The ancient sources of fine arts
belonging Bengal or Bangladesh are still unexplored, although in a golden
era of history, the Paal paintings (Puthichitra), around eleventh century,
were extremely rich in aesthetic heights. In addition, these are the very
blazing side in the heritage of art of Bengal. Henceforth, the engraved
terra-cotta on different architecture like Tomb, Temple or Mosque in the
reign of Buddhists and Mughal Empire has aristocratic glory in history
of art of the Indian sub continent.
Besides, fabric designs (Maslin and Jamdani saree), paintings on SARA,
POTCHITRA and NOKSHIKATHA or embroideries of thousand years nourished the
heart of art in Bangladesh, sometimes neglectfully or secretly and sometimes
close affectionately.
The British Empire played a vital role on everything of this region.
A firm influence also found on Bengal fine arts. At the beginning of twentieth
century, Havel and Abanindranath Tagore had invented a new style that was
combination of Mughal miniature and Chinese-Japanese styles. This new style
became establish and renowned as the Oriental art or the Bengal school.
To say the truth, it was just a hard struggle and rebel against the European
concepts in styles.
The mass concepts of art or the eternal essence of folk art altogether
is seen in the KALIGHATA POTs and in printed pictures. Deepest revealing
of artistic power added a variety of dimensions and aesthetic beauties
to those pictures.
Three different exposures (combination-synthesis-analysis) of the European
style, new Bengal school and folk forms are found in the master works by
Nandlal, Jamini Roy and Vinodbihari.
Modernize exploration of European concept is seen very first in Gagan
Tagore's paintings. Moreover, Rabindranath Tagore created such many masterpieces,
which ultimately enriched the European concepts of fine art.
Calcutta, before 1947, was the nerve center of art in the sub continent
but being a great cultural point of Bengal Dhaka was a city without any
practices of fine art. Its' exercise was limited only in between the cinema
hoarding, drop-scene for theatres and portraits of aristocrat male and
female. However, the homage art-sense of mass people was still alive and
was exercised through the path of continuation of thousand years' endeavoring
and nursing. For the very example, when (1947) Zainul-Kamrul-Shafiuddin-Anwarul,
against the oppose of ill-literate people, founded an art school and Dhaka,
only within 3 years by 1950, became established as an important center
of practicing fine arts. Nowadays, Dhaka is the name of one of the most
important city in Asia at the field of fine art.
After 1947, the fine arts of the citizen and institution divided into
three streams. The mainstream of art or the stream dependent on gallery-room
is quite isolated from the contemporary cry of the time or condition of
the country. This mainstream was attentively drowned in practice of artificial-artistic
purity and techniques until mid-eighties. The second is the stream of book-cover
designing and illustration. This stream is exercised by the certain artist's
personal technique with the objects of literature (it is yet out of the
scope of country's art-criticism) and have achieved a different kind of
artistic and aesthetic value to the artists, art-critics and the public
sentiment of art-taste. The third stream is an ever extingguishing flow
of and is abolising every once amidst the derkness of time. Naturally,
it is developed based on political movement. Posters, Banners, Wall-writings,
Cartoon-caricatures are belong to this trend. Although it is one of the
important aspects of modern art-history, it is vanquishing into the dark-cave
of time without any aesthetic criticism and proper nursing because of artistic
unconsciousness and political instabilities of the country. On the other
hand, Aesthetic value of instant and spontaneous emotion behind artistic
creation is glorified as an important chapter of world art-criticism by
the great works of Expressionism, Surrealism, Dadaism, Action paintings,
concept of 'Happenings', and especially in the works of V. Van Gogh. In
this relation, for example, we may quote the name of Shilpacharya Zainul
Abedin. 'Famine-43' series, his master works are the creation of shortcoming
emotion raised by the shocking-toll of the Famine, 1943. These are very
much renowned as the noblest works in all-Indian art history, also one
of world art history.
1947-'50 is the period preparing the base-ground of Bangladeshi fine
art. After establishing Pakistan as a state in 1947, Zainul, Kamrul, Shafiuddin,
Anwarul Haque and in 1950, Mohammad Kibria, Syed Shafiqul Hossain and Khaja
Shafique, came Dhaka from Calcutta. The institiute of fine art in Dhaka
was established in 1948. It was a great event for cultural fields of this
region. Practice of institutional fine art began with the foundation of
this institution.
