themosticles   Xerxes   Thermopylae  King Leonidas of Sparta      Salamis   Simonides   Plataea     uniqueness   alliance     Delian League    Pericles   direct democracy  stipend     jury       Ostracism  ecclesia   The Boule 

Ch 4 Sec 4 (Pgs 130-136)
Philosophers   logic    rhetoric   sophists    Socrates   philosophy    Plato    “Socratic Method”     Academy    dialogues   “The Republic”    Aristotle      The Golden Mean      The Lyceum     “Ethics”  “Poetics”     “Logic”       “Politics”      Parthenon    Doric   Ionic   Corinthian  rigid   Nike of Samonthrace  The Dying Gaul    The Festival of Dionysus    tragedies    Aeschylus     Sophocles    Euripides   “Oresteia”   “Antigone”    “The Trojan Women”  comedies  Aristophanes    “The Clouds”   Herodotus    The Persian Wars   bias    Thucydides 
“History of the Peliponnesian War”

Ch 5 Sec 5 (Pgs 137-147)
Macedonia    Philip II of Macedon     Alexander the Great     assassination   Olympias   Dardanelles   Granicus River assimilated  Hellenistic culture   Ptolemy I   Alexandria   Pharos  accumulated   Archimedes     Ptolemy   elaborate   Stoicism    Zeno    Cynics    Diogenes   Epicurus   Epicurians  Pythagoras     Pythagorean theorem   Euclid  “ The Elements”   Aristarchus      heliocentric theory    Eratosthenes    Hippocrates   Hippocratic oath   “ The Net Pullers”      “The Persians”    skene   orchestra   theatron    Myron    Phidias    Praxiteles  

Ideas to understand
•   Describe how the geographical characteristics of the Balkan Peninsula influenced the ancient Greeks
•   Why did early Greeks settle in city-states?
•   Briefly trace the development and achievements of the Minoans and the Mycenaeans.
•   How did the city-states of Sparta and Athens develop differently?
•   What challenges did Greek civilization face during the 400s B.C.
•    Explain the architecture, painting, sculpture, and other developments in art during Greece’s “golden age.”
•    Describe the lives, teachings, and significant contributions of Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle.                 
     they different? .
•   Explain the Greek contributions and major developments in math, science, history, and drama.
•   Explain the Greek theatre and describe the characteritics of a Greek play - both tragedy amd comedy.
•   Explain the battle tactics and methods of Philip of Macedon and goals of Alexander the Great.