Moreover, participation of contemporary intellectuals and young cultural
workers with the process of founding this institution is also an important
milestone for the country’s cultural history. This singnificance can be
understood if we analyze the establishing-history of Dhaka Fine Art Institute.
The first art exhibition in Bangladesh was held at Dhaka in December
1947. The exhibition of Zainul's series drawing on famine, by the help
of then banned Communist Party, was open for only one day. Vanue of the
exhibition was placed in F.H. Muslim hall of Dhaka University. Mr. Ajit
Guha and Amiyo Chakravarti, influenced by the exhibition, wrote positive
and diffusive articles in The Daily Azad in favor of founding an institute
of fine art. In this relation, upon the advise of then head minister Mr.
Habibullah Bahar, Zainul Abedin, cooperated by Quamrul Hasan and Aminul
Islam, painted one hundreds posters in the name of "Separation of India
and establishment of Pakistan". This poster exhibition was arranged on
14 August 1948 at then governor house. On the recommendation of the chairman
of Pakistan Public Service Commission and the world famous aesthesien-critic
Shahed Sohrawardi and by enthusiastic yearning of the then D.P.I. head
and disttinguished scientist Dr. Qudrat-E-Khuda, the Government of Pakistan
approved to construct fine art institute in Dhaka. Afterwards, hard toil
of Zainul Abedin, Quamrul Hasan, Shafiuddin Ahmed and Anwarul Haque shaped
this institution as an important cultural center of Bengal. Behind the
establishment of this institute, started its expedition on 15 September
1948, a vital role of thoughts and writing-power of some young men was
involved. They are poet and novelist Alauddin Al Azad, poet Hashan Hafizur
Rahman, scientist and writer Abdullah Al Muti Sharfuddin, dramatist Munir
Choudhury, shardar Fazlul Karim, Enayet Karim, Abdul Gani Hazari, Syed
Ali Ahsan, Sanowar Murshed and Artist Aminul Islam.
Zainul abedin was then a vigorous personality in the all-Indian artistic
surroundings for his emotional and dazzling revolutionary famine series,
created with the combination of British academic style and eastern two-dimensional
style and pleasant illustration in “monthly Desh”. Qumrul Hasan caught
sight of the art-critics around Calcutta for his searching view in eastern
style or Oriental wash method in the paintings. Shafiuddin Ahmed was and
still famous for his realistic paintings on Shantal Pargana in oil and
wood cut-wood engraving media. Award wining landscapes in watercolor of
Anwarul Haque and oil paintings based on natural scenery by Khaja Shafique
was created in the style of Calcutta art school. The major characteristic
of fervent practice in fine art of our region, until 1951, was to originate
a new art style combining with the British academic style and Bengali folk
art.
In this very period, Zainul Abedin, Quamrul Hasan and Kazi Abul Kashem
adjoines with the blooming publication companies and illustratated books
in their own techiques or mathods. Later, Zainul came out of that trend.
Practice of institutional or urban art exercise of modernity in fine
art began simultaneously in same time. In the all-Indian observation, modern
art was introduced in late forties. Before this, preparation for getting
modernity in Calcutta-based Bengal or in all-Indian fine art was
fulfilled in the hands of those, of whom a major portion had already
been started practice on Bangladesh-based fine art. 'Modernity' in Bangladeshi
art was nourished by them.
By '53, after establishing fine art institute in 1948, the artists of
the very first generation completed their study-period. The generation
of forties had developed a Calcutta-based modern environment in practice
of fine art. By that flow, with the touch of western modern methods of
art, the practice of all-Indian modern fine art gained, in the meantime,
a distinct form in Calcutta. This tide also shacks this Bengal (then East
Pakistan). Kibria from Calcutta and Joins as a teacher at Dhaka fine art
Institute completing his studies from Calcutta Art School. In the same
time, many of the students of first and second batch visited Calcutta.
Before this, replicas from the paintings of Rabindranath Tagore, Gagonendranath
Tagore, Jamini Roy, Zainul Abedin and different art copies of the European
artists printed and published on "Probashi" and on other magazines created
a pre-concept of modernization in art thoughts of the students of first
generation of the fine art institute.
Moreover, some positive situation and environment helped the students
and played a vital influence on them to be modern-minded, namely well interaction
with the contemporary literary personnel, scientists, political workers;
direct or indirectly relation of both teachers and students with the banned
East Bengal Communist party; positive advantage and environment of the
families of those young student artists; art senses of the mass people
of East Bengal through thousand years.
Teachers and students of the institution, after establishing in 1948,
involved themselves in the Language Movement (48-52). The stream of political
and social consciousness regarding Bangladeshi fine art explored in the
Banners, festoons and different cartoon-drawings around the Language Movement,
52. As created by immediate shortcoming emotions and then destroyed, there
remains no opportunity to consider aesthetic values of those works presently.
Some drawings by Murtaza Bashir based on the Language Movement have been
found which are also important in aesthetic values.
In the same time, practice of Dhaka-based literary activities and designing
book covers came to limelight. As a result practices of graphic design
and illustration started their journey. At the primary stage, the artists
of the forties, mainly Zainul, Quamrul, Kazi Abul Quashem attended the
entire duties. The young artists came to the stream after 1950.
In 1951 Zainul, with the combination of cubist method and concept of
folk art, painted "PAINAR MAA"(Paina's mother) which was the first modern
artwork done on the earth of east Bengal. Until 59, this was the only and
mainstream of modern fine art around this region. Still in the present
days, the newer apprentices of fine art begin their practice on this very
method.
At the later period, Around 1956-'65, Aminul Islam (Florence), Murtaza
Bashir (Florence), Abdur Razzak (USA), Kazi Abdul Bashet (Chicago), Rasheed
Choudhury (Paris), Hamidur Rahman (UK), Novera Ahmed (UK) returns from
abroad completing their studies and then they identified the vital problem
in fine art of our country e.g. the European modernity. Their classmates,
staying then in native country, Quaium Choudhury, Devdash Chakravarty,
Syed Jahangir supports in it.
In the mean time, Zainul, Shafiuddin, Kibria appeared in different
courses in Japan and Europe and then returned. Afterwards, teachers and
students divided the modern practice in Bangladeshi fine art in three styles:
abstract, cubist form, and combination of cubist and folk forms. Later,
practice of objective abstract art becomes the main artstream in Bangladesh.
The social-economic condition also played an important role in spreading
or expanding this objective-abstract art style in Bangladesh (then East
Pakistan). In mentality of being Pakistani, there were hardly any prospects
of marketing of figurative art or art of human and animal figure. As a
result, because of pressure of insecurity in economics and furthermore,
for neglected position of Bangladeshi artist in politics, they couldn't
accept the Pakistani ideology in art e.g. Arabic calligraphy or traditional
Islamic art. In the contrary, the Pakistani artists enriched their economic
condition by the paintings and other artworks in favor of Pakistan and
with the scope of social-political admiration. On the opposite side, the
artists of Bengal accepted the contemporary Euro-American objective abstract
style, which in the same way, gave them economic security and scope to
oppose the Pakistani ideology.
After practicing, searching and taking better education in fifties,
the fine art of this region took a quality of aesthetic height in national
and international ground in sixties.
After Zainul, Quamrul is the grand and master art-personnel. Own society
and own time in the drawings, oil paintings and works in water color created
with the combination of cubism and folk art is deeply revealed/present
by this late-forties painter. Pasts and presents of Bengal are clear in
his works. Aesthetic quality in book illustration of Bangladesh became
profoundly rich by touch of his hands. Especially in illustrating political
subjects, folk stories and books of rhymes, He was the superior personality.
To identify political features in fine art, His poster drawings, festoons
caricatures etc. were very genius in aesthetic values. In 1972, the monstrous
portrait of Yahia Khan named "AE JANOARDER HOTTA KORTE HABE" or the poster
in 1988 named "DESH EKHON BISHWO BEHAYAR KHOPPARE" both are his immortal
creation. In illustrating books, painting posters, drawing cartoon and
caricatures, designing calendars and creating all other purified artistic
works-- everywhere He was the topmost artist of Bangladesh till his death.
His "KHEROKHATA" is a painted history of 47-88 Bengal.
Shafiuddin Ahmed, One of the prominent painters of forties, having
characteristics of grandeur height in aesthetic purity which was constructed
with the combination of cubism and folk art in fifties. Afterwards it hastens
leads towards abstract form but not wholly abstract. The printing art media,
its impeaching and spreading broadens by his indomitable hard labor.
Anwarul Haque of forties was an anxious searching artist. Almost in
every form, he created some remarkable and wonderful works.
Kazi Abul Quashem is the first Muslim painter of modern subcontinent.
As an illustrator his contributions are same important in Calcutta in thirties
and forties and then, Dhaka in late forties. He was a pioneer in children
books illustration from mid forties to sixties. He was the only Muslim
artist in Calcutta before India divides and in Dhaka after divission till
Quamrul Hashan ariued.
His Caricatures cartoous on language movement, Lividation of India,
Establishment of Pakistan, Hindu-Muslim riot etc. were the main attractions
of the newspapers of that time.
Artist Kibria of late forties wished to work on cubism at the biginning.
His style becomes objectine abstroct and changed in siktias. Pocte mode
is the hery characteristies of his Paintings. Main credibitities of his
works was to innovate sensation in using clors, He expresses his fulings,
keen and subtle in mind, through using different color combination or color
estimation taste tems. Kibria is the most influeucine painter in modern
fine arts fields in Bangladesh. The other remarkable artists of that time
are Khaja Shafique, Syed Shafiqul Amin, Syed Shafiqul Hossain and S.M.
Sultan.
Aminul Islam is the first Student of Dhaka Fine Art institute. Mainly
he is an experimental artist. Thirst for the new and search forartistie
purity is seen through his entire Artistice life. He is the first and most
frilliant artist of Bangladesh in mural draw ings especially in mosaic
mural. European Concept of purity is profoundly seen both in his cubism
and absractism styles.
Murtaza Bashir of fifties generation, on question of purity in practice
of art, was hard and soul industrious. Unending searching, firmness in
style, sharp and personified concepts about subjects are the artistic quality
of his works. He had painted a series of paintings named ''DEYAL'' to express
heart-rating situation of the beyond progressive administration of Aiyub
Khan. This was the first compilation of purified abstract and metaphysical
styles in the fine arts of this country (This exhibition is accused to
be a manifesto in spreading the practice of abstract art in Bangladesh).
His drawings can be compared with of Picaso. In painting mosaic wall paintings,
he is the innovator of some new concepts in using medium and techniques.
He wishes to collect his art elements and techniques from the whole world's
art-heritages.
Novera Ahmed is the first modernized personality in art & culture
of Bangladesh. Our art-admirers at first came to discover, in her sculptures,
the topmost quality of modernity, the primitive tastes. She and she is
the first MODERN and leading female sculptor in Bangladesh. With compilation
by synthesizing Folk forms, the sculptures of Stone Age and architectural
forms, she gives specialty in her own forms. It can be understood observing
the structural technique of the EKUSHER SHAHID MINAR (the memoir tomb of
remembering the martyrs killed in the language movement of February 1952),
the symbol of cultural movements in Bangladesh, created by her. In her
concepts and imaginations for transferring the architectural structure
of the temples and observatories of Stone Age into the symbol of mother,
Novera rendered the struggles of Bengal into a struggle internationally.
Hamidur Rahman, the another architect of SHAHID MINAR is the avant
garde of modern wall painting (Fresco) in Bangladesh. Stylistic drawing
is the important characteristic of his works.
Rashid Choudhury develops/creates the folk livelihood of Bengal on
his canvas in the cubist surrealistic form. He has introduced the method
of tapestry and craft in our country. He is an erudite personality of this
region as an organizer of art. The Chittagong Fine Art College and the
department of fine art in Chittagong University have been established by
his extreme labor. Establishing the Chittagong Fine Art College and the
department of fine art in Chittagong University is an eminent incident
for the artistic world of Bangladesh. The advent of second art center in
Chittagong was irresistible due to the variety in contemporary art practice
in Bangladesh.
The paintings of Kazi Abdul Bashet repesent geometric texture, sculptural
and lyrical tones. His non-objective paintings expose a sensation like
Wileam DeCooning, Mark rothko, Jacson polok,s art work.Concept for indentifying
the relationship between object and emptyness is recognized in works by
Abdur Razzak.
Abu Taher; Colors that reflect inner power of human life are represented
as the metamorphosis in the abstract paintings of this painter of early
sixties. Kazi Abdur Rouf and Shahtab, died prematurely, created a poetic
chime in their paintings, combination of cubism and folk style.
Painters of sixties mere enriched the abstract concept of fifties expressing
excellence of methods and techniques. They developed their pictorial language
in figure drawings using the style of a sort of Fobism. They paid more
importance for personal insight or corner of view than techniques or searching
aesthetic purity.
Mahmudul Haque of sixties is the painter in abstract style that was
introduced by Kibria. Poetic romanticism abounds in his pictures. In the
etching aquatint media of graphic art, he is one of the great artists of
Bangladesh.
Monirul Islam was received warmly in the international ground of art
for innovating new technique and keenness in etching aquatint media. Works
of this painter, settled in Spain, are a sort of romantic, especially the
submissions of abstract nostalgia for his hireling country. Giashuddin,
living in Japan, created his calmative paintings in watercolor using lyrics
of Rabindranath and many other cultural elements of Bengal as subjects.
He is distinguished art-personnel of Japan or East Asia. The artistic philosophy
of Shahid Kabir (lives in Spain) is sophisticated and directed/manipulated
by the life-philosophy of LALON. Expressionism and reverse ism is seen
in the contemporary works of this artist and art teacher, having concepts
of ever youthfulness and new ideas; in this sense, he is the founder of
neo-reverse ism.
In the beginning, Abdus Sattar had eagerly tried to create modern paintings
in watercolor of eastern method. Later, he had earned international fame
by his works of graphic art in abstract style. An outstanding skill is
seen in many landscapes on Dhaka City in fountain pen media by Golam Sarowar.
Shamsul Islam Nizami is a painter of abstract style.
Abul Bark Alvy is romantic works in abstract style. Discussion of powerfulness
of this abstract artist pays an extra and isolated attention. He is the
foretopman artist in the field of book illustration of Bangladesh. The
nature and environment of Bangladesh has come most marvelously in his special
book illustrations for children.
Rafiqun Nabi wishes to move easily almost in every media. He has gained
enormous fame by his stylistic and subject-based paintings. He awakens
masculinity/vigor by variety of line in his illustrations as an illustrator.
He is the first who has differentiated the distances or differences of
illustration and basic/fundamental artwork. His cartoon-caricature and
write-ups named TOKAI is the documentation of contemporary economic-social
structure.
The biggest credibility of Hashem Khan is to make attractive of the
childish books by the touch of his illustration. In this field, he is a
man of ever remembrance. For this, he could be treated as a responsible
figure for the recent appearance of contemporary Bangladeshi art-concept.
The younger generations becomes aquatinted with the concept of fine art
having seen the drawings of Hashem Khan in the school text books and other
childish books. He is also efficient in the creative trends of fine art
like Quiyum Choudhury and Rafiqun Nabi. In this trend Pranesh Mandal and
Shamarjit Roy Choudhury are remarkable painter of our time. The paintings
of Pranesh Mandal are absorbed the naturalistic exposure while Shamarjit
followed the abstract track. Except them, Abdur Rouf Sarkar, Ashem Ansari
and Nasir Biswas had created some wonderful paintings and illustrations.
After the disappearance of Novera Ahmed, the contribution of Anwar
is extremely important giving a new life in the
practice of sculpture of our country. Especially, he is the pioneer in
practicing and establishing wood-cut sculptures, the common element of
our country.
The later time of fine art is the time of mass movement of '69 and
the time of liberation war in 1971. After the nine month's freedom fight,
the joy of having an independent country and sorrowful pain of loosing
nearest relatives are seen in the newly made paintings and sculptures which
they had experienced with the influence of social and political changes
caused by the liberation war. The younger artists of seventies have created
paintings of joys and tale of glory. The same thing came to the artists
of fifties and sixties as a symbol of loosing dearest relatives.
Abdullah Khalid constructed an open-sky sculpture naming APARAJEYO
BANGLA, the symbol of all movements and independence of Bangladesh. In
the other side, Shahabuddin Ahmed painted the glorious tales of freedom
fight of our country. The speeds and spirit in actions of the freedom fighters
is expressed in his paintings. He raises/picked up the dense emotions and
glorious struggle of freedom fight on his canvas in hard speedy strokes.
Hamiduzzaman created huge number of environmental sculpture on the
subject of liberation war of Bangladesh that are the artistic exploration
of the freedom fight and in the same time, struggle and success in expansion
of sculpture practice. His other sculptures are the geometric revealing
of emotion.
In Bangladeshi fine art period, the seventies are very prominent. The
artists of fifties and sixties were bound to create abstract works in their
imprisoned society. Painters of seventies felt no boundary. The painters
of sixties wanted to get free of that imprisonment by their stylistic works
but those were powerless and illustration-based. The young painters of
seventies came over that self-devouring pessimism which were occurring
in the abstract works of fifties. They conceived over whelming emotion,
joy and independence in their abstract paintings. A K M Alamgir and Maruf
Ahmed are in this trend. Hashi Chakravarty, Tandra Das, Naima Haque, Farida
Zaman, Nurun Nahar Papa, Zakia Aziz, Biren Shom, Hamiduzzaman Khan, Mansurul
Karim, Chandrashekhar Dey, Mominul Reza and Ranajit Das adjoins social
consciousness in their abstract art style.
In the paintings of Mansurul Karim, our heritage and contemporary comes
along through abstractive and poetic compulsion. Hashi Chakravarty picked
up social reality by using color, Stylistic drawing and with geometric
division on canvas. In the paintings of Ranjit Das contemporary period
arrives through the history of fine art. For example, to expose social
position of female in our country, he brings up famous paintings and character
from Angrey or Vinchi as an element of painting. Hanger or Clip becomes
a symbol of contemporary reality in the paintings of Mominur Reza. kalidas
Karmakar presents all Indian (Hindu, Buddhist, Muslim and folk) heredity
in complex lines and in variety of technique skills in his printings (Etching
& Colograph). At last, his works explored surrealistic essence and
created a supernatural symbol to the spectacles
Abdus Shakur conceives all significant signs of fifties and sixties.
In a same way, styles of seventies also came in his paintings. At first,
Tarun Ghosh created his paintings based on sheer social consciousness but
afterwards he has searched folk heritage in abstract style through his
paintings. In poster designs and illustrations he is an inventor of newer
style. Mizanur Rahman, Shawpon Choudhury, Kazi Raqib, Masuda Kazi, Dipa
Haq, Anwarul Haq Piaru, Mohammad Mohshin are the remarkable painters of
this period.
The art works of seventies can be divided in four trends: (1). The
paintings on Freedom fight and of glorified tale of freedom fight; mainly
the freedom fighters are the creator of these works. (2). Surrealistic
paintings based on social conditions after-war. (3). Abstract arts. (4).
Experimental works.
If we look upon the paintings and trends of paintings, we'll see a
huge number of female painters; and, they only, have nourished and practiced
the experimental trends of seventies. Especially, the credibility of these
female painters abounds in using unconventional media for paintings or
avoiding general and conventional media and to innovate new techniques.
Another important incident happened in fine art of seventies e.g. the
re-advent of S.M. Sultan, the painter of forties. He returns after a long
period of 20 years (from 56 to 77) with an exhibition by Bangladesh Shilpokala
Academy. He is more and more an artist of Bengal with his vast and gigantic
paintings of that time considering the subject selection and using media.
A comment of Mr. Ahmad Shafa on Sultan's works is quotable: .... these
paintings has come and born amidst the farmer society of Bengal in Nineteen
Hundred Seventy seven directly, disconnecting from the conscious circle
of Renaissance age without any kind of intervention.
----Bengali Mushalmaner Mon.
The paintings of SM Sultan are such a degree and a level in modern
art of Bangladesh that the solution between the prominent condition of
locality and the international contradiction is possible by considering
and analyzing those.
Many talented painters of seventies were also efficient in illustration.
Biren Shom paid most attention to the subtlety of poetry in his illustration
on poetry books. Prematurely died Kazi Hasan Habib, tried to combine the
art and poetry of Bangladesh.
Of them, Shishir Bhattecharjee is boastful bold. He creates his drawings
and paintings undertaking a keen control and dominion over aesthetic deviation
and the volubility of economical, social and political matters. On the
other hand, his mates took shelter of stylistic drawing or abstractivity.
Shishir is the most popular painter of eighties and nineties. The subtle
and keen intellectual message of his drawings and caricatures printed on
the national Dailies picked him up to the highest popularity. He is very
much able to add aesthetic chastity in his satiric drawings with artistic
techniques and skills. By the subtlety of message and technical skills,
he could only be compared with lurie, the most famous and renowned satirical
painter of contemporary world. Shishir's caricature TUI RAZAKAR is very
much important for its characteristic of drawing and political utility.
He is also a pioneer of new ideas and concepts in book cover designing
and illustration on poems of this period. Dhali Al Mamun, Nilufar Chaman,
Dilara Begum Joly and Nishar Hossain explain their social conditions Combining
the style of folk art and mythical characters. Nazly Laila Manshur represents
social reality compiling realistic and surrealistic styles which gives
a symptom of a new aesthetic source.
